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Message from Ms. Audrey Azoulay, Director-General of UNESCO, on the Occasion of World Press Freedom Day
教科文组织总干事奥德蕾·阿祖莱世界新闻自由日致辞
3 May 2022
2022年5月3日
Whether in the context of COVID-19 or during war and conflict, reliable information is more than necessary: it is vital.
无论是在COVID-19的背景下，还是在战争和冲突期间，可靠的信息都不仅仅是必要的，而且是性命攸关的。
Journalists play an essential role in providing this information. They assess, investigate and disseminate facts, ensuring people can make informed decisions. Journalism is therefore a public good, which we must defend and support as such.
新闻记者在提供这种信息方面发挥着重要作用。他们评估、调查和传播事实，确保人们能够作出知情决定。因此，新闻是一种公共产品，我们必须对其加以捍卫和支持。
Yet even as the United Nations marks the 10th anniversary of its Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity, which UNESCO is proud to lead, journalists are facing a fast-evolving environment.
然而，就在联合国纪念由教科文组织自豪地牵头的《联合国关于记者安全和有罪不罚问题的行动计划》10周年之际，记者们正面临着一个快速变化的环境。
As our newest World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development report shows, more than five in six people around the world live in a country that experienced a decline in press freedom over the past five years. Some 400 journalists were killed during the same period just for doing their jobs.
正如我们最新的《世界表达自由和媒体发展趋势》报告显示，过去五年里，全世界超过六分之五的人生活在一个新闻自由度下降的国家。同一时期，约有400名记者仅仅因为履行工作职责而被杀害。
Digital technologies are further revolutionizing this landscape. They have permitted unprecedented exchanges of information, supporting journalism across borders. We can now see what happens in any corner of the world, at any time.
数字技术正在进一步改变这一格局。它们促进了前所未有的信息交流，并助力新闻跨国界传播。如今，我们可以随时看到世界任何角落发生的事情。
But these opportunities come with new challenges. The advent of online platforms has called into question the economic viability of independent and pluralistic media, upending existing value chains and business models.
但这些机遇也带来了新的挑战。在线平台的出现，使独立和多元媒体的经济可行性受到质疑，也颠覆了现有的价值链和商业模式。
The digital era has also put media workers and their sources at greater risk of being targeted, harassed and attacked – for instance, due to data retention, spyware and digital surveillance.
数字时代还使媒体工作者及其消息来源面临更大的风险，例如由于数据保留、间谍软件和数字监控等原因，他们更有可能成为目标，受到骚扰和攻击。
Expressions of hatred against journalists have spiralled, affecting women journalists in particular. Our research shows that more than seven out of ten women reporters surveyed have experienced online violence.
对记者的仇恨表达急剧增加，这对女记者的影响尤其大。我们的研究表明，超过十分之七的受访女记者遭遇过网络暴力。
And as few of these technologies are regulated transparently and with accountability, perpetrators of violence operate with impunity, often without leaving a trace.
由于这些技术很少受到透明且尽责的监管，施暴者逍遥法外，往往不留痕迹。
This must end. Technological advances need to be underpinned by respect for the freedom, privacy and safety of journalists. Social media networks must especially do more to tackle rampant disinformation and hate speech, while protecting freedom of expression.
这种现象必须终结。技术进步需要建立在尊重记者的自由、隐私和安全的基础之上。社交媒体网络尤其必须加大行动应对猖獗的虚假信息和仇恨言论，同时保护表达自由。
UNESCO is firmly committed to these goals. To rise to emerging challenges, UNESCO supported the adoption of a new Windhoek Declaration for Information as a Public Good in the digital age, thirty years after the first, at last year's World Press Freedom Conference in Namibia.
教科文组织坚定地致力于实现这些目标。为了应对新出现的挑战，在首份《温得和克宣言》发表三十年之后，教科文组织在去年于纳米比亚举行的世界新闻自由日国际会议上支持通过了新的《温得和克宣言》，倡导在数字时代将信息视为公共产品。
Since then, UNESCO has been implementing the Declaration by promoting new transparency principles for online platforms, undertaking research into sustainable media business models and putting a new focus on media and information literacy in education systems.
此后，教科文组织一直在实施该宣言，具体包括促进在线平台落实新的透明度原则，就可持续的媒体商业模式开展研究，并将新的重点放在教育系统的媒体与信息素养上。
But we all must do more to address the risks and seize the opportunities of the digital age. On this World Press Freedom Day, I invite Member States, technology companies, the media community, as well as the rest of civil society to come together to develop a new digital configuration – one that protects both journalism and journalists.
然而，我们所有人都必须采取更多行动来应对风险，抓住数字时代的机遇。值此世界新闻自由日之际，我邀请会员国、科技公司、媒体界以及民间社会的其他成员携手努力，共同打造一个全新的数字环境，一个保护新闻和新闻记者的数字环境。
