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Message from Ms. Audrey Azoulay, Director-General of UNESCO, on the Occasion of the International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women
教科文组织总干事奥德蕾·阿祖莱女士消除对妇女的暴力行为国际日致辞
25 November 2019
2019年11月25日
The Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women defines violence against women as "any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women." As such, it covers a harrowing range of acts, including physical abuse, rape, unwanted sexual advances, sexual abuse, forced marriage, slavery, sexual exploitation, and female genital mutilation. It is often simply measured by the number of femicides – the number of women killed by partners or family members. Currently, an estimated 137 women die this way every day.
《消除对妇女的暴力行为宣言》将对妇女的暴力行为定义为“对妇女造成或可能造成身心方面或性方面的伤害或痛苦的任何基于性别的暴力行为”。据此，这种行为包括各种令人发指的行径：身体虐待、强奸、违反意愿的性挑逗、性虐待、强迫婚姻、奴役、性剥削和女性生殖器残割。这种行为常常以杀害妇女的数量——即遭到伴侣或家人杀害的妇女数量——简单衡量。据估计，目前每天有137名妇女死于这种暴力行为。
But this statistic ignores less visible, more insidious forms of violence against women. Female journalists, for instance, are frequent targets of sexist hate speech, including threats of rape and murder. According to a study by the International Federation of Journalists, 64% of women journalists have experienced online abuse. In politics, women face discrimination and harassment, which limits their ability to fully participate in political life. The recent deaths of female politicians are clear evidence of this problem. Women teachers are frequent victims of defamation, insults and threats – by both pupils and their parents.
但是，这样的统计数字忽略了更无形、更隐蔽的针对妇女的暴力形式。例如：女记者是性别仇恨言论的惯常目标，包括以强奸和谋杀相威胁。根据国际新闻工作者联合会的一项研究，64%的女记者经历过网络虐待。在政治领域，妇女面临着歧视和骚扰，这使她们无法充分参与政治生活。近期的女性政治人物死亡事件便是这一现象的明证。女教师经常遭受学生及家长的诽谤、侮辱和威胁。
In the face of this violence, we are not without arms. For instance, artificial intelligence, freed of its gender biases, can be used to ensure that women are able to express themselves freely and safely. AI tools can identify instances of cyberbullying, online discrimination and hate speech, automatically report them to moderators, and direct victims to relevant support. A group of five Kenyan girls calling themselves "The Restorers" have created an app to help over 200 million girls and women who have been subjected to female genital mutilation or cutting. We need to harness the power of this technology, and put it to work for gender equality.
面对这种暴力，我们并非无能为力。例如，人工智能不带性别偏见，便可用来确保妇女自由和安全地表达想法。人工智能工具可以识别何为网络欺凌、网络歧视和仇恨言论，自动向网站管理员报告，并引导受害者寻求相关支持。有五名自称为“恢复者”的肯尼亚女孩共同编制了一款应用程序，为2亿多名遭受生殖器残割或切割的女孩和妇女提供帮助。我们应当利用这项技术的力量，使之为促进性别平等服务。
Society cannot thrive if half of the population lives in fear of being assaulted. This is why UNESCO marks the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women on 25 November, followed by the 16 Days of Activism against Gender-Based Violence. This year, UNESCO is running a social media campaign featuring the stories of women around the world. Share your photos and videos using the hashtags #25Nov and #IDEVAW, to help us to say no to violence against women.
社会上如有半数人口生活在遭受攻击的恐惧当中，社会便不可能兴旺。正因如此，教科文组织在11月25日纪念消除对妇女的暴力行为国际日，并随后开展“消除性别暴力16天行动”。今年，教科文组织正在开展一场全世界妇女讲故事的社交媒体运动。请你也用#25Nov和#IDEVAW标签来分享照片和视频，让我们共同向针对妇女的暴力行为说“不！”
