评论
打印
Remarks by Director General Fu Cong at the Opening Session of the Third Training Course for the 1540 Points of Contact in the Asia-Pacific Region
外交部军控司司长傅聪在亚太地区防扩散国家联络点培训班开幕式上的讲话
Xiamen, China, 21 October 2019
2019年10月21日，厦门
Dear colleagues, ladies and gentlemen,
各位同事，女士们、先生们：
First of all, on behalf of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China, I would like to welcome you to the third Training Course for the 1540 Points of Contact in the Asia-pacific Region, and to this beautiful city of Xiamen. This event is co-hosted by the Chinese Foreign Ministry, the UN Security Council 1540 Committee and the UNODA. I want to take this opportunity to express our heartfelt thanks to the Committee and the UNODA. I would also like to thank the Xiamen Municipal Government for its strong support. Xiamen is one of China's first four Special Economic Zones and is famous for its spirit of openness and pragmatism. I hope, in such a spirit, we will enhance communication and cooperation, and advance our joint efforts of non-proliferation in the Asia-pacific region.
首先，请允许我代表中国外交部，欢迎各位参加由中国外交部和联合国安理会防扩散委员会、联合国裁军事务办公室联合主办的第三期亚太地区防扩散国家联络点培训班。我愿借此机会，向联合国方面表示衷心感谢。我也要衷心感谢厦门市政府的大力支持。厦门是中国首批四大经济特区之一，希望大家借助开放、务实的厦门精神，增进交流，凝聚共识，共同推动亚太地区防扩散工作取得新的进展。
Dear colleagues,
各位同事，
Preventing proliferation of WMD and its means of delivery, which constitutes a major challenge for the international community, is of vital importance to regional and global peace, security and development. To tackle such global challenge, it is indispensable to pursue multilateralism under the guidance of the UN and with the solidarity of all UN member states. This is inherent in the spirit and letters of Resolution 1540 ever since it was adopted by the Security Council in 2004.
防止大规模杀伤性武器及其运载工具扩散，事关国际和地区的和平、稳定与发展，是国际社会共同面临的重要挑战。全球性问题的解决离不开多边主义，离不开联合国的引领，也离不开各国的共同努力。这正是安理会2004年通过第1540号决议的初衷和意义所在。
Over the past 15 years, great progress has been achieved in building international consensus on non-proliferation, improving international non-proliferation system and promoting international cooperation in countering proliferation activities by non-state actors. However, it is also obvious that the global security landscape is undergoing profound and complicated changes. The root causes of proliferation are far from being removed, and the risks of proliferation by non-state actors are getting more diversified. Practice of unilateralism and double standards in the field of international security is on the rise. Discrimination and politicization in multilateral non-proliferation regimes are getting more prominent. The legitimate right of developing countries to peaceful uses of science and technology has been unjustifiably restricted.
15年来，国际防扩散共识不断加深，防扩散体系日趋完善，防扩散国际合作稳步推进，应对非国家实体扩散活动的国际努力有效增强。但我们也要看到，国际安全形势正经历深刻复杂演变，治理真空和治理乱象日趋严峻。产生扩散问题的根源远未消除，非国家实体扩散活动的风险更加多样化。单边主义和双重标准在国际安全领域正在抬头，国际防扩散体系不公平、不合理的一面更加突出，广大发展中国家和平利用科技受到诸多限制。
Dear colleagues,
各位同事，
We need to view and address non-proliferation issues both from a historical perspective and with a forward-looking attitude. In 2021, the Security Council will conduct its next comprehensive review of the implementation of Resolution 1540, and decide on its future direction and priorities. Preparatory work is already underway. In this connection, and taking into consideration the comprehensive review and international non-proliferation efforts in the long run, I would like to share with you China's views on non-proliferation:
看待和处理防扩散问题，既要有历史视野，也要有时代精神。2021年安理会将对第1540号决议执行情况进行全面审议，决定下步工作方向和重点，目前相关准备工作已经启动。针对当前国际安全特别是防扩散领域形势，着眼上述全面审议及更长远的国际防扩散努力，中方有几点看法和主张：
Firstly, efforts should be made to create a more favorable international security environment. The specific causes of proliferation may vary. But they all come down to insecurity, instability and underdevelopment. The correct path to non-proliferation is through the adoption of a new concept of common, integrated, cooperative and sustainable security, a collaborative approach to development and security and the establishment of a fairer and more reasonable international order.
第一，要营造良好的国际安全环境。扩散问题成因复杂，但根源都在于相关国家和地区不安全、不稳定、不发展。只有树立共同、综合、合作、可持续安全的新观念，以合作促发展，以合作促安全，推动国际秩序和国际体系朝着公正、合理的方向发展，才能从根本上消除扩散的动因。
Secondly, the existing international non-proliferation system needs to be consolidated and improved. The authority, effectiveness and universality of the relevant treaties, such as the NPT, the CWC and the BWC should be further enhanced. The cartel-like modality and discriminatory practices of existing multilateral export control regimes should be abandoned in favor of establishing a more open and inclusive international export control mechanism. Efforts should be made to address the legitimate concerns of developing countries to fully tap the potentials of the developmental aspects of relevant treaties and regimes, in order to ensure that all countries can enjoy the benefits of the peaceful uses of science and technology while promoting the goal of non-proliferation.
第二，要巩固和完善国际防扩散体系。要加强《不扩散核武器条约》《禁止化学武器公约》《禁止生物武器公约》等的普遍性、权威性和有效性。现有多国出口管制机制应改变小圈子模式和歧视性做法，寻求建立开放、包容的全球性出口管制机制。要解决发展中国家关切，在实现相关条约和机制防扩散目标的同时，充分挖掘其发展属性，确保各国充分享受科技和平利用的红利。
Thirdly, the role of the United Nations should be given full play. The UN is the most universal and authoritative international organization. It is the best platform for coordinating international non-proliferation endeavors and assisting member states in strengthening non-proliferation efforts. To facilitate sustained, comprehensive and effective implementation of Resolution 1540, it is important to listen to the views of all member states, fully take into account the international obligations and actual national conditions of respective countries, ensure necessary input for technical assistance and international cooperation, including capacity building for Points of Contact.
第三，要充分发挥联合国的作用。联合国是最具普遍性、最有权威性的国际组织，无论是协调国际防扩散努力，还是协助各国加强防扩散工作，联合国都是最佳的平台。第1540号决议下步执行应当广泛听取联合国成员国意见，统筹考虑各国国际义务与实际国情，确保对技术援助和国际合作的投入，包括加强国家联络点的能力建设，推动第1540号决议得到持久、完善、有效执行。
Fourthly, multilateralism must be firmly upheld. In this connection, it is extremely alarming to note that the United States, out of its selfish geopolitical interest, is trying to re-introduce political ideology into the field of arms control and non-proliferation, while hyping up "great power competition" or even "clash of civilizations" as excuses for its unilateral withdrawal from international treaties and reneging on its international obligations. Slanderous accusations and unilateral sanctions with extraterritorial jurisdiction have been frequently used to demonize other countries and force them to comply with its unjustified or even illegitimate demands. Attempts are being made to even resuscitate the Cold War era specter of COCOM under the name of "Coalitions of Caution" for export control, aimed at hampering normal international technology exchanges and cooperation, through technological decoupling.
第四，要坚决捍卫多边主义。特别值得警惕的是，当前美国出于自私的地缘政治目的，企图将意识形态引入军控和防扩散领域，渲染所谓“大国竞争”和“文明冲突”，为其退群毁约、逃避义务找借口。美国对其他国家极尽抹黑施压之能事，动辄实施单边制裁和“长臂管辖”，企图以此胁迫其他国家屈从于其无理乃至非法要求。美方甚至企图使冷战时期“巴统”死灰复燃，建立所谓“民主国家”的出口管制“审慎联盟”，通过“科技脱钩”阻挠正常的国际科技交流与合作。
I wish to emphasize that in an age of globalization and in face of wide-spread security threats, no country can be safe on its own, and the global endeavor of non-proliferation won't be effective without international cooperation. Development and prosperity depend on win-win cooperation. The days in which a few countries could monopolize key technologies are long gone. Any attempt to turn back the clock is doomed to fail and must be firmly resisted by the international community. Multilateralism is the best and only way to safeguard our common interests.
我要强调的是，在全球化背景下，面对安全挑战没有人能独善其身，抛开国际合作的防扩散努力不可能有效。发展和繁荣要靠合作共赢，少数工业国就能垄断科技的时代已一去不复返。任何逆潮流而动的做法注定失败，国际社会应共同反对。多边主义是维护共同利益唯一的、也是最佳的途径。
Dear colleagues,
各位同事，
China was a victim of biological and chemical attacks and had been under the threat of nuclear weapons for a long period of time. China is firmly against the proliferation of WMD and its means of delivery. This is a strategic decision China has made which stems from the fundamental interests of itself and the future of all mankind. It is also consistent with the path of peaceful development China is pursuing and the building of a community of shared future for mankind. China will not deviate from the overall objective of non-proliferation, nor will it scale down its non-proliferation efforts. In the meantime, China is of the view that export control should neither be a disguise for trade barriers nor a tool for unilateral bullying. While committed to fulfilling international obligations and safeguarding national interests, China is dedicated to international exchanges and cooperation in science and technology, and is ready to share the benefits of its development with the rest of the world.
中国是生物武器、化学武器受害国，曾长期遭受核武器威胁。中国坚决反对大规模杀伤性武器及其运载工具扩散，这是中国基于自身根本利益和人类长远发展所作出的战略决断，与中国坚持和平发展道路、推动构建人类命运共同体一脉相承。中国防扩散的方向不会改变，力度不会降低。同时，中方一贯主张，出口管制不是贸易壁垒的外衣，也不是单边霸凌的工具。在确保符合国际义务、维护国家利益的前提下，中国致力于开展科技等领域国际交流与合作，愿同世界各国共享发展成果。
For decades, China has been strictly fulfilling its international obligations, firmly defending multilateralism and actively promoting global security governance. China supports the leading role of the UN in international non-proliferation efforts. It has extensively participated in the implementation process of Resolution 1540 and actively promoted resolving hot-spot issues such as the Korean Peninsula and Iran nuclear issues through political and diplomatic means. China strongly supports international cooperation in the field of non-proliferation export control, highly values exchanges with all stakeholders to learn from each other, and has, to the extent possible, provided public goods for the international community. This training course is a typical example of such contribution. China is also willing to enhance exchanges and cooperation with multilateral export control regimes on the basis of balanced rights and obligations.
多年来，在防扩散等国际安全领域，中国严格履行国际义务，坚定捍卫多边主义，积极推进全球安全治理。中国支持联合国引领国际防扩散努力，深入参与第1540号决议执行进程，积极推动通过政治外交手段解决朝核、伊核等防扩散热点问题。中国大力支持防扩散出口管制国际合作，同防扩散领域所有利益攸关方交流互鉴，在力所能及的范围内为国际社会提供公共产品，本次培训班就是一个典型的例子。中国也愿在权利和义务平衡的前提下，同多国出口管制机制深化交流、发展关系。
China attaches great importance to constantly improving its national non-proliferation system. The Chinese government is now actively strengthening national non-proliferation legislation, which is aimed at integrating existing laws and administrative regulations in the field of nuclear, biological, chemical and missile non-proliferation, and setting up guiding principles and objectives for non-proliferation through legislation. China is dedicated to domestic non-proliferation export control institution building, focusing on better coordination among government agencies at all levels to improve effectiveness of law enforcement. China has also increased its input of resources in non-proliferation export control, particularly for promoting awareness raising and capacity building among government officials and other stakeholders such as enterprises, think tanks and people directly involved in production and trade of sensitive materials and technologies.
中国高度重视完善国家防扩散体系。中国政府正积极推动防扩散领域立法，整合现有核、生、化、导等领域法规，从法律层面确立防扩散的指导原则、目标任务。中国持续推进防扩散出口管制机制建设，在中央和地方各层级统筹协调、形成合力，提升防扩散执法的有效性。中国不断加强防扩散出口管制的资源投入，充分调动政府、企业、智库积极性，促进从业人员能力建设。
Dear colleagues,
各位同事，
The 1540 Points of Contact are responsible for promoting domestic communication and coordination as well as international cooperation, which is of great significance to the implementation of Resolution 1540. The effectiveness of implementation hinges on enhanced capacity of PoCs. That is why China, in cooperation with the Committee and the UNODA, hosted the first PoCs training in 2015, which has become a good example in the implementation process of the resolution and an important platform of cooperation between China and the Committee.
1540国家联络点承担着对内沟通协调、对外开展合作的双重职责，对促进第1540号决议执行具有重要意义。只有国家联络点的能力增强了，决议才有可能得到有效执行。这也是中国与1540委员会和联合国裁军办于2015年举办首次国家联络点培训的初衷。这个培训开创了培训国家联络点的先河，已成为中国加强与委员会合作的重要平台。
During this training course, representatives from international organizations and multinational export control regime will make presentations on every aspect of the implementation of Resolution 1540, including national legislation, enforcement, accounting and physical protection. Meanwhile, officials from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Commerce, State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense and General Administration of Customs of China will present the practice and achievements China has made in non-proliferation. We will also visit the Xiamen Customs. I believe that all of us will benefit from this training course. We are open to your advice and suggestions.
本次培训班邀请到了来自多个国际组织和机制的教员为大家授课，涵盖1540号决议执行的方方面面，例如国家立法、执法、物料衡算与物理防护等。同时，来自中国外交部、商务部、国防科工局、海关总署等部门的官员也将分别介绍中国的防扩散出口管制实践和成就，我们还将安排大家参观厦门海关。相信大家会有所收获，我们也愿听取大家的意见和建议。
Finally, I wish this training course a great success, and wish all of you a pleasant stay in China.
最后，预祝此次培训班取得圆满成功！
Thank you.
谢谢大家。
