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Jesus warned us about the folly of putting a patch of new material upon an old garment, or of putting new wine into old bottles. "Positive thinking" cannot be used effectively as a patch or a crutch to the same old self-image. In fact, it is literally impossible to really think positively about a particular situation, as long as you hold a negative concept of self. And, numerous experiments have shown that once the concept of self is changed, other things consistent with the new concept of self, are accomplished easily and without strain.
耶稣曾告诫我们，把新布补在旧衣服上或用旧瓶装新酒都是愚蠢的。把“积极思维”当作一块新布或一根拐杖，加在原来那个旧的自我意象上是不会有什么作用的。事实上，只要你对自我持否定概念，你就不可能对某一特定情况进行真正的积极思维。而且，无数实验证明，自我概念一旦改变，与这一新的自我概念相一致的其他事情就可以轻而易举、毫不费力地完成。
One of the earliest and most convincing experiments along this line was conducted by the late Prescott Lecky, one of the pioneers in self-image psychology. Lecky conceived of the personalityas a "system of ideas", all of which must seem to be consistent with each other. Ideas whichare inconsistent with the system are rejected, "not believed," and not acted upon. Ideas which seem to be consistent with the system are accepted. At the very center of this system of ideas --- the keystone --- the base upon which all else is built, is the individual's "ego ideal," his "self-image," or his conception of himself. Lecky was a school teacher and had an opportunity to test his theory upon thousands of students.
已故的普莱斯科特·莱基是自我意象心理学的先驱之一。他在这方面做过最早的也是最具说服力的一系列实验。莱基把个性看作一个“思想系统”，系统内的所有思想着上去必须相互一致。与这一系统不一致的思想一律受到排斥，“不被相信”，也不被奉为行动的圭臬。看上去与这一系统一致的思想则被接纳。这一思想系统的核心是个人的“自我理想”，他的“自我意象”，或自我概念，其他的一切都建筑在这一基石或基础之上。莱基生前是一位教师，因此，他有机会在几千名学生身上检验自己的理论。
