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Half of the world's 75 poorest countries are getting poorer compared to the richest economies.
世界上75个最贫穷的国家中有一半相比于最富有的经济体正在变得更加贫穷。
That finding comes from the World Bank.
这一发现来自于世界银行。
The development agency, based in Washington, D.C., recently released a report on the least developed nations.
这家总部设在华盛顿特区的开发机构最近发布了一份关于最不发达国家的报告。
It said that the difference in income growth per person in the poorest countries and the richest has widened over the past five years.
报告称，在过去五年中，最贫穷国家和最富裕国家的人均收入增长差距有所扩大。
It is the first time the difference has increased since the beginning of the 2000s.
这是自本世纪初以来，这一差距首次出现扩大。
Ayhan Kose is Deputy Chief Economist of the World Bank and one of the writers of the report.
阿伊汗·高斯（Ayhan Kose）是世界银行副首席经济学家，也是该报告的作者之一。
He told Reuters, "For the first time, we see there is no convergence.
他告诉路透社，“第一次，我们没有看到趋同。
They're getting poorer."
他们变得越来越穷了。”
He said the report writers saw "a very serious structural regression."
他说，报告作者发现了“非常严重的结构性倒退”。
Kose said that is why the report is bringing attention to it.
高斯说，这就是为什么这份报告引起了人们的注意。
The writers studied the 75 countries that can receive financial aid and zero-interest loans from the World Bank's International Development Association (IDA).
这些作者研究了可以从世界银行国际开发协会(IDA)获得赠款和无息贷款的75个国家。
The report said the nations risk losing 10 years of development without changes in policy and a lot of international aid.
报告称，如果不改变政策并获得大量国际援助，这些国家面临失去10年发展的风险。
Kose said growth in many IDA countries had already begun to slow before the COVID-19 pandemic.
高斯说，在新冠疫情之前，许多IDA国家的增长已经开始放缓。
But it was just 3.4 percent in 2020-2024.
但在2020-2024年间，增长率仅为3.4%。
That is the weakest five years of growth since the early 1990s.
这是自上世纪90年代初以来最疲软的五年期增速。
The report blamed Russia's invasion of Ukraine, climate change, and increases in violence and conflict as the main influences on the countries' development.
该报告指责俄乌冲突、气候变化以及暴力和冲突增加是影响这些国家发展的主要因素。
More than half of all IDA countries are in Sub-Saharan Africa, or Africa south of the Sahara Desert.
超过一半的IDA国家位于撒哈拉沙漠以南的非洲地区。
Fourteen are in the Asia Pacific area and eight are in Latin America and the Caribbean area.
14个位于亚太地区，8个位于拉丁美洲和加勒比地区。
Thirty-one have per person incomes of less than $1,315 a year.
31个国家的人均年收入低于1315美元。
Those countries include the Democratic Republic of Congo, Afghanistan, and Haiti.
这些国家包括刚果民主共和国、阿富汗和海地。
One in three IDA countries is poorer now than they were at the beginning of the pandemic.
现在，三分之一的IDA国家相比新冠疫情开始时更加贫穷。
IDA countries make up 92 percent of the world's people who lack enough affordable, nutritious food.
全世界缺乏便宜、营养的食物的人口中，92%来自IDA国家。
Additionally, half of the countries are in debt distress.
此外，有一半的IDA国家面临债务困境。
That means they are either unable to pay their debt or are at high risk of failing to make payments.
这意味着他们要么无力偿还债务，要么面临无法偿还的高风险。
These countries have some resources.
这些国家拥有一些资源。
Many are rich in natural resources and have the possibility of solar energy.
许多IDA国家拥有丰富的自然资源，并有可能发展太阳能。
They also have young populations at a time when populations are aging in developed countries.
在发达国家人口老龄化的同时，这些国家的人口还很年轻。
However, private and government creditors have been less willing to loan these countries money.
然而，私人和政府债权人对这些国家的贷款意愿却减少了。
U.S. Treasury Undersecretary Jay Shambaugh discussed the situation recently.
美国财政部副部长杰伊·尚博（Jay Shambaugh）最近讨论了这一情况。
He said that almost 40 countries saw more money leaving the country to pay debt than coming in as new loans in 2022.
他说，2022年，相比流入的新贷款，近40个国家支付了更多的资金来偿还债务，
And he said that situation likely increased in 2023.
他说，2023年这种情况可能会增加。
Kose called for ambitious policies to increase investment.
高斯呼吁采取雄心勃勃的政策来增加投资。
He urged countries to make policy improvements to strengthen their financial systems.
他敦促各国改善政策以加强其金融体系。
He also added that countries should make structural changes to improve education and increase income.
他还补充说，各国应进行结构性改革以提高教育水平和增加收入。
Kose also called for financial support from the world community to lower the risk of limited economic growth.
高斯还呼吁国际社会提供财政支持，以降低经济增长受限的风险。
He noted that the World Bank hoped rich countries will increase financial support for the IDA by December.
他指出，世界银行希望富裕国家在12月之前增加对国际开发协会的财政支持。
The report added that stronger international efforts on climate change, debt restructuring, and measures supporting international trade remained important.
报告补充说，在气候变化、债务重组以及支持国际贸易的措施方面加强国际努力仍然很重要。
Indermit Gill is Chief Economist of the World Bank.
英德米特·吉尔（Indermit Gill）是世界银行首席经济学家。
He noted that China, India, and South Korea had once been among the world's poorest countries.
他指出，中国、印度和韩国曾是世界上最贫穷的国家之一。
He said they were able to deal with poverty and raise living standards.
他说，他们能够解决贫困问题，提高生活水平。
Those countries are now among the world's strongest economies.
这些国家现在是世界上最强大的经济体之一。
He said, "The world cannot afford to turn its back on IDA countries."
他说：“世界承受不起抛弃IDA国家的后果。”
I'm Gena Bennett.
吉娜·班尼特为您报道。
And I'm Gregory Stachel.
我是格雷戈里·斯塔切尔。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
