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The number of Indian migrants entering the U.S. without legal permission has grown in recent years.
近年来，未经合法许可进入美国的印度移民人数不断增加。
In the past, Indian migrants interested in the U.S. crossed using the border with Mexico.
过去，想去美国的印度移民通过墨西哥边境进入美国。
But as the U.S. government has paid more attention to the southern border, migrants are trying to enter from the north.
但随着美国政府加强关注南部边境，移民开始尝试从北部入境。
New information shows more Indians than ever trying to cross using the border with Canada.
新信息显示，试图从加拿大边境进入美国的印度人比以往任何时候都多。
Just five years ago, in 2019, the U.S. Customs and Border Protection agency (CBP) said it "encountered" 16,000 Indian migrants at all borders.
就在五年前，即2019年，美国海关与边境保护局（CBP）表示，他们在所有边境“encountered”1.6万名印度移民。
An encounter is defined as an apprehension or expulsion.
“encounter”意为逮捕或驱逐。
But in 2023, CBP found 97,000 Indian migrants and 30,000 were at the northern border.
但在2023年，CBP发现了9.7万名印度移民，其中3万名是在北部边境。
The numbers do not include the period between last October and February when 14,000 Indians were encountered along Canada's border with the U.S.
这些数字还不包括去年10月至今年2月期间在加拿大与美国边境拦截的1.4万名印度人。
The increase is being described as a "migration rush."
这一增长被形容为“移民潮”。
The CBP said there were 190,000 encounters of all nationalities at the Canadian border last year.
CBP称，去年在加拿大边境共拦截19万名各种国籍的移民。
That number is six times bigger than in 2021.
这一数字是2021年的六倍。
A spokesperson for the Indian Embassy told VOA that Indian officials are working with the U.S. government to "facilitate legal mobility and to (slow down) illegal immigration and human trafficking."
印度大使馆发言人告诉“美国之音”，印度官员正在与美国政府合作，以“促进合法流动，减少非法移民和人口贩运”。
Chirag Patel is an immigration lawyer in Maryland who deals with Indian asylum cases.
奇拉格·帕特尔（Chirag Patel）是马里兰州的一名移民律师，负责处理印度人的庇护案件。
Patel and other experts say the flow of asylum seekers will continue up to the U.S. presidential election in November.
帕特尔和其他专家表示，寻求庇护者的流动将一直持续到11月的美国总统大选。
Patel noted, "People are trying to get a lot of things in before November, but also obviously before January...."
帕特尔指出：“人们正试图在11月之前完成很多事，但显然也是在1月之前……”。
The increase in the number of Indian migrants is only one example of how unauthorized migration into the United States is changing.
印度移民人数增加只是反映美国无证移民正在发生变化的一个例子。
"They're coming from all over the globe," said Muzaffar Chisti, a researcher at the Migration Policy Institute in Washington, D.C.
“他们来自全球各地，”华盛顿特区移民政策研究所（Migration Policy Institute）的研究员穆扎法尔·奇斯蒂（Muzaffar Chisti）说。
Pew Research Center estimates from 2021 identify Indians as the third-largest group of undocumented immigrants in the U.S.
2021年，皮尤研究中心估计，印度人是美国第三大无证移民群体。
That is the most of any country outside of the Western Hemisphere.
相比西半球以外的任何一个国家的无证移民，印度无证移民的人数在美国是最高的。
Devesh Kapur is a professor of Asian Studies at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland.
德韦什·卡普尔（Devesh Kapur）是马里兰州巴尔的摩市约翰霍普金斯大学的亚洲研究教授。
He said most of the migrants come to the U.S. for better jobs.
他说，大多数移民来美国是为了获得更好的工作。
"Very few of these are professionals," he said, noting that they are mostly uneducated young people.
他说，“这些人中很少有专业人士”，并指出，他们大多是未受过教育的年轻人。
Although they are not well educated, Kapur added, some come from families with money.
卡普尔补充说，虽然他们受教育程度不高，但有些人来自有钱的家庭。
After all, he noted, very poor people cannot pay to get on an airplane headed to Canada.
他表示，毕竟，非常贫穷的人不可能负担得起飞往加拿大的机票。
But if they want to get into the U.S., they often have no choice but to enter illegally.
但如果他们想进入美国，往往别无选择，只能非法入境。
Student visas are hard to get, and immigrant visas can often take 20 years to process.
学生签证很难取得，而移民签证常常可能需要20年才能办下来。
Some people attempt to enter the U.S. through Central America, what is called the "donkey route."
有些人试图通过中美洲进入美国，即所谓的“驴路”。
But others find it safer to try to enter through Canada.
但也有人认为通过加拿大入境更安全。
The Canadian government is aiming to restrict the number of student visas it offers to Indians.
加拿大政府正在限制向印度人发放学生签证的数量。
But Canada is still seen as an easy place to enter North America.
但加拿大仍被视为进入北美的一个便捷地点。
Shinder Purewal teaches at the Kwantlen Polytechnic University in British Columbia.
辛德·普里沃尔（Shinder Purewal ）在不列颠哥伦比亚省的昆特兰理工大学任教。
He said: "It's easier to get a visa to Canada than to Pakistan."
他说：“去加拿大比去巴基斯坦更容易获得签证。”
Purewal said: "More and more people are entering Canada, so they can just go straight to the U.S."
普里沃尔说：“越来越多的人进入加拿大，这样他们可以直接去美国。”
Canada's immigration agency said, in a statement, that it is observing the effects of its visa policy on countries that require visas and those that do not.
加拿大移民局在一份声明中表示，正在观察其签证政策对需要签证和不需要签证的国家的影响。
The migrants also look to established Indian communities in the U.S. for help.
印度无证移民还向美国已有的印度社区寻求帮助。
U.S. investigators recently uncovered a smuggling network that brought migrants from Gujarat state in India to work for Gujarati businesses in Chicago.
美国调查人员最近破获了一个走私网络，该网络将来自印度古吉拉特邦的移民带到芝加哥的古吉拉特企业工作。
Pawan Dhingra teaches at Amherst College in Massachusetts.
帕万·丁格拉（Pawan Dhingra）在马萨诸塞州阿默斯特学院任教。
Dhingra said, "People who come...have a connection to the country. If it was just escaping India, they could go anywhere in the world."
丁格拉说：“来这里的人......都与美国有关联。如果只是为了逃离印度，他们可以去世界上任何地方。”
There is still a safety risk for any border crossing, however.
然而，任何过境都存在安全风险。
In January 2022, an Indian family of four froze to death near the border in the Canadian province of Manitoba.
2022年1月，一个印度的四口之家在加拿大马尼托巴省边境的附近被冻死。
About one year ago, the bodies of eight migrants, including four Indians, were recovered from the St. Lawrence River.
大约一年前，包括四名印度人在内的八名移民的尸体从圣劳伦斯河中被打捞上来。
Maureen Silcoff is an immigration lawyer who works with refugees in Canada.
莫琳·西尔科夫（Maureen Silcoff）是一名移民律师，在加拿大从事难民工作。
She said the risks migrants take show how difficult their lives are in India.
她说，移民所冒的风险表明他们在印度的生活是多么艰难。
People do not come for "a thrilling adventure," she said, adding:"...They try to alleviate...hardships by relocating to another country."
她说：“人们并不是为了‘惊心动魄的冒险’而来，”。她补充道，“……他们是试图通过迁移到另一个国家来减轻……苦难。”
I'm Dan Friedell.
丹·弗里德尔为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
