评论
打印
Hi, I'm Rich. Welcome to Oxford Online English! In this visual vocabulary lesson, you can learn words and phrases to talk about food and cooking.
嗨，我是Rich。欢迎来到牛津在线英语！在本视觉词汇课中，您可以学习有关食物和烹饪的单词和短语。
A question for you: do you want to watch this video with subtitles? You can – it's easy! Turn them on now by clicking the 'CC' icon in the bottom right.
问您一个问题：您想观看带字幕的视频吗？可以，很简单！现在点击右下角的“CC”图标即可打开字幕。
Or, on mobile, tap the settings icon to turn on subtitles. Peel the courgettes. 'Peel' means to take the skin off some fruit or vegetables.
或者，在移动设备上，点击设置图标打开字幕。Peel the courgettes。“Peel”的意思是去掉水果或蔬菜的皮。
Some foods are easy to peel, like bananas. With other ingredients, you might need to use a knife or a peeler. Cut the tomatoes into quarters.
有些食物很容易剥皮，比如香蕉。对于其他食材，您可能需要使用刀或削皮器。Cut the tomatoes into quarters。
When talking about preparing food, the combination 'cut…into…' is common. For example, you might hear: 'Cut the chicken into six pieces', or 'Cut the aubergine into small cubes.'
在谈论准备食物时，“cut…into…”组合很常见。例如，您可能会听到：“Cut the chicken into six pieces”或“Cut the aubergine into small cubes”。
There's one common exception to this pattern; you cut something in half, not 'into'. For example: 'Cut the lemon in half,' not 'into half'.
这种模式有一个常见的例外：cut something in half，而不是“into”。例如：“Cut the lemon in half”，而不是“into half”。
Cut the radish into thin slices. Slice the radish thinly. Many words connected with cooking can be both verbs and nouns. 'Slice' is a common example.
Cut the radish into thin slices。Slice the radish thinly。许多与烹饪有关的词既可以是动词也可以是名词。“slice”就是一个常见的例子。
You can cut something into slices, or just use slice as a verb: 'Slice the cucumber', 'slice the carrots', and so on. Halve and deseed the peppers.
您可以说cut something into slices，也可以将slice用作动词：“Slice the cucumber”、“slice the carrots”等等。Halve and deseed the peppers。
'Halve' is the verb from 'half'. It's an efficient way to say 'cut something into two pieces'. You can also use 'quarter' as a verb.
“Halve”是“half”的动词。这是说“cut something into two pieces”的有效方式。您也可以将“quarter”用作动词。
For example: 'Quarter the tomato' and 'Cut the tomato into four pieces' have the same meaning. 'Deseed' means you remove the seeds.
例如：“Quarter the tomato”和“Cut the tomato into four pieces”具有相同的含义。“Deseed”表示去除种子。
With peppers, you also need to remove the pith – the white flesh on the inside. Chop the onion as finely as possible.
对于辣椒，您还需要去除髓——内部的白色果肉。Chop the onion as finely as possible。
Usually, 'chop' means to cut something into medium-sized pieces, perhaps not in a precise way.
通常，“chop”的意思是把某物切成中等大小的块，也许不是精确的。
However, if you chop something finely, you cut it into the smallest pieces possible. Dice the red pepper. 'Dice' means to cut into small pieces.
但是，如果你把某物剁得很细，你就会把它切成尽可能小的块。Dice the red pepper。“dice”的意思是切成小块。
More specifically, 'dice' means that you cut something in two directions. If you dice a pepper, you first cut it into strips, and then cut the strips into small pieces.
更具体地说，“dice”的意思是你在两个方向上切东西。如果你把辣椒切成丁，你先把它切成条，然后再把条切成小块。
Mix the ingredients together. Stir the ingredients to mix them. Here, 'mix' and 'stir' have the same meaning.
Mix the ingredients together。Stir the ingredients to mix them。在这里，“mix”和“stir”具有相同的含义。
In general, 'stir' is more specific, because it means to use some kind of implement – like a spoon – to mix whatever you're mixing.
一般来说，“stir”更具体，因为它意味着使用某种工具——比如勺子——来混合你正在混合的东西。
You can mix something with your hands, or by putting it in a container and shaking it, or in other ways. Stir fry the veggies on a high heat.
你可以用手混合，或者把它放在容器里摇晃，或者用其他方式。Stir fry the veggies on a high heat。
Turn the heat up to high and fry the vegetables, stirring continuously. Often, you can say the same thing in fewer words by using a more specific verb.
把火调大，炒蔬菜，不断搅拌。通常，你可以使用更具体的动词，用更少的词来表达同样的意思。
Both these sentences are fine and both have the same meaning, but in the first sentence you save words by using a more specific verb: 'stir fry'.
这两个句子都很好，意思也一样，但在第一个句子中，你通过使用更具体的动词“stir fry”来节省单词。
Bring the water to the boil and then add the dumplings. In cookbooks and recipes, you'll often see the phrase 'bring the water to the boil'.
Bring the water to the boil and then add the dumplings。在烹饪书和食谱中，你经常会看到“bring the water to the boil”这个短语。
This means that you boil the water, and when it starts boiling, you'll add something or do something else.
这意味着你把水煮沸，当它开始沸腾时，你会添加一些东西或做其他事情。
Turn the heat down to low and simmer the soup for twenty minutes. If you need to simmer something, you turn the heat down until it is just boiling.
把火调低，把汤煮二十分钟。如果你需要炖什么东西，你可以把火调低，直到它刚好沸腾。
There are a few bubbles, but it isn't boiling vigorously. Fry the meatballs until browned on both sides. Deep fry the potatoes and leave to dry.
有一些气泡，但沸腾得不是很剧烈。Fry the meatballs until browned on both sides。Deep fry the potatoes and leave to dry。
If you use the verb 'fry' in English, it generally means shallow-frying: when you fry something in a little bit of oil or butter.
如果你在英语中使用动词“fry”，它通常意味着浅煎：在一点油或黄油里煎东西。
Use the verb 'deep fry' if you want to talk about cooking something in boiling oil, like fried potatoes. 'Brown' is another useful verb.
如果您想谈论在沸腾的油中烹饪某物（例如炸土豆），请使用动词“deep fry”。另一个有用的动词是“Brown”。
When cooking meat, you often fry the meat first to brown it – you cook it until it is brown on the outside, but probably not cooked in the middle.
烹饪肉类时，您通常先将肉煎至焦黄——烹饪时直到外面呈棕色，但中间可能还没熟。
Pre-heat the oven to 180, then roast the chicken for around one hour. Here's a question for you: 'roast' and 'bake' both mean to cook something in the oven, but what's the difference?
将烤箱预热至180度，然后将鸡肉烤约一小时。这里有一个问题：“roast”和“bake”都表示在烤箱中烹饪某物，但有什么区别？
There are different answers to this. Technically, 'roast' means to cook something uncovered, until it turns brown.
对此有不同的答案。严格来说，“roast”是指不盖盖子烹饪某物，直到它变成棕色。
However, in everyday language, 'roast' is generally used for meat and vegetables, and 'bake' is generally used for bread, cakes, and fish.
然而，在日常用语中，“roast”通常用于肉类和蔬菜，而“bake”通常用于面包、蛋糕和鱼。
We grilled the shrimp kebabs over a charcoal fire. We cooked the shrimp kebabs on the grill.
我们在炭火上烤虾串。我们在烤架上烤虾串。
With cooking, you can often use different verbs or verb phrases to say the same thing.
在烹饪时，您经常可以使用不同的动词或动词短语来表达相同的意思。
For example, you can grill food, or cook food on the grill. You can roast food, or cook food in the oven. It doesn't matter which you use.
例如，您可以说grill food或cook food on the grill。您可以说roast food或cook food in the oven。使用哪种方式都可以。
The verb 'grill' is often used when you cook something on a barbecue, but your cooker in your kitchen might have a grill, and you can also buy electric grills to use in your kitchen.
动词“grill”通常用于烧烤时，但您厨房里的炊具可能配有烤架，您也可以购买电烤架在厨房中使用。
Blend the soup until fairly smooth. I used a hand blender to puree the sauce.
将汤搅拌至相当顺滑。我用手动搅拌机将酱汁打成泥。
You can blend something with a hand blender, like you saw here, or with a regular blender. If you blend something for a longer time, it will come out smooth.
您可以像这里看到的那样，使用手动搅拌机或普通搅拌机搅拌食物。如果您将某物搅拌更长时间，它会变得光滑。
The opposite of smooth here is 'chunky' – meaning you blend it for a short time, and there are still some solid pieces. Add a dollop of sour cream to the soup and mix it in.
这里的“smooth”的反义词是“chunky”——意思是你搅拌一小会儿，仍然会有一些固体。Add a dollop of sour cream to the soup and mix it in。
Add a spoonful of sour cream to the soup. A 'dollop' means a small amount. It's not specific, but it generally is used to mean around one spoonful.
在汤里加一勺酸奶油。“dollop”的意思是少量。它没有具体的意思，但一般用来表示大约一勺。
You can use 'dollop' for things which are between solid and liquid, like yoghurt, thick cream, sour cream, or other thick sauces.
你可以用“dollop”来表示介于固体和液体之间的物质，比如酸奶、浓奶油、酸奶油或其他浓酱。
Sprinkle with grated parmesan cheese before serving. You can might *sprinkle* something on your food before you serve it, like cheese.
上菜前撒上磨碎的帕尔马干酪。你可以在上菜前在食物上撒一些东西，比如奶酪。
Another example: you might sprinkle pepper, paprika or oregano on top of a dish once it's ready. They served the steak with green beans and corn on the side.
另一个例子：你可以在菜做好后在上面撒上胡椒粉、辣椒粉或牛至。They served the steak with green beans and corn on the side。
You can use 'on the side' for vegetables or other things which accompany the main dish. Garnish with a mint leaf and serve.
你可以用“on the side”来表示蔬菜或其他与主菜搭配的东西。Garnish with a mint leaf and serve。
A garnish is something you add mainly for decoration, to make the food look good; more attractive.
garnish主要用于装饰，使食物看起来更美味，更有吸引力。
Some garnishes are chosen for their flavour, but you might garnish a dish with something that isn't intended to be eaten.
有些装饰物是因其风味而选择的，但您可能会用一些不打算食用的东西来装饰菜肴。
You can also garnish a drink; cocktails often have a garnish. Pour the chocolate icing generously over the top. The verb 'pour' is mostly used with liquids.
您还可以装饰饮料；鸡尾酒通常有装饰物。Pour the chocolate icing generously over the top。动词“pour”主要用于液体。
You can also use the verb 'drizzle' to mean that you pour a small amount of something. For example: 'Drizzle some olive oil over the salad.'
您还可以使用动词“drizzle”来表示您倒少量的东西。例如：“Drizzle some olive oil over the salad。”
'Generous' is more often used to describe people, but you can also use it to talk about food. For example, you can have a generous portion or a generous serving.
“Generous”更常用于形容人，但您也可以用它来谈论食物。例如，您可以说have a generous portion或have a generous serving。
Here, 'generous' has the meaning of large, but in a positive way – not too large. What about you? Tell us about the last thing you cooked; how did you do it?
在这里，“generous”有大的意思，但带有积极的意思——不要太大。那你呢？告诉我们你最后做的菜；你是怎么做的？
Can you use some of the language you learned in this lesson? Write your answer in the comments and share it with us and other learners!
你能使用本课中学到的一些语言吗？在评论中写下你的答案，并与我们和其他学习者分享！
If you liked this lesson, don't forget to check out the other lessons in our Visual Vocabulary series. Thanks for watching!
如果你喜欢这节课，别忘了查看我们的视觉词汇系列中的其他课程。谢谢观看！
