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These burials seem to be communicating something about the deceased. When excavating a grave, archaeologists usually disarticulate skeletons if they plan to take them to a lab.
这些坟墓似乎要传达关于死者的某种信息。挖掘坟墓时，如果考古学家打算把骸骨带回实验室，通常会将它拆解开来。
Sereno wanted to preserve the most important and unusual Gobero figures in their striking poses, so he employed a technique paleontologists use to preserve dinosaur fossils.
塞雷诺想要把最重要、最不寻常的格伯托遗骸以原有的奇特姿势保存下来，因此采用了古生物学家用来保存恐龙化石的一种技术。
He dug trenches around some of the most interesting burials and encased them in plaster, allowing the team to remove them in situ for transportation back to his lab.
他在最有趣的一些墓葬周围挖掘沟槽，用石膏把它们包裹起来，让研究团队能以原状移动它们，运回他的实验室。
Excavating human remains is a highly sensitive subject, but there's a compelling case to be made for studying the Gobero burials in a modern lab.
挖掘人类遗骸是非常敏感的议题，不过要在现代的实验室研究格伯托的墓葬有很重要的理由。
The bones contain volumes of information, says Chris Stojanowski, a professor at Arizona State University who was part of the 2006 expedition.
克里斯·斯托贾诺夫斯基是亚利桑那州立大学的教授，也是2006年远征队成员，他说这些骨头包含大量信息。
He's been studying skeletons collected on that trip ever since.
从2006年起，他就一直研究那次远征收集的骸骨。
"You see all this?" he said to me recently on Zoom, tilting his camera to reveal stacks of books and papers. "It's all Gobero research."
“你看见这些了吗？”他最近在一次Zoom访谈中对我说，并倾斜镜头让我看见成堆的书籍和论文。“这全是格伯托的研究。”
Stojanowski analyzes skeletal remains to understand how humans interacted with their environment, what diseases they suffered, telltale signs of their lifestyle left on their bones and teeth.
斯托贾诺夫斯基分析遗骸，以了解这些人类与环境如何互动、他们罹患什么疾病、留在他们骨头和牙齿上的痕迹所透露的生活方式。
One of the most surprising things was how few injuries he found. One person had a skull fracture but had survived, because it had fully healed.
有件事非常令人惊讶，那就是他找到的伤痕非常少。有个人的头骨破裂，但活下来了，因为头骨已经完全愈合。
Then there was a woman who'd suffered a wound to her fibula that also had healed. Embedded in the bone were rock fragments consistent with what an arrowhead would leave.
有名女子的腓骨受过伤，也痊愈了。骨头里嵌入了一些碎岩石，与箭头会留下的碎片吻合。
"Otherwise," Stojanowski said, "there's no real signs of violence that I can see."
“除了这些之外，”斯托贾诺夫斯基说，“我没有看到真正的暴力迹象。”
They also don't seem to have been under significant stress from starvation, drought, or chronic illness.
他们似乎也没有因为饥饿、干旱或慢性病而承受明显压力。
As teeth form, they accumulate microscopic layers of enamel -- like how trees add new growth rings -- and periods of high stress, including trauma, are recorded by disruptions in the layers.
牙齿形成时会累积一层层的釉质，就像树木增加年轮；而压力大的时期，包括受到创伤，则会造成釉质层中断而留下纪录。
Hoping to shed light on the triple burial, Stojanowski had molars from the two children thin-sliced and reviewed microscopically; the results revealed no evidence of significant stress.
斯托贾诺夫斯基希望多了解埋着新生儿母子与少年的三人墓葬，于是将两名孩童的臼齿做很薄的切片，再用显微镜观察；结果没找到明显承受压力的证据。
Another revelation was the people didn't seem to move from place to place.
另一项发现是这些人似乎没有到处迁徙。
With nomadic individuals, you can trace their movements by matching the signature of the strontium isotopes in their teeth -- accrued from the plants and animals they ate and the water they drank -- with the strontium in the bedrock at the places they visited.
若要追溯游牧民族个体的活动，可以比较牙齿的锶同位素特征（由他们吃的动植物和喝的水累积形成）以及他们所到之处岩床里的锶元素。
But the people Stojanowski has studied at Gobero show primarily one signature. "They didn't really move much."
但斯托贾诺夫斯基研究的格伯托居民，呈现的锶同位素特征主要是同一种。“他们没有移动太远。”
Sereno has found other evidence that implies people lived year-round at Gobero. His teams have collected otoliths, the bony structures from the inner ears of fish.
塞雷诺还发现了别的证据，显示有人常年住在格伯托。他的团队收集到耳石，这是鱼类内耳的骨质构造。
Like layers of enamel in teeth, otoliths grow in tiny rings, adding a new one each season.
就像牙齿的层层釉质，耳石会呈小小的环圈生长，每一季加上新的一圈。
The outermost ring suggests when a fish was caught. The otoliths found in Gobero's middens indicate the fish were caught throughout the year.
最外侧的一圈表示一只鱼遭到捕捉的时间。在格伯托的贝冢找到的耳石，显示这里全年都在捕鱼。
One of the biggest surprises was that out of the thousands of animal bones found at the site, only a single cow bone has been identified.
最令人惊奇之处在于遗址找到的数千件动物骨头中，鉴定出的牛骨只有一件。
Why would a herding culture like the Tenereans not show more evidence of cows?
像特内里安人这样的游牧文化，为何没有出现更多牛类的证据？
Sereno believes the answer may simply be that the people who lived at Gobero weren't herders or nomads.
塞雷诺认为，答案可能很单纯，就是格伯托的居民并非放牧或游牧民族。
"Practically everything they needed was at Gobero, and they adapted their lifestyle specifically to this place."
“他们需要的所有东西都在格伯托，他们调整生活方式以适应这个地方。”
