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In this episode, I am going to tell you about three words that have similar meanings, but they also have important differences. The three words are sick, hurt, and broken. Sick, hurt and broken.
在本期节目中，我介绍三个含义相似但又有重要区别的词。这三个词分别是sick、hurt和broken。
And they are spelled s-i-c-k, h-u-r-t, and b-r-o-k-e-n. Sick, hurt, and broken.
它们的拼写分别是s-i-c-k、h-u-r-t和b-r-o-k-e-n。
Sick is a word that only refers to people and animals, and even plants. It refers to living things.
Sick这个词只指人和动物，甚至植物。它指的是生物。
If something is sick, that means that it does not feel good or it has some kind of disease or illness.
如果某物病了，那就意味着它感觉不舒服或患有某种疾病。
The important thing to know about the word sick is that it refers to the whole thing. It refers to the whole person or animal or plant.
关于sick这个词，重要的是要知道它指的是整个事物。它指的是整个人、动物或植物。
And so you can say things like, "I feel sick today," or "I think my cat is sick." But you cannot refer to only a part of somebody.
所以你可以说“我今天感觉不舒服”或“我觉得我的猫病了”。但你不能只指某人的一部分。
You cannot say, "My head is sick," or "My arm is sick," or "My stomach is sick."
你不能说“我的头病了”或“我的胳膊病了”或“我的胃病了”。
You can only use sick when you are talking about the whole creature—the whole person or animal or plant. "I am sick." "I feel sick." "My friend is sick today."
只有当你谈论整个生物——整个人、动物或植物时，你才能使用sick。“我病了。”“我感觉不舒服。”“我的朋友今天病了。”
And that brings us to one of the differences between sick and hurt.
这就引出了sick和hurt之间的一个区别。
When we use hurt, at least when we are talking about a physical kind of hurt, we refer to one piece or part of something being hurt.
当我们使用hurt时，至少当我们谈论身体上的伤害时，我们指的是某物的一部分或某部分受伤。
If something has happened to your arm or your stomach or your head or any other part of your body, you can say that that part is hurt.
如果你的手臂、腹部、头部或身体的任何其他部位出了问题，你可以说那个部位受伤了。
And that means that it has been injured in some way. Something bad has happened to it.
这意味着它在某种程度上受到了伤害。它发生了一些不好的事情。
When we use hurt, we usually talk about a part of something, not the whole thing. And so I might say, "My finger is hurt." Just a part of me. Or just a part of an animal, or even a plant.
当我们使用hurt时，我们通常谈论的是某物的一部分，而不是整个东西。所以我可能会说，“我的手指受伤了。”hurt只是形容我的一部分。或者动物的一部分，甚至植物的一部分。
And the last word in this group of words is broken. How is broken different from sick or hurt?
这组词中的最后一个词是broken。broken与sick或hurt有何不同？
Broken can refer to a part of a person. It can also refer to part of a machine or part of any thing.
Broken可以指人的一部分，还可以指机器的一部分或任何东西的一部分。
You could say that your front door is broken, or your car is broken, or your computer is broken.
你可以说你的前门坏了，或者你的车坏了，或者你的电脑坏了。
This means that the thing does not work properly. Or maybe it does not work at all.
这意味着这个东西不能正常工作。或者可能根本就不能用了。
You can also refer to a part of a person as being broken. If somebody has a very bad accident while they are skiing or something, maybe they will break their leg.
你也可以指一个人的某个部分坏了。如果某人在滑雪或做其他事情时遭遇了非常严重的事故，也许他的腿会摔断。
And they could say, "My leg is broken." And that means that the part—or something inside the part, like a bone—broke. It’s no longer in one complete piece. And it now does not work properly.
他们可能会说，“我的腿断了。” 这意味着这个部分，或者这个部分里面的某个东西，比如骨头，断了。它不再是完整的一块。现在它不能正常工作了。
And so this is what I can say as a summary about these three words:
以下就是我对这三个词的总结：
Sick and hurt only refer to living things. Sick refers to the entire living thing, and hurt refers to a part of a living thing.
sick和hurt只形容生物。sick指整个生物，hurt指生物的一部分。
And broken refers to anything that does not work anymore or does not work properly, or is no longer in one piece.
而broken指任何不再工作或不能正常工作或不再是完整的东西。
And that is sick, hurt and broken, three important and common words that you should know.
这是三个重要且常见的词，你应该知道。
