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Amid decades of expansion, Michelin has maintained that its stars transcend geography, taste and trends; that a one-star restaurant in Hangzhou can (and must) have the same value as a one-star restaurant in Hamburg or Honfleur or Hialeah.
经过几十年的扩张，米其林坚称其星级超越了地理、口味和潮流，杭州的一星级餐厅可以(也必须)具有与汉堡、翁弗勒尔或海厄利亚的一星级餐厅相同的价值。
The star system — one, worth a stop; two, worth a detour; three, worth a journey — was devised more than a century ago to guide businessmen as they motored around France on the company’s tires.
星级体系（一星表示值得停留，二星表示值得绕路前往，三星表示值得专程前往）是一个多世纪前设计出来的，最初是生意人们开着装有米其林轮胎的汽车在法国四处奔波时，为他们提供的美食指南。
Michelin inspectors are full-time employees, and are sent around the world to perform evaluations, ensuring that no inspectors can privilege relationships or preferences in their own regions.
米其林测评员是公司的全职员工，他们被派往世界各地进行评估，从而确保没有测评员可以偏袒自己本地的熟人或自己爱吃的餐厅。
The challenge for Michelin seems to be balancing the high standards that give the brand its power with the imperative to expand into markets that may not have many restaurants that meet those standards.
米其林面临的挑战似乎是要平衡其高标准和拓展市场的当务之急，其高标准赋予了这个品牌影响力，但许多市场可能没有多少符合标准的餐厅。
One way Michelin is trying to meet that challenge is adding new awards.
米其林迎接这一挑战的一个办法是增加新的奖项。
Restaurants noted for their environmental sustainability can now get a green star.
以环境可持续性著称的餐厅现在可以获得绿色星星。
Those that offer good value can earn the Bib Gourmand.
价格实惠的餐厅可以获得必比登推介。
In 2017, Michelin introduced a new category for restaurants deemed good, but not good enough for a star: briefly called Michelin Plate, but now simply Recommended.
2017年，米其林推出了一个新类别，面向被认为不错但还不足以获得一颗星的餐厅：简称为米其林餐盘，但现在只被标为"推荐"。
Already the terms “Michelin-recommended” and “Michelin-recognized” have become a common plaudit for the more than 16,600 restaurants that appear in the guide at every level.
“米其林推荐”和“米其林认可”这两个词已经成为指南中出现的16 600多家各个档次餐厅的常见赞语。
Of those, only 3,400 have stars, and just 142 have three.
其中只有3400家餐厅获得了星星，获三颗星的只有142家。
In some ways, this expanding of the honors is a win-win.
在某些方面，荣誉的扩大是双赢的。
Unlike a James Beard award or a spot on the World’s 50 Best Restaurants list, Michelin stars are something any number of restaurants can win, and keep on winning.
与詹姆斯·比尔德奖或世界50家最佳餐厅排行榜不同，获得米其林星星的餐厅数量是没有限制的，而且可以无限增加。
More restaurants in more places get to flash the Michelin credentials, and Michelin gets to expand its reach and become a more widely recognized arbiter of quality.
更多地方的更多餐厅可以夸耀自己的米其林资质，米其林也可以扩大自己的影响范围，成为更为广泛认可的质量仲裁者。
But when thousands of vaguely recommended restaurants can call themselves “Michelin” destinations, Michelin may risk diluting its brand.
但是，当米其林只是含糊其辞地推荐了成千上万家餐厅，而这些餐厅都可以自称是“米其林”餐厅时，米其林可能会有稀释其品牌的风险。
Chefs began to publicly push back against Michelin around the turn of the 21st century, rejecting what they saw as its focus on luxurious trappings like foie gras and caviar, crystal glassware and linen hand towels.
大约在21世纪之初，厨师们开始公开抵制米其林，拒绝提供他们认为米其林看重的那些奢侈装饰，如鹅肝、鱼子酱、水晶玻璃器皿和亚麻手巾等。
In 1999, the celebrated British chef Marco Pierre White renounced his three stars, citing the pressure and monotony of maintaining them, and questioning the authority of inspectors.
1999年，著名的英国厨师马尔科·皮埃尔·怀特放弃了他的三颗星，理由是维护星级的压力太大且过于单调，并质疑了测评员的权威。
Next came the 2003 suicide of the French chef Bernard Loiseau, who believed that his restaurant was being demoted from three stars to two.
紧接着是2003年法国厨师贝尔纳·卢瓦索自杀身亡，他认为自己的餐厅将从三星级降至二星级。
Recent objections have focused on the elaborate, multicourse menus that draw Michelin stars.
最近的反对意见主要针对为了获得星星而产生的菜品繁复的菜单。
They have historically relied on long hours of low-paid (sometimes unpaid) labor, raising questions about the human cost of fine dining.
制作这些菜品一直依赖长时间的低薪(有时是无偿的)劳动，这引发了人们对高档餐饮的人力成本的质疑。
Mr. Luck, the Colorado Springs chef, said the mental health costs of the restaurant business are already too high, without worrying about Michelin stars.
科罗拉多斯普林斯的主厨拉克说，就算不用为赢得米其林星星而担忧，餐饮业的心理健康成本也已经太高了。
“We have to protect the next generations,” he said, adding.
“我们必须保护下一代厨师，”他补充说，
“I worry that chasing the validation of these standards and these stars can be dangerous.”
“我担心追逐这些标准的认证和这些星星可能会带来危险。”
