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The American hemp industry was struggling in 1919.
1919年，美国的大麻产业正在挣扎。
Steam engines were replacing hemp sails, cotton was overshadowing hemp clothes, and there was not yet an industrialized mechanism to keep up with the advances of logging and alternative textile industries.
蒸汽机正在取代麻帆，棉花的风头盖过了麻衣，还没有一个工业化的机制来跟上伐木业和替代纺织业的进步。
But that year, a promising development appeared on the horizon.
但是这一年，也出现了一丝希望。
A man named G.W. Schlichten took out a patent for a machine that would reduce the labor required to produce hemp by a factor of 100.
G.W. Schlichten为一台机器申请了专利，这台机器可以将生产大麻所需的劳动力降低100倍。
Essentially it was the hemp version of the cotton gin.
从本质上说，它是轧棉机的大麻版本。
Everything was ready for an American hemp boom.
一切都为美国大麻的蓬勃发展做好了准备。
The tools were there, the crops were sown, and then, because of stoked up racist anti-Mexican and anti-Chinese fears of weed, states like California and Texas outlawed recreational use of the drug, and as a result hemp's association with its psychoactive cousin gave investors cold feet, so Schlichten wasn't able to take his plans to market.
工具已经准备好了，庄稼也播种了，然后，由于激起了种族主义者对大麻的反墨西哥和反中国的恐惧，加利福尼亚和德克萨斯等州禁止娱乐性地使用这种药物，结果是大麻与它的精神活性表亲的联系让投资者望而却步，所以施利希滕没能把他的计划推向市场。
And soon after hemp farming declined rapidly from 41,200 acres in 1917 to just 600 acres in 1929.
不久之后，大麻种植从1917年的41200英亩迅速下降到1929年的600英亩。
America's Hemp Industry was at death's door, and the final nail in the coffin was Reefer Madness propaganda campaign of the 1930s. Marijuana, the burning weed with its roots in hell.
美国的大麻产业已经到了死亡的边缘，棺材上的最后一颗钉子是20世纪30年代的"大麻狂热"的宣传运动。根在地狱里的大麻。
The campaign was rumored to have been partially driven by newspaper.
据传闻，这场运动部分是由报业大亨威廉-伦道夫（William Randolph）推动的。
Tycoon William Randolph Hearst's fear of hemp overtaking traditional paper-making operations, as well as the fossil fuel chemical company DuPont's desire to crush any resurgence of hemp that would threaten to compete with their new plastic fiber invention, nylon.
大亨威廉-伦道夫-赫斯特（William Randolph Hearst）担心大麻会超越传统的树木造纸业，以及化石燃料化学公司杜邦希望压制任何会威胁到大麻的复苏的苗头，因为那会威胁到他们的新塑料纤维发明--尼龙的竞争。
"Reefer Madness" ruthlessly villainized weed, and through association, hemp.
“大麻狂热”无情地摧毁着杂草，并通过联想，摧毁了大麻。
Steeped in racism and fear mongering, the campaign was largely a success in the eyes of its conservative creators and by 1937, the Marihuana Tax Act was implemented, which placed a heavy tax on the sales of any cannabis product, including hemp products.
在种族主义和恐惧的宣传下，这场运动在很大程度上是成功的，在其保守的创造者的眼中，到1937年，大麻税法的实施，这是对任何大麻产品的销售，包括大麻产品的重税。
The tax and the plant's stiff competition left hemp farmers withering, except for a brief period during World War Ⅱ where the U.S. government spurred the growth of hemp to create military goods and uniforms.
税收和植物的激烈竞争使麻农们萎靡不振，在第二次世界大战期间，美国政府刺激了大麻的增长，用其创造军事用品和制服。
Hemp for mooring ships; hemp for tow line; hemp for victory.
系泊船用大麻；拖绳用大麻；胜利用大麻。
By 1958, however, industrial hemp had all but gone extinct in the United States.
然而，到1958年，工业大麻已经在美国绝迹。
But now, in 2021, a new hope is growing for the American hemp industry, one that could possibly point us towards a sustainable, plant-based future with a much smaller impact on the ground and the planet.
但现在，在2021年，美国大麻产业的新希望正在增长，这有可能为我们建设一个可持续的、以植物为基础的、对土地和地球影响更小的未来。
After almost 70 years of lying dormant, the seeds of hemp are sprouting through American soils once again.
经过近70年的沉睡，大麻的种子再次在美国的土壤中发芽。
As of October 2019, 46 states in the U.S. are allowed to grow hemp for commercial purposes.
截至2019年10月，美国有46个州被允许为商业目的种植大麻。
Hemp was removed from its classification as a schedule 1 drug and now is considered a commodity crop in the eyes of the federal government.
大麻被取消了作为附表1药物的分类，现在在联邦政府眼中被视为一种商品作物。
Driven by a boom in CBD and hemp-based foods, over 148,000 acres of hemp were farmed in 2019.
在CBD和大麻食品热潮的推动下，2019年人们种植了14.8万多英亩的大麻。
And the IMarc research group predicts that the hemp market will expand by 18% by 2026.
IMarc研究小组预测，到2026年，大麻市场将扩大18%。
This is promising, but in order to truly live up to its potential, the hemp industry not only needs to develop much more quickly but also expand outside the realm of CBD.
这很有希望，但为了真正发挥其潜力，大麻产业不仅需要迅速发展，也需要扩大到CBD领域之外。
Hemp concrete, hemp fuel, hemp clothing, hemp insulation, and hemp paper could all potentially replace their current counterparts.
大麻混凝土、大麻燃料、大麻服装、大麻绝缘材料和大麻纸都有可能取代目前的同类产品。
But the question is, if hemp production is scaled up, will it actually be better than the current industrial agriculture practices or will it just be another commodity crop like corn?
但问题是，如果大麻生产规模扩大，它是否真的会比目前的做法更好，或者它只是像玉米一样的另一种商品作物？
And I feel that that plant can help us undo the mess that we've made but we have to approach it, right? You know because we will get nowhere if we continue with the same aggressive industrial behavior.
我觉得这种植物可以帮助我们消除我们所造成的混乱，但我们必须正确地对待它。因为如果我们继续采取同样激进的工业行为，我们将一无所获。
That's Winona LaDuke, co-founder of Honor the Earth, Hemp Activist, and member of the Ojibwe Nation.
这是薇诺娜·拉杜克，“尊重地球”组织的联合创始人，大麻研究者，奥吉布韦民族成员。
Here she drills down into the heart of the matter when it comes to hemp cultivation.
在这里，她深入探讨了有关大麻种植的核心问题。
While hemp is certainly more sustainable than the fossil-fuel-derived plastics or carbon hungry concrete we currently use, an industrialized hemp system could very well throw us back into the same hole we've been trying to dig ourselves out of.
虽然大麻肯定比我们目前使用的源于化石燃料的塑料或碳饥饿的混凝土更具有可持续性，但工业化的大麻系统很可能把我们扔回我们一直在努力挖掘的同一个坑里。
If we carry over our same capitalist, industrial agricultural systems into hemp farming, we're going to get a whole lot of CBD and tired soil.
如果我们把我们同样的资本主义工业化农业系统带入大麻种植，我们将得到一大堆商业地区和劳损的土壤。
A transition into a hemp economy could, however, offer a pivot point.
然而，向大麻经济的过渡可以提供一个支点。
A point that moves from extractive monocultural farming, to regenerative polycultural stewardship.
利用这个点，从采掘式的单一农业耕作，到再生式的多文化管理。
This means using appropriate technologies, no-till methods, compost, and crop rotations
这意味着使用适当的技术，免耕方法，堆肥，和作物轮作
among many other systems to not only sequester carbon, but heal the soil as well.
以及其他许多系统，不仅可以封存碳，还可以修复土壤。
And these sustainable methods are already being developed by people like Winona LaDuke, who helped establish the tribal hemp initiative through the Anishinabe Agriculture Institute.
而像薇诺娜·拉杜克这样的人已经开发出来这些可持续的方法，她通过Anishinabe农业研究所帮助建立了部落大麻计划。
Up in Northern Minnesota, LaDuke and many others are working to bring traditional hemp farming techniques in parallel with modern practices to create a thriving Indigenous-led hemp industry.
在明尼苏达州北部，拉杜克和其他许多人正在努力将传统的大麻种植技术与现代做法并行，以创造一个繁荣的土著人主导的大麻产业。
An industry the runs counter to a fossil fuel thirsty industrial agricultural by demonstrating that a more ethical world is already possible.
这个产业与渴求化石燃料的工业化农业背道而驰，证明了一个更符合道德的世界已经成为可能。
LaDuke is showing us just the tip of the iceberg, because if cultivated properly, hemp could change the world;
拉杜克向我们展示的只是冰山一角，因为如果种植得当，大麻可以改变世界。
we just have to pay attention to the soil between our toes, the land all around us, and have the courage to transition to a new agricultural system.
我们需要关注我们脚下的土壤，关注我们周围的土地，并鼓足勇气过渡到一个新的农业系统。
