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The other two main elements that really hold back nuclear are cost and safety.
真正阻碍核能发展的另外两个主要因素是成本和安全。
Combined the drawbacks of these make nuclear an infeasible solution to a swift decarbonisation of our global electrical grid.
这些缺点加在一起，使核能成为全球电网快速脱碳的不可行的解决方案。
Problem with nuclear energy is that technologically speaking it is mature etcetera it is incredibly expensive and very slow to build.
核能的问题是，从技术上讲，它是成熟的，但它的成本极其高昂，而且建设速度非常缓慢。
That's Arjendu Pattanayak, a professor in the Carleton College physics department, who teaches a class on sustainable energy policy.
这是卡尔顿学院物理系教授阿延杜·帕塔纳亚克，他讲授的是可持续能源政策课程。
And this cost is in the range of an average of nine billion dollars per plant in the US with the possibility of a plant taking up to...
在美国，建设一个核电厂的平均成本在90亿美元左右……
And it will take 30 billion and 30 years. It's an unusual number to hear for single plant.
而一个核电厂30年内要花300亿美元。这对于单个工厂来说，显然是一个不同寻常的数字。
With that kind of price tag, nuclear energy production becomes almost twice that of other fuels all while needing someone with deep pockets to finance the whole operation.
有了这样的价格标签，核能产量几乎是其他燃料的两倍，同时需要有财力雄厚的人来为整个运营提供资金。
Once a nuclear power plant is built, the energy may seem low-cost in part due to a small amount of physical fuel needed to be shipped to the plant.
一旦核电站建成，这种能源可能看起来成本很低，部分原因是需要运往核电站的物理燃料很少。
But the actual construction and decommission costs of these plants are huge financial burdens, especially when you consider that they often run over budget and way past schedule.
但这些核电站的实际建设和退役成本是巨大的财政负担，尤其是当你考虑一些超出计划的预算时。
At this point you may be thinking but what about a country like France? Doesn't it support 75% of its energy consumption with nuclear power and hasn't it done so for many years?
在这一点上，你可能会想，但是像法国这样的国家呢？难道法国能源消耗的75%不是靠核电来提供的吗？它不是已经这么做很多年了吗？
Unfortunately, France is an outlier, not the norm.
不幸的是，法国是一个异常值而不是常值（即不是每个国家都和法国一样）。
Partly this is due to France's strong nuclear initiatives and top-down political approach.
这在一定程度上归因于法国强有力的核倡议和自上而下的政治方法。
France is a top down kind of governmental system and so the bureaucrats basically call their friends in the technological world and say what we do in this in nuclear. Okay, we just kept going in.
法国是自上而下的政府体系，所以官僚们基本上是打电话给他们在科技领域的朋友，告诉他们我们在核能方面所要采取的举措。好吧，我们一直推进。
And in the US and other countries lacking clear plans for nuclear power, however, the opportunity to use nuclear as a transition fuel to solar and wind has passed.
然而，在美国和其他缺乏明确核电计划的国家，使用核能作为太阳能和风能的过渡燃料的机会已经过去。
It takes so much momentum that doesn't seem to exist for nuclear energy to have real legs.
要让核能真正站稳脚跟，需要似乎并不存在的如此巨大的动力。
Indeed, if we are trying to rapidly decarbonize an energy grid like the U.S. within the next 10 to 30 years, nuclear power just isn't the answer in terms of cost and time.
事实上，如果我们试图在未来10到30年内让诸如美国之类的国家迅速实现能源电网脱碳，就成本和时间而言，核能并不是解决问题的办法。
Part of the prohibitively slow and expensive nature of nuclear comes from safety concerns, which, when you look at death tolls, seem to be more of a product of public perception than an actual occurrence.
核电站建设极其缓慢而代价昂贵的主要原因来自安全问题，当你看到死亡人数时，这似乎更多的是公众认知的产物，而不是实际发生的情况。
Nuclear power per capita is actually the least harmful.
人均核电危害实际上是最小的。
According to mortality accumulated by Forbes, deaths caused by nuclear energy are much less when compared to coal, natural gas or even wind and solar.
根据福布斯统计的死亡率，与煤炭、天然气、甚至风能和太阳能相比，核能造成的死亡人数要少得多。
But this low death rate could be due in part to the heavy safety regulations put on nuclear power plants already.
但是，这种低死亡率的主要原因是已经对核电站实施了严格的安全法规。
Ultimately, nuclear power is a contentious source of energy as a result of both the public imagination and the complexity of its system.
归根结底，核能是一种有争议的能源，这既是公众想象力的结果，也是其系统复杂性的结果。
Nuclear requires a large chunk of initial capital and time to become a feasible source of quote/unquote clean fuel.
核能需要大量的初始资金和时间才能成为一种可行的清洁燃料来源。
A fact, which professor Pattanayak agrees with... I personally don't see nuclear roaring back.
帕塔纳亚克教授同意的一个事实是……我个人认为核能不会卷土重来。
A transition away from fossil fuels will definitely involve current nuclear power plants.
摆脱化石燃料的过渡燃料肯定会涉及现有的核电站。
But renewables like solar and wind have nowhere near reached their potential, especially once we've sorted out battery storage.
但太阳能和风能等可再生能源还远未发挥其潜力，尤其是在我们解决了电池的存储问题之后。
Not only are renewables cheap compared to nuclear, they can be produced quickly and spread widely across the globe in a decentralized fashion.
与核能相比，可再生能源不仅便宜，而且还可以快速生产并以分散的方式在全球广泛传播。
While nuclear does have the benefit of a massive power output, it is a slow and cumbersome beast.
虽然核能确实具有巨大的功率输出的好处，但它是一种缓慢而笨重的野兽。
If we are just swiftly and effectively transition away from a fossil fuel reliant grid, we have to explore other energy options.
如果我们要快速有效地摆脱依赖化石燃料的能源网络，我们就必须探索其他能源选择。
