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Of all the characters in all the Disney films the one I love the most is Jiminy Cricket from "Pinocchio."
在所有迪士尼电影中的所有角色里，我最喜欢的是《匹诺曹》里的蟋蟀杰米尼。
My favorite scene in the movie is when the blue fairy is saying to Pinocchio, "Always let your conscience be your guide."
电影里我最喜欢的场景是，当蓝仙女对匹诺曹说：“始终让你的良知作向导。”
Pinocchio asks, "What are conscience?" and Jiminy Cricket is scandalized by the question.
匹诺曹问：“什么是良知？”这个问题令蟋蟀杰米尼感到十分惊骇。
"What are conscience! What are conscience! Conscience is that still, small voice that people won't listen to.
“什么是良知！什么是良知！良知是那个人们不愿听到的静默微小的声音。
That's just the trouble with the world today."
这正是当今世界的麻烦所在。”
I love the way Jiminy Cricket is always there with a nerdy, ethical thing just as Pinocchio's coming up with some kind of good plan.
我很喜欢看到蟋蟀杰米尼，带着他呆板的道德思想，总是出现在匹诺曹有了一个好计划的时候。
I think of him as speaking truth to puppet.
我认为他在向木偶解释真理。
I always wondered what it was about Jiminy Cricket that made me love him so much and one day it hit me.
我一直想知道，是什么让我如此喜爱蟋蟀杰米尼这个角色，有一天，我突然明白了。
It was because he sounds like my grandfather. My grandfather was a very sweet and cuddly man, and I loved him to the moon and back.
这是因为他听起来很像我的祖父。我的祖父是一位非常温和、可爱的人，我非常非常敬爱他。
But I shared him with a big, wide world. His name was Roy O. Disney,
但是，我要与这个大千世界共享他。他的名字是罗伊·欧.迪士尼，
and together with his younger brother Walt Disney, he came from a very humble upbringing in Kansas
与他的兄弟沃尔特·迪士尼在堪萨斯的一个非常普通的环境中长大，
and started and ran one of the most iconic businesses in the world.
后来创建并经营了世界上最具标志性的商业品牌之一。
Two things I remember the best about going to Disneyland with my grandfather.
有两件与祖父一起去迪斯尼乐园的事给我留下了最深刻的记忆。
The first thing was he always gave me a stern warning that if I ever sassed anybody who worked there, I was in deep doo-doo when we got home.
第一件事是，他总会严厉警告我，如果我对任何一位在那里工作的人出言不逊的话，回家后我会有大麻烦。
He said, "these people work really hard -- harder than you can imagine, and they deserve your respect."
他说：“这些人工作非常努力--甚至比你想象的还要努力，他们值得你的尊敬。”
The other is that he never walked by a piece of garbage, inside of Disneyland or anywhere else, where he didn't bend over to pick it up.
另一件事是他从来不会放过一片垃圾，不论是在迪士尼乐园里，还是在其它任何一个地方，他都会弯腰把它捡起来。
He said, "no one's too good to pick up a piece of garbage."
他说：“没有谁因为太优秀而不该拾起一片垃圾。”
In Grandpa's day, a job at Disneyland was not a gig.
在我祖父的年代，迪士尼乐园的工作不是临时性的。
A person could expect to own a home, raise a family, access decent health care,
员工可以期盼拥有一座自己的房子，供养一个家庭，获得体面的医疗保险，
retire in some security without worrying on just what he earned there at the park.
安安稳稳、毫无顾虑地退休，单靠他在乐园挣的钱就可以实现。
Mind you, Grandpa fought the unions, and he fought them hard.
要补充的是，祖父曾与工会有过争执，他的态度非常坚决。
He said he didn't like to be forced to do something he wanted to do voluntarily.
他说他不喜欢被强迫去做一些他自愿做的事情。
That was rank paternalism of course and maybe even a tiny bit of BS.
那当然是十足的家长作风，甚至稍稍有些胡搅蛮缠。
He wasn't an angel, and everyone wasn't well and fairly treated across the company, something that's well-known.
他并不是一个完美的人，在整个公司里，并不是每个人都得到了良好公正的待遇，这是众所周知的。
But I think in his core he had a very deep commitment to the idea that he had a moral obligation to every human being that worked for him.
但是我认为，在他的内心，他坚守着这样一个理念，即他对每一位为他工作的人都负有道德上的责任。
That actually wasn't such an uncommon attitude for CEOs of the day.
对于那个年代的首席执行官们，这个态度其实并非罕见。
But when my grandfather died in 1971, a new mindset was beginning to take hold of the American and eventually the global imagination.
但是当祖父于1971年去世的时候，一个新的观念模式开始在美国，并最终在全球占据了了主导地位。
Jiminy Cricket got shown the door by economist Milton Friedman, among others, who popularized the idea of shareholder primacy.
蟋蟀杰米尼被经济学家米尔顿·弗里德曼请出了门，他和其他人宣传推广了股东至上的思想。
Now, shareholder primacy is a pretty reasonable idea when you think about it.
如今，想一想，股东至上是个很合理的想法。
Shareholders own the company, shareholders want profits and growth, so therefore you prioritize profits and growth. Very sensible.
股东拥有这家公司，股东想要利润和增长，所以你要优先考虑利润和增长的问题。非常合理。
But unfortunately, shareholder primacy was an idea that became a mindset and then that mindset jumped the rails,
但是，很遗憾，股东至上这个想法成为了一种观念模式，随后这个观念模式发生了突变，
and it came to fundamentally alter everything about the way companies and even governments were led and managed.
它开始从根本上改变了公司乃至政府的领导管理方式。
Milton Friedman's pivotal op-ed in the "New York Times"
《纽约时报》发表了米尔顿·弗里德曼的核心专稿，
was followed by decades of concerted organizing and lobbying by business-focused activists
在随后的几十年里，专注于商业的活动家们进行了协调一致的组织及游说活动，
along with a sustained assault on every law and regulation that had once held businesses' worst impulses in check.
并持续抨击各种曾对最恶劣的商业冲动加以控制的法律法规。
And soon enough, this new mindset had taken hold across every business school and across every sector.
很快，这个新的观念模式主导了各个商业学校和商业部门。
Profits were to be pursued by any means necessary, unions were kneecapped, taxes were slashed,
追求利润可以通过任何必要的方式来实现，工会遭到打击，税务被大幅消减，
and with the same machete, so was the safety net.
安全网络也以同样的手段遭到了破坏。
I don't need to tell you about the inequality that's been the result of these shifts. We all know the story well.
我不需要再跟大家介绍由此而造成的社会不平等。我们都很清楚这件事。
The bottom line is that everything that turns a gig into a livelihood was stripped away from an American worker.
最基本的事实是，所有将打工转化为生计的东西都被从美国劳动者身上剥去了。
Job security, paid sick days, vacation time
职业保障、带薪病假、休假时间，
all of that went away even as the wealthy saw their net worths bloat to unprecedented, and yes, unusable levels.
所有这一切都不复存在，而与此同时，富裕者却目睹了他们的净资产膨胀到前所未有的、用之不竭的水平。
Although if you're Scrooge McDuck you could change it all into gold coins and backstroke through it.
如果你是史高治·麦克老鸭的话，你可以把它变成金币，然后在里面游仰泳。
So let me just address the Dumbo in the room.
那么，下面我来谈谈迪士尼。
Yes, I am criticizing the company that bears my family's name. Yes, I think Disney can do better.
是的，我要批评一下这家以我的家族姓氏来命名的公司。是的，我认为迪士尼可以做得更好。
And I believe that many of the thousands of magnificent people who work at the Walt Disney Company
而且我相信成千上万杰出的在沃尔特·迪士尼公司工作的员工，
wish that it would do better just as much as I do.
也同我一样希望它会做得更好。
For almost a century, Disney has turned a pretty profit on the idea
近一个世纪以来，迪士尼获得了很可观的收益，它基于这样一种观念：
that families are a kind of magic, that love is important, that imaginations matter.
家庭是一种魔法，爱很重要，想象力很重要。
That's why it turns your stomach a little bit when I tell you that Cinderella might be sleeping in her car.
这就是为什么当你听说灰姑娘可能正在她的轿车里睡觉，会感到有点不舒服。
But let's be very clear: this is not just about Disney. This is structural and this is systemic.
但是我要澄清一点：这并不只关系到迪士尼。这是结构性和系统性的问题。
No single CEO on his own is culpable and no single company has the wherewithal to buck this.
没有一个首席执行官应为此承担个人负责，也没有一家公司有足够的资金来单独抵制它。
The analysts, the pundits, the politicians, the business school curricula and the social norms drive the shape of the contemporary economy.
分析家、专家、政治家、商业学校的课程以及社会准则一同驱动着当代经济的形态。
Disney is just doing what everybody else does, and they're not even the worst offender.
迪士尼只是在做所有人都在做的事，它甚至不是其中罪大恶极的一员。
If I told you how bad it was for workers at Amazon or McDonald's or Walmart, or any one of a thousand other places you've never heard of,
如果我告诉你亚马逊、麦当劳、沃尔玛，或者成千上万你从未听说过的公司的员工处境有多糟糕的话，
it's not going to hit you as viscerally as if I tell you that 73 percent, or three out of four of the people
它不会像我下面要讲的事那样刻骨铭心地触动到你，大约73%，也就是四分之三的员工，
who smile when you walk in, who help you comfort that crying baby,
对你笑脸相迎，为你安抚哭闹的孩子，
who maybe help you have the best vacation you ever have, can't consistently put food on the table.
他们可能帮你度过了一个前所未有的美好假期，却不能保证家里总是有米下锅。
It's supposed to be the happiest place on earth.
这里应该是地球上最快乐的地方。
And the people who work there take incredible pride that they pursue a higher purpose.
在那里工作的员工深感自豪，因为他们在追求一个更高的目标。
It's a higher purpose that both my grandfather and great-uncle very intentionally built
这个更高的目标正是我的祖父和伯祖父精心制定出来的，
when they made it a place that honors an interaction over a transaction.
他们当时计划是使这里成为一个尊重交流而非交易的地方。
Now, I know that a word like magic makes you wonder if I've taken leave of my senses.
我知道，类似“魔法”这样的词会让你们怀疑我是不是仍然理智。
I know it's hard to imagine that something as ephemeral as love can support a brand as big as Disney,
我知道，很难想象像爱这类转瞬即逝的东西可以支撑一个如迪士尼这样的大牌子，
and I know that it's hard to imagine that things as unquantifiable as moral obligations should have any call on us
我也知道，很难想象像道德义务这样无法量化的东西应当对我们有所诉求，
when we seek to deliver value to our investors.
特别是当我们试图向投资者兑现价值的时候。
But accounting and finance don't run the world.
但是会计和金融并不能主导这个世界。
Beliefs, mindsets -- those are what drive business ethics.
信仰、观念模式--它们才是商业伦理的驱动力。
And if we're going to change those mindsets and belief systems, we're going to have to use the most Disney superpower out there.
如果我们要改变那些观念信仰体系的话，我们就不得不使用迪士尼的超能力。
We're going to have to use our imaginations. You're going to have to invite Jiminy Cricket back to the party.
我们必须使用我们的想象力。你们一定要把蟋蟀杰米尼请回来。
Now, Jiminy Cricket might start with some low-hanging fruit, like, greed is not good,
蟋蟀杰米尼也许会从一些简单的事情开始，比如，贪婪是不好的，
like the world is not divided into makers and takers, and that nobody ever, without any help, pulled themselves up by their own bootstraps
这个世界并不是单纯的划分为制造者与攫取者，从来没有人能够不依靠任何帮助，拎着鞋把自己提起来，
if you know anything about physics you'll understand why that is.
如果你对物理有些了解的话，你就知道这是为什么。
Jiminy might remind us that every single person who works for us, without exception,
杰米尼会提醒我们每个为我们工作的人，任何人，
whether they fill out the spreadsheets or change the bedsheets, deserves the respect and dignity of living wage.
不论他们的工作是填写电子数据表格还是更换床单，都值得尊敬，值得拥有获得基础工资的尊严。
It's as simple as that. And Jiminy might wonder how managers and employees could possibly have any kind of empathy for each other
就是如此简单。杰米尼也许会困惑，经理和雇员怎么可能会彼此同情，
when their workplaces have become so segregated that it seems normal and natural
如果他们的工作场所已经变得如此分化，以至于以下种种都成了看似正常和自然的事情：
that an executive needs an especially swanky place to park or eat or go to the bathroom or that an executive is too good to pick up a piece of garbage.
行政主管需要一个特别炫酷的场所来停车、用餐、如厕，他太优秀了，以至于不该捡起一片垃圾。
We are, after all, just the one species living together on just the one planet.
毕竟，我们是同一种生物，共同生活在这个唯一的星球上。
Jiminy might ask us to question some of our dogma.
杰米尼也许会要求我们对一些教条进行质疑。
Does a CEO really need to be paid as much or more than every other CEO
一位首席执行官真的需要获得和他的同行一样或更多的薪水吗，
or is that just creating a competitive dynamic that's driving numbers into the stratosphere?
或者那只是在制造一种竞争互动以使这些数字得到飞升？
He might wonder if boards really do know all that they really need to know when they don't have frontline workers ever at their meetings.
他也许会怀疑，董事会是否真的知道他们需要知道的一切，因为从来没有一线员工出席过他们的会议。
He might ask if there's such a thing as too much money.
他也许会问，像钱太多这样的事是否存在。
Or he might wonder if maybe we can make common cause with consumers, with workers, with companies, with communities,
或者，他会想知道，我们是否可以开创一个共同的事业，与消费者，与员工，与公司，和社区一起，
for all of us to come together to redefine this incredibly narrow idea of what the purpose of a company really is.
让所有人团结起来，重新界定这个极其狭隘的关于公司真正目标的观念。
Jiminy would want us to remember that nobody works in a vacuum,
杰米尼会希望我们记住，没有人在真空中工作，
that the men and women who run companies actively cocreate the reality we all have to share.
公司的经营者们积极地共同创建了这个我们大家共享的现实。
And just like with global warming, we are, each of us, responsible for the collective consequences of our individual decisions and actions.
就像对待全球变暖一样，我们中的每一个人都应对因个人决定和行为而导致的共同后果承担责任。
I believe that the most profitable business ecosystem in the history of the world can do better.
我相信，在世界历史中最为有益的商业生态系统可以做得更好。
I believe we can take just a little bit off of the upside, take a tiny bit of pressure off the speed at which things are happening.
我相信，我们可以稍微减缓股价上升的趋势，稍稍放慢事情发展的速度。
I believe that everything we lose in the short-term
我相信，我们短期内的损失
will more than make up for itself in an expanded landscape of moral, spiritual and financial prosperity.
不仅会得到补偿，而且会在一个广阔的道德、精神和金融繁荣的格局之下得以实现。
I know what the cynics say, and it's true: you can't eat your principles.
我知道那些愤世嫉俗者会说些什么，确实，原则不能充饥。
But you can't breathe a basis point either, and neither can your children.
但是基点替代不了氧气，对你的孩子来说也一样。
I know I idolized my grandfather probably too much.
我可能把我的祖父过度偶像化了。
He worked in very different times and those are times none of us want to go back to for all kinds of good reasons.
他工作在一个非常不同的时代；出于各种充分理由，我们没人愿意重返那个时代。
I know there are a lot of CEOs today who are just as well-meaning and just as decent as my grandfather was,
如今许多首席执行官和我的祖父一样充满善意且为人正派，
but they're working at a time with very different expectations and much more cutthroat context.
但是他们的时代有着截然不同的预期和更为残酷的环境。
But here's the good news. Expectations and contexts are made and they can be unmade, too.
然而，这里有一个好消息。预期和环境都是人为创造的，它们也可以被人为复原。
There is so much to learn from the simple integrity of how my grandfather understood his job as CEO.
我们可以从简单的诚信中学到很多东西，这正是我的祖父如何理解首席执行官这一工作的。
Behind every theme park and every stuffed animal, a handful of principles governed everything.
在每个主题公园，每一个毛绒玩具的背后，是为数不多的几个原则在支配着一切。
Every single person deserves respect and dignity.
每一个人都值得获得尊重和尊严。
No one is too good to pick up a piece of garbage, and always let conscience be your guide.
没人优秀到不该拾起一片垃圾，始终让良知作你的向导。
We could all do worse than listen to Jiminy Cricket. Thank you.
我们不妨认真倾听蟋蟀杰米尼都说了些什么。谢谢。
