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But if the bacteria won't grow in the lab, how do you find out what they can do?
但是，如果细菌不能在实验室里生长，怎样才能知道它们能做什么呢？
How do you test them start with the soil?
怎么对它们进行测试呢，从土壤开始。
One of the things we've been doing is extracting the genes from the bacteria directly
我们一直在做的事就是直接从细菌中提取基因，
without culturing them first was pulling their DNA out directly from the soil.
而不是先培养它们，直接从土壤中提取它们的DNA。
And then sequencing pieces of that DNA to describe the organisms that are in that soil.
然后对DNA片段进行测序，以描述土壤中的生物。
And using that methodology, we find that most of the organisms in the soil have not yet been described.
使用这种方法，我们发现土壤中的大多数生物还没有被描述过。
The search for new microbial life has taken researchers from backyard soil to the ocean floor, to the heavens.
寻找新的微生物生命已经把研究人员从后院的土壤带到了海底，再到天空。
A meteorite from Mars has fossilized structures that look suspiciously like small bacteria.
一颗来自火星的陨石有着看起来像微小细菌的化石。
Scientists are coming to the conclusion that life may be far more common in the universe than we had supposed.
科学家们正在得出结论，宇宙中的生命可能比我们想象的要普遍得多。
Anywhere that there is liquid water there is a possibility of life.
任何有液态水的地方都有存在生命的可能性。
And we know that here on earth that's just a fundamental requirement
我们知道，在地球上这是一个基本的要求。
and in fact anywhere on earth where there is liquid water you find there is life.
事实上，地球上任何有液态水的地方都有生命。
And so the fact that on planets, such as on Mars, where you might have hydrothermal features under some of the ice floes that might make liquid water is very exciting.
因此，在火星等行星上，在一些浮冰下面可能有水热特征，能产生液态水，这让人感到非常兴奋
The experts say this is the beginning of the Golden Age of microbiology.
专家们说这是微生物学黄金时代的开始。
Industry medicine and the definition of life itself are all being changed by single-cell creatures you and I can't see.
工业医学和生命本身的定义，都在被你我看不见的单细胞生物所改变。
Everyone should look at pond water at least a few times a year, if you're a microbiologist.
如果你是微生物学家的话，一年至少应该观察池水几次。
Because now the days of technology and DNA and high-tech things, it is nice to go look in a microscope once and want.
因为，在科技、DNA和高科技的当下，进入显微镜下的世界真的很不错。
And look at that life and that diversity of life.
看看生命体和生命的多样性。
Because you can't just put it in a vacuum or look at it as a bunch of a's t's GS and C's and a chromosome that's that this is not life and itself.
因为你不能把它放在真空中，或者把它看成是一堆字母和染色体，这不是活的生命。
So you should go look upon water, everyone should look upon water and they will understand that there's much more about a feeling about what life is.
所以应该多观察水，之后就会理解的，对生命产生更多的感受。
Almost any other kind of experience they could have.
能够获得几乎所有其他类型的经验。
You've been given all the information, now it's your turn to discuss the questions.
你已经得到了所有的信息，现在到讨论时间了。
Take a moment to talk about the following:
花点时间谈谈以下几点：
How is the widespread use of antibiotics contributed to new health care problems?
抗生素的广泛使用是如何引发出新的医疗问题？
How are bacteria economically important to humans?
细菌对人类经济发展的重要性是什么？
