Within the United States and Canada, in most cultural groups and regions, the funeral rituals can be divided into three parts: visitation, funeral, and the burial service.
在美国和加拿大，在大多数文化群体和地区，葬礼仪式可分为三个部分：探视（守灵），葬礼和埋葬服务。
At the visitation (also called a "viewing" or "wake") the embalmed body of the deceased person (or decedent) is placed on display in the coffin (also called a casket). At the viewing, the friends and relations greet the more distant relatives and friends of the deceased in a social gathering with little in the way of ritual.
在守灵期间，逝者的遗体被放置在棺木中。在探视时，直系亲属向来到的其他亲友问候，这一过程没有过多的固定仪式。

visitation 探视；（丧礼前的）守夜
viewing 探视；（丧礼前的）守夜
wake 守灵；（丧礼前的）守夜
coffin 棺材，棺木
casket 棺材，棺木

The viewing often takes place on one or two evenings before the funeral.
守灵通常在葬礼前的一两个晚上进行。
The decedent's closest friends and relatives who are unable to attend frequently send flowers to the viewing, with the exception of a Jewish Funeral, where flowers would not be appropriate.
无法参加守灵的亲友通常会送鲜花以表哀思，除了犹太人的葬礼上。
A memorial service, often called a funeral and often officiated by clergy from the decedent's or bereaved's church or religion.
追悼会，通常被称为葬礼，经常由死者的教会或宗教中的神职人员主持。
Funeral services include prayers; readings from the Bible or other sacred texts; hymns (sung either by the attendees or a hired vocalist); and words of comfort by the clergy. Frequently, a relative or close friend will be asked to give a eulogy, which details happy memories and accomplishments.
葬礼服务包括祈祷;圣经或其他神圣文本的读物;赞美诗（由与会者或聘请的歌手演唱）;和神职人员的悼词。通常，会邀请一位亲戚或亲密的朋友发表悼词，叙述逝者美好的回忆和成就。
A burial service, conducted at the side of the grave, tomb, mausoleum or crematorium, at which the body of the decedent is buried or cremated at the conclusion.
在墓地的下葬仪式时，逝者的遗体被埋葬。