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BBC纪录片《文明》第8集 第11期:用武之地

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Lindauer arrived after decades of warfare,

林道尔到来时 毛利人在和英国人

in which the Maori had lost much of their land to the British.

数十年的战争中已失去大片土地

The Czech painter suddenly found his skills much in demand,

这位捷克画家突然发现自己的技艺有了用武之地

producing portraits of Maori men and women.

即为毛利人男女绘制肖像画

To begin with, the portraits

一开始 画这些肖像画是

were commissioned by European settlers

来自欧洲定居者的委托

eager to preserve a record of Maori culture for posterity.

他们希望为后人保留一份毛利文化的记录

They believed that the Maori, like the Native Americans,

他们认为毛利人和美国印第安人一样

were a dying race.

是即将消亡的民族

But the Maori didn't regard themselves as a doomed people,

然而毛利人却不认为他们的民族正走向灭亡

and by the 1890s their population was on the increase

到了十九世纪九十年代 他们的人口数在经过

after decades of decline.

几十年的衰减后开始增加

And they were absolutely determined to forge a new future

并且他们下定决心要打造一个新未来

in which their culture, their traditions,

在那时 他们的文化 传统

their language and the memories of their ancestors

语言 以及对祖先的记忆

were all to be kept alive and kept vibrant.

都得以鲜活地保存

And one of the ways they did this was by co-opting the talents

办法之一就是对戈特弗里德.林道尔的天赋

of Gottfried Lindauer

善加利用

and commissioning him to paint their portraits,

委托他为毛利人画肖像画

but on terms dictated by them, to their tastes,

但要按毛利人的要求 他们的口味

and according to how they wanted to be seen and to be remembered.

他们想如何被别人看待 被记住的方式来画

For Lindauer it didn't matter whether his commissions

对林道尔来说 委托来自于欧洲人还是

came from Europeans or from the Maori elite.

毛利人精英都无所谓

He treated both as he would any paying customer.

他对这些付钱的客户一视同仁

Artistically, the style was always resolutely European.

从艺术上来讲 这些肖像画绝对是欧式风格

But for his Maori patrons and their families,

但对于林道尔的毛利客户和他们的家人来说

Lindauer's paintings began to assume

他的画作开始具有一种

an entirely new level of meaning.

全新层次的意义

As a people who had always venerated their ancestors,

作为一个总是很崇敬祖先的民族

many Maori came to regard the portraits of Lindauer

林道尔的肖像画被很多毛利人

not just as memorials to their ancestors,

不仅当作是对祖先的纪念

but as almost living icons

而几乎是让祖先的精魂

that kept their spirit alive in the present.

在现世依旧存活的圣像

Now, today, Lindauer's portraits

如今 林道尔的肖像作品

11用武之地.jpg

are scattered all over the world,

散布于世界各地的

in museums and galleries, but some, including this one,

博物馆和画廊之中 但有一些 包括这一幅

have remained within a single family,

只在一个家族之中

passed down through the generations.

代代传承下来

This is Te Rangiotu, a Maori chieftain

这是提.朗齐欧图 一位毛利酋长

but also a successful businessman

也是一位成功的商人

重点单词   查看全部解释    
elite [ei'li:t]

想一想再看

n. 精华,精锐,中坚份子

联想记忆
assume [ə'sju:m]

想一想再看

vt. 假定,设想,承担; (想当然的)认为

联想记忆
decline [di'klain]

想一想再看

n. 衰微,跌落; 晚年
v. 降低,婉谢

 
vibrant ['vaibrənt]

想一想再看

adj. 震颤的,响亮的,充满活力的,精力充沛的,(色彩

联想记忆
warfare ['wɔ:fɛə]

想一想再看

n. 战争,冲突

 
doomed [dumd]

想一想再看

adj. 命中注定的 动词doom的过去式和过去分词

 
population [.pɔpju'leiʃən]

想一想再看

n. 人口 ,(全体)居民,人数

联想记忆
preserve [pri'zə:v]

想一想再看

v. 保存,保留,维护
n. 蜜饯,禁猎区

联想记忆
determined [di'tə:mind]

想一想再看

adj. 坚毅的,下定决心的

 
forge [fɔ:dʒ]

想一想再看

vt. 伪造,锻造
vi. 伪造,在铁匠铺工作

 

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