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While it might give you that podcast-ready, baritone voice, a sore throat is no fun at all.
虽然咽喉痛可以给你男中音般的播音腔，但是咽喉痛一点都不好玩。
And if you're looking for a quick fix, you might have already heard that you can gargle salt water.
如果你正在寻找一个权宜之计，你或许听说过可以用盐水漱口。
It turns out there is some evidence to back up the old remedy, but it's not a cure.
事实证明这个小偏方是由一定依据的，但是却不能治愈咽喉痛。
Sore throats can come from all sorts of ailments, including viral and bacterial infections.
咽喉痛可以由各种疾病引起，如病毒和细菌感染。
And while the precise causes vary, for the most part, when your throat hurts, it's because of inflammation:
虽然准确病因各种各样，但在大部分情况下，喉咙痛是由炎症引起的：
all the fun stuff like swelling, pain, and redness that happen when your immune system is activated in a particular part of your body.
当你身体某一部分的免疫系统受到刺激，就会出现肿胀、疼痛和发红。
Gargling with warm saltwater is one of those remedies that's so commonly known and loved by doctors
用温盐水漱口是最常见的、也是备受医生喜爱的药方之一
that there actually isn't all that much science done on it.
但这其实并没有多少科学依据。
But it's not considered harmful, and there are a couple of reasons why it might make you feel a little bit better.
但是这种方法被认为是无害的，由于一些原因，它还能让你感觉好一些。
It probably reduces swelling, for example. Swelling is simply the accumulation of fluid during inflammation,
例如，它可以减轻肿胀。肿胀是由炎症期间液体的积累所引起的，
which can cause soreness from all the extra pressure, or from your cells uncomfortably rubbing up against each other.
由于额外的压力或是细胞相互地摩擦而造成喉痛。
And it's well established that saltwater can bring fluid out of your cells through a process known as osmosis.
可以确定的是，盐水可以通过渗透将液体排除细胞之外。
See, when you put solutions with few dissolved particles in contact with solution with lots of them,
当你将含有一些溶解颗粒的溶液和含有很多颗粒的容易相接触时，
water wants to move to balance the concentrations out.
为了平衡浓度，水会移动。
And the salty water you gargle with, usually a half a teaspoon of salt per cup of water,
你用来漱口的盐水，通常是每杯水半勺盐，
is saltier than the fluids in the tissue of your inflamed throat.
比发炎咽喉组织中的液体更咸。
So, it's believed that it draws some of the water out, thereby relieving some of the soreness associated with swelling,
所以据信，这样可以将一些水排出去，因而缓解了与肿胀相关的喉痛，
and maybe even flushes out some of the viruses or bacteria causing you harm.
甚至可能将导致疼痛的病毒或细菌冲刷出去。
The warmth of it may also come into play, as lots of studies have found that heat relieves pain,
盐水的热度也起到了作用，很多研究已经发现热度可以缓解疼痛，
though it's not entirely clear why that is. And there may be even more to it.
虽然其原因并还不完全清楚。或许不仅如此。
A study in 2016 showed that a salt water rinse could also increase certain proteins that help heal inflamed tissue.
一项2016年的研究表明盐水冲洗也可以增加某种帮助治愈发炎组织的蛋白质。
But, this experiment was done in human cells in Petri dishes, not in people.
但是这一实验是在培养皿中的人类细胞中进行的，并没有对人进行试验。
In the end, we need more robust research to really determine exactly what warm saline water does to relieve a sore throat.
最后，我们需要更多强有力的研究确定温暖的盐水如何缓解喉咙痛。
But one thing seems clear: it doesn't actually get rid of any underlying cause.
有一件事是清楚的：它并不能摆脱任何根本原因。
So you might want to take that gargling advice with a grain of salt. Thanks for asking, Kendra!
所以你可能想要对漱盐水这种建议持保留态度。感谢Kendra的提问！
And thanks to all of our patrons who voted for this question in our poll.
感谢所有为这个问题投票的赞助人。
If you want to pose questions like this that we might answer with an episode,
如果你想提问让我们回答，
or just help support what we do here at SciShow, you can learn more about becoming a patron at Patreon.com/SciShow
或是帮助支持《科学秀》，你可以登陆Patreon.com/SciShow了解如何成为赞助人。
