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Hey there and welcome to Life Noggin. Aww i'm baby Blocko now! How adorable!
大家好！欢迎来到脑洞大开的生命奇想！哇，我现在是宝高宝宝，好可爱！
Talking with other people is pretty important to a lot of my friends out there in the human world.
对我很多的人类朋友来来说，与人聊天是一件非常重要的事情。
It’s how many of you communicate with each other, from meeting up face-to-face to talking over the phone.
现在你们很多人在交流，从面对面交谈到打电话交谈。
But every now and then I wonder about what if suddenly one day you couldn’t speak anymore. Could something like that ever happen?
但是我时不时的会想知道假如有一天再也不能讲话了会怎么样。像这样的事情会发生吗？
Well, let’s start with how a person talks in the first place.
首先，我们来聊聊一开始人是如何讲话的。
In order for you to speak, your brain needs to be able to quickly move everything from your lips and your jaw, to your tongue and your voice box.
为了让你说话，你的大脑需要能够快速控制很多部分，从你的嘴唇和下巴，到你的舌头和你的喉头和声带。
And it’s not just one single area in your brain that’s in charge all of this —
而且并不是你大脑的单一区域控制这一切的发生的
a recent study has found that speech sounds seem to come from coordinated motor patterns involving multiple parts of your brain. So it’s a team effort! Woo go team!
最近的一项研究发现，声音的产生似乎是一种涉及大脑多个部分运作的协调运动模式。所以这是一个团队工作!加油团队!
But sometimes there are things in life that can put your ability to speak on the sidelines, like with what happens with aphasia.
但是有时候生活中有些事情会让你处于不能说话的边缘，比如失语症。
Aphasia is a disorder in which damage to parts of your brain, often on the left side, impairs your ability to talk and even understand what other people are saying.
失语症是一种大脑部分受损(通常是左侧)的疾病，它会损害你说话甚至理解别人说话的能力。
It can also affect your ability to read and write.
失语症也可影响你阅读和写作的能力。
The condition can occur suddenly, usually after something like a stroke, but it can also happen from things like a brain tumor or a severe blow to the head.
人患失语症的情况可突然发生，常常发生在人中风之后。但是像脑瘤或头部遭遇重击等情况也可导致失语症的发生。
There are different types of aphasia, and different levels of how much they can affect your speech—
失语症有几种不同的类型，也会不同程度地影响人的说话能力。
from a difficulty repeating words to having trouble naming objects — but the most severe form is called global aphasia.
从难以重复单词到难以说出物体的名字，但最严重的情况是完全性失语。
In these cases, your verbal communication abilities are extremely limited.
在这些情况下，你的言语交际能力极度受损。
You might only be able to understand a tiny bit of what other people are saying, if anything at all, and you might not be able to speak any recognizable words back.
如果有的话，你可能只能听懂别人说话内容的很一小部分，而且你可能不能说出任何可识别的词。
People with this condition also typically can’t read or write.
患失语症的人通常也不能阅读或写作。
So if you were to get aphasia, especially if it was global aphasia,
所以如果你得了失语症，尤其是完全性失语的话，
it’s possible that it would be like waking up one day and not having the ability to effectively speak anymore.
这有可能就像某天醒来却再也不能说话一样。
And aphasia’s not the only thing that could take away your ability to speak like you used to.
失语症并不是唯一会让你丧失说话能力的情况。
There’s also psychogenic aphonia, where you can have vocal loss that’s thought to stem from psychological factors.
还有一种情况叫做精神性失音，在这种情况下，你遭遇了据说是心理因素导致的失音。
But with either of these conditions, it looks like there are ways to overcome them, at least to some degree.
但是对于这两种情况，似乎有一些方法可以克服它们，至少在某种程度上。
Patients with aphasia can have speech-language therapy sessions to help improve their ability to communicate,
失语症患者可以通过语言治疗来提高他们的沟通能力，
and a study on psychogenic aphonia has shown that people can usually make a full recovery of their voice after not speaking for a while!
而且有一项关于精神性失音的研究发现，精神性失音患者在一段时间失音后常常是可以痊愈的！
In the study, researchers looked at 22 psychogenic aphonia patients
在这项研究中，研究人员选取了22名精神性失音患者进行研究，
and found that 21 of them regained their ability to speak after bouts of vocal loss that had ranged from an average of a couple months, to about 3 years.
他们发现，有21名患者在经历平均失音时间从几个月到三年不等的时间后，又重获了说话的能力。
So you might lose your voice for some time, but at least in those cases, it looks like you could get it back.
所以你可能会在一段时间内失声，但至少在那些情况下，似乎你可以重获了说话的能力。
Now, if you were used to talking, and suddenly one day couldn’t anymore, you might not be able to do things as well as you could before.
现在，如果你习惯了说话，突然有一天你不能再说话了，你可能就不能像以前那样做事了。
That’s because when you perform a task, it’s common to say what you’re doing out loud — basically giving yourself verbal instructions on what to do.
这是因为当你执行一项任务时，你通常会大声说出你在做什么——基本上就是给自己一个口头指示，告诉自己要做什么。
Turns out, that’s pretty helpful! In a 2012 study, researchers looked at how a person performed on tasks
事实证明，这很有帮助!在2012年的一项研究中，
when they were given instructions to either silently read to themselves versus when they read the instructions aloud.
研究人员观察了一个人在默读指令的时候或者大声读指令的时候是如何完成任务的，
They found that saying the instructions out loud improved a person’s performance over when the tasks were done in silence.
他们发现，相比默读指令去完成任务，大声说出指令可以提升一个人的表现。
They also found that relevant verbal instructions boost your concentration on task goals when you’re doing multiple things.
研究人员还发现，当你同时做多件事情的时候，进行相关的口头指示可以提升你对任务目标的注意力。
So there might be more to think about than just losing your ability to speak if you had a condition like aphasia or psychogenic aphonia.
所以关于一个人患了失语症或者精神性失音的情况，除了仅仅考虑失去说话能力外，可能还有其他值得思考的方面。
Have you ever known someone with any of these conditions? Let me know in the comment section below, or tell us, what should we talk about next?
有没有你认识的人出现过上述情况呢？请在下面评论区告诉我们吧，或者告诉我们下期应该讨论些什么？
Curious to know what you'd experience if your headache never went away? Check out this video!
想知道当你的头痛难以消除的时候你在经历些什么吗？看看这个视频吧！
The pain will often manifest itself as an intense throbbing or pulsing sensation on one or both sides of your head.
疼痛往往表现为一种在你的头部一侧或两侧的剧烈的悸动或跳动的感觉。
As always, my name is Blocko, this has been Life Noggin, don't forget to keep on thinking!
我是宝高，这里是脑洞大开的生命奇想。思考不要停！
