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经济学人:中美军事误解(3)

时间:2018-12-29 06:23:00 来源:经济学人编辑:Magi 可可英语APP下载 | 可可官方微信:ikekenet

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Part of the problem is the way that China's armed forces work.
部分问题在于军队的工作方式。

The Communist Party is present throughout the military hierarchy.
政治存在于军队的各个阶层。

Its political commissars often wield as much power ascommanders who are genuine soldiers.
其政治委员通常和真正的士兵指挥官一样拥有同样多的权力。

Especially at higher levels, Chinese officers can move only at the speed of a committee.
特别是在高层，官员只能以委员会的速度行动。

But that is no excuse for China's habit of unplugging the phone.
但这并不能成为拔掉电话习惯的借口。

Swift communication may not end acrisis, but it can certainly reduce the danger of tensions flaring up over a misunderstanding.
迅速的沟通可能不会结束激烈的争吵，但它肯定能减少因误解而引发紧张局势的危险。

Mercifully, when Barack Obama was president, the two countries managed to establish some rules for managing close encounters between their ships and planes.
幸运的是，当巴拉克·奥巴马担任美国总统时，两国设法制定了一些规则，管理两国船只和飞机之间的近距离接触。

That has led to fewer near collisions in the air and at sea.
这减少了空中和海上的近距离碰撞。

But that still falls short.
但这仍然不够。

China's relentless beefing up of its military forces has created an urgent need for wider-ranging agreements.
不断加强军力，迫切需要达成更广泛的协议。

Pentagon officials say China is arming its air force with nuclear weapons.
美国政府官员说，正在用核武器武装其空军。

That would give China a complete "triad" of nuclear weaponry, launchable from the air, land and sea.
这将形成一个完整的“三位一体”的核武器，可以从空中、陆地和海上发射。

Yet the two armed forces have not held nuclear talks in over ten years.
然而，两军已经10多年没有举行过核谈判。

Even the Soviet Union agreed to give warnings about ballistic-missile tests.
甚至苏联也同意对弹道导弹试验发出警告。

On a visit to Washington, DC, in November China's defence minister, Wei Fenghe, said that communication must be strengthened.
去年11月，中国国防部长魏凤和在访问华盛顿时表示，必须加强沟通。

It is good that China recognises this.
认识到这一点是件好事。

But all too often the country lets pique over unconnected business disrupt military contacts.
但是这个国家经常因为没有联系的商业活动而发怒，破坏军事联系。

In 2018 it cancelled multiple high-level talks, including an embryonic dialogue between senior military officers.
2018年，朝鲜取消了多次高层会谈，包括高级军官之间尚处于萌芽阶段的对话。

Not since the cold war has it been so crucial for global peace for two defence establishments to talk.
自冷战以来，两家防务机构的对话从未对全球和平如此重要。

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Part of the problem is the way that China’s armed forces work. The Communist Party is present throughout the military hierarchy. Its political commissars often wield as much power ascommanders who are genuine soldiers. Especially at higher levels, Chinese officers can move only at the speed of a committee. But that is no excuse for China’s habit of unplugging the phone. Swift communication may not end acrisis, but it can certainly reduce the danger of tensions flaring up over a misunderstanding.

部分问题在于军队的工作方式。政治存在于军队的各个阶层。其政治委员通常和真正的士兵指挥官一样拥有同样多的权力。特别是在高层，官员只能以委员会的速度行动。但这并不能成为拔掉电话习惯的借口。迅速的沟通可能不会结束激烈的争吵，但它肯定能减少因误解而引发紧张局势的危险

Going ballistic

勃然大怒

Mercifully, when Barack Obama was president, the two countries managed to establish some rules for managing close encounters between their ships and planes. That has led to fewer near collisions in the air and at sea. But that still falls short. China’s relentless beefing up of its military forces has created an urgent need for wider-ranging agreements. Pentagon officials say China is arming its air force with nuclear weapons. That would give China a complete “triad” of nuclear weaponry, launchable from the air, land and sea. Yet the two armed forces have not held nuclear talks in over ten years. Even the Soviet Union agreed to give warnings about ballistic-missile tests. The Chinese refuse to consider such a confidence-building measure,despite the growing importance of missiles to both countries.

幸运的是，当巴拉克•奥巴马担任美国总统时，两国设法制定了一些规则，管理两国船只和飞机之间的近距离接触。这减少了空中和海上的近距离碰撞。但这仍然不够。不断加强军力，迫切需要达成更广泛的协议。美国政府官员说，正在用核武器武装其空军。这将形成一个完整的“三位一体”的核武器，可以从空中、陆地和海上发射。然而，两军已经10多年没有举行过核谈判。

On a visit to Washington, DC, in November China’s defence minister, Wei Fenghe, said that communication must be strengthened. It is good that China recognises this. But all too often the country lets pique over unconnected business disrupt military contacts. In 2018 it cancelled multiple high-level talks, including an embryonic dialogue between senior military officers. Not since the cold war has it been so crucial for global peace for two defence establishments to talk.

去年11月，中国国防部长魏凤和在访问华盛顿时表示，必须加强沟通。认识到这一点是件好事。但是这个国家经常因为没有联系的商业活动而发怒，破坏军事联系。2018年，朝鲜取消了多次高层会谈，包括高级军官之间尚处于萌芽阶段的对话。自冷战以来，两家防务机构的对话从未对全球和平如此重要。

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重点单词		查看全部解释
misunderstanding	['misʌndə'stændiŋ]	想一想再看 n. 误会，误解 misunderstand的
wield	[wi:ld]	想一想再看 vt. 行使，运用，支配，挥舞，使用(武器等)	联想记忆 X 单词wield 联想记忆： unwieldy（adj 笨拙的），un不，wield使用，y：不会使用的
military	['militəri]	想一想再看 adj. 军事的 n. 军队	联想记忆 X 单词military 联想记忆： mili米粒，吃米粒长大的人－军人
pique	[pi:k]	想一想再看 n. 生气，愤怒 v. 伤害 ... 自尊心，激怒	联想记忆 X 单词pique 联想记忆： piqu刺－刺激得愤怒pi屁股，que缺：屁股缺了一块－生气
hierarchy	['haiərɑ:ki]	想一想再看 n. 等级制度，层级[计]，统治集团	联想记忆 X 单词hierarchy 联想记忆：原指：希腊神话中天使的级别或等级hier神圣的，archy统治－神圣的统治－阶层；等级制度
senior	['si:njə]	想一想再看 adj. 年长的，高级的，资深的，地位较高的	联想记忆 X 单词senior 联想记忆： sen年老+ior表形容词，“较…的”→年长的
genuine	['dʒenjuin]	想一想再看 adj. 真正的，真实的，真诚的	联想记忆 X 单词genuine 联想记忆： genu=birth出生，产生+ine→产生→来源清楚→真正的，纯正的
relentless	[ri'lentlis]	想一想再看 adj. 无情的，冷酷的，残酷的	联想记忆 X 单词relentless 联想记忆： relent宽厚+less表形容词,""无…的,不…的”→无情的
global	['gləubəl]	想一想再看 adj. 全球性的，全世界的，球状的，全局的	联想记忆 X 单词global 联想记忆：北京有一个global的厅
multiple	['mʌltipl]	想一想再看 adj. 许多，多种多样的 n. 倍数，并联	联想记忆 X 单词multiple 联想记忆： multi很多,很多+pile→多的→多样的;多功能的