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150,000 people are going to die today.
今天将会有15万人离开这个世界。
And one of the brutally unfair realities of life is that where you are born can dramatically change how and at what age you die.
而残酷的生活现实之一就是，出生的地方会严重影响人们的死亡方式和死亡年龄。
There's a really fascinating measurement called “years of life lost”, which measures how many years shy of the realistic life expectancy people die.
有一个非常有意思的测量名为“寿命损失年”，它测量的是人们实际死亡时的年龄与预期寿命之间的差距。
So if a person can hope to live to age 86 but then die in a car accident at age 21,
比如，如果一个人本来有希望活到86岁，结果却在21岁那年死于车祸了，
those 65 years are considered “lost years of life” due to car accidents.
那剩下的那65年就被认为是车祸引起的“丧失的生命年头”。
It's basically a way to measure why people are dying early.
它基本上就是一种衡量人们为什么会早逝的测量方法。
Hundreds of researchers from around the world collaborated to collect and analyze that data for each country, and the result is this map.
来自世界各地的数百名研究人员合力收集和分析了每个国家的数据，将结果绘制成了这样一幅地图。
It shows the leading cause of early death in each country for 2013.
地图显示了2013年每个国家的人民早逝的主要原因。
Look at Africa.
看看非洲。
People die early here mainly because of infectious diseases like Pneumonia, Malaria, and Diarrhea, which are easily treated in places with stronger health infrastructures.
这里的人们早逝的主要原因是肺炎，疟疾和腹泻等在医疗基础设施较好的地方轻松就能治疗的传染性疾病。
And people are dying young in these places: 4 out of every 10 deaths in these poor countries are among people under 15.
而且，这里的人们很年轻就去世了：在这些贫穷的国家，每10个去世的人中就有4个人是还不到15岁就去世了的。
Meanwhile in Saudia Arabia.
现在我们来看沙特。
Even though half of the population is forbidden to drive, traffic accidents are the number one cause of lost years of life.
尽管沙特有一半的人口是被禁止开车的，但交通事故仍然是造成这个国家的人寿命折损的核心原因。
There's a big trend among young guys to see how crazy they can get on the road.
他们的年轻人还掀起了一股看自己在路上能有多疯狂的潮流。
Between that and the lax speed limit enforcement, 19 people die every day on Saudi roads.
这种潮流加上沙特宽松的限速执法导致每天都有19个人死在沙特公路上。
It's the same problem facing young guys in neighboring countries.
沙特周边国家的年轻人也面临着同样的问题。
Over in Venezuela, 25,000 people were killed in homicides last year making violence the leading cause of years lost.
在委内瑞拉，去年有2.5万人在杀人案中丧生，暴力成了这个国家的人民寿命折损的主要原因。
Only around 8% of crimes are prosecuted, so gang violence usually goes unchecked.
然而，只有大约8％的犯罪行为被起诉，这个国家的帮派暴力往往都没有受到法律的制裁。
It's a similar situation in neighboring Colombia.
旁边的哥伦比亚也是如此。
Syria, where a bloody conflict rages on, war was the leading cause of lost life.
在爆发了血腥冲突的叙利亚，战争是人们寿命折损的主要原因。
In China, a lot of people are dying from stroke.
而在中国，很多人都是死于中风。
This is actually an indicator of a major transition in the region.
这一问题世界上也充分说明了该地区的一个重大转型。
As the economy in China has industrialized and surged over the past 3 decades,
随着中国经济在过去三十年里逐渐走上工业化和产值激增的道路，
infectious diseases like the ones we saw in Africa, dropped dramatically due to better health infrastructure.
因为有了更好的医疗设施，我们在非洲看到的那些传染性疾病问题在中国急剧下降。
But a stronger economy means eating more fat and sugar, moving less, and breathing in a lot more air pollution.
然而，更强劲的经济意味着人们会摄入更多的脂肪和糖，减少运动同时吸入更多的空气污染物。
Plus they are living longer.
同时也意味着人们的寿命变得越来越长。
All of these factors increase the likelihood of stroke.
所有这些因素都会增加中风的可能性。
Then there's the wealthier countries, where heart disease is the number one cause of early death.
接下来是相对比较富裕的国家，在这些国家，心脏病是早逝的头号原因。
Strangely, it's actually the sign of the privilege of old age since heart disease is generally considered an age-related disease.
奇怪的是，它实际上是老年特权的标志，因为心脏病通常被认为是与年龄有关的疾病。
See, in poor countries, the biggest threat is diseases that kill people early on in life.
发现没，在贫穷的国家，最大的威胁是年纪轻轻就结束人们的生命的疾病。
But in rich countries, death typically comes after a much longer life, even if it is earlier than the life expectancy.
但在富裕国家，死亡通常发生在很久很久以后，即便仍然早于预期寿命。
So the good news is that, overall, “years of life lost” are decreasing in almost every category worldwide.
所以，好消息是，总体而言，世界范围内，无论是哪类国家，其“寿命损失年”都在减少。
People are living longer overall.
人们的整体寿命是比以前更长了。
So even though all of this talk about death seems kind of depressing, it's actually really good news.
所以，虽然上面那些关于死亡的讨论似乎有点儿令人沮丧，但实际上也是很好的好消息。
