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The exotic pet trade makes for great Instagramming.
异域宠物买卖成就了一批Instagram网红。
But people with weird pets are seriously messing up the environment and costing us millions of dollars in the process.
然而，事实上，那些养奇怪宠物的人对环境造成了严重的破坏，耗费了我们国家数百万美元的修复资金。
Hello, everyone, I'm Trace (as you may know) and today we have a special guest from Shed Science, Sally Le Page.
大家好，我是Trace（你可能已经认识我了），今天，我们请来了一位Shed Science栏目的特邀嘉宾Sally Le Page。
Hi, Sally. Hello, thanks for having me. Welcome.
你好，Sally。你好，感谢你的邀请。欢迎欢迎。
Every year pet owners are faced with the dilemma of what to do with unwanted companions.
每年，铲屎官们都面临着如何处理他们已经不想要的小伙伴的问题。
In Boulder, Colorado, a handful of goldfish were released into a local lake and now there are thousands of them.
在科罗拉多州的博尔德，几条金鱼被放到了当地的湖里，如今，那个湖里已经繁殖出了数千条金鱼。
Goldfish are actually carp, like the well-known coy carp.
和锦鲤一样，金鱼实际上也是鲤鱼的一种。
They're native to Japan so they've got no natural predators here in the US.
它们原产于日本，于是，它们在美国就没有了天敌。
They could be carrying viruses and if they escape lakes and head downstream they could out-compete native fish, some of which are already threatened.
它们可能携带有病毒，一旦它们从那些放生的湖里逃了出来并游到了下游，就可能淘汰下游的当地鱼类，其中一些目前已经受到威胁了。
You may think of him as cute little Mr Bubbles. What harm could he possibly do?
你可能觉得……它只是个可爱的泡泡先生，能有什么危害呢？
But removing these species costs the government a lot of money and time, and it's not just our goldfish.
然而，除掉这些物种要消耗政府很多的资金和时间，问题是，我们不仅仅有金鱼啊。
In 1890, a fan of William Shakespeare named Eugene Shefflin wanted to bring the birds from Shakespeare's works into his home of New York.
1890年，一位名叫尤金·谢弗林的莎士比亚粉丝想把莎士比亚作品中的鸟儿引入他纽约的家中。
He released a hundred starlings that are native to Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia into Central Park.
后来，他在中央公园放飞了一百只原产于欧洲，亚洲，非洲和澳大利亚的椋鸟。
And by 1928, those 100 beds had bred so much that the population reached the Mississippi River.
到了1928年，这100只椋鸟繁殖的后代已经多得连密西西比河都有这种鸟了。
By 1942, they had spread all the way to California,
到1942年，它们已经一路繁殖到了加州，
forming flocks of as many as a million hungry birds driving off native species like bluebirds and woodpeckers.
规模如此之大，足有一百万只饥饿的椋鸟在加州觅食，蓝鸟和啄木鸟等当地物种都被它们赶走了。
And today there are an estimated 200 million starlings flying around North America,
如今，据估计，有将近2亿只椋鸟盘旋在北美的天空，
costing eight hundred million dollars in damage to agriculture every year and unknown millions in damage to the airline industry through bird strikes.
每年造成的农业损失高达8亿美元，飞鸟袭击造成的航空损失就更不计其数了。
They even caused a plane crash in 1960.
1960年的飞机失事事件也是它们造成的。
It's not just the waterways and skies harboring introduced species. Oh, no, no, no.
被迫接受外来物种的并不仅仅是天空和水域。不不不。
There are two states which bear the brunt of these animals: Florida and Hawaii.
说到这类动物，有两个州是首当其冲的受害者，它们就是佛罗里达州和夏威夷州。
In a 20-year Florida study, they found 56 different non-native species completely established in America's favorite little dangly state.
在一项为期20年的佛罗里达研究中，研究人员们发现了56个已经在这个最受美国人欢迎的小州上落地生根的物种。
Pythons are a well-known invader but what about the newest reptilian invader: the Argentine tegu?
蟒蛇是一种众所周知的入侵者，那最新的爬虫类入侵者“阿根廷泰加”呢？
This black-and-white lizard is just starting to breed and spread into parts of the state.
这只黑白相间的蜥蜴才刚刚开始在这个州繁殖扩散。
How did it get there? Exotic pet release.
那它是怎么到了佛罗里达的呢？答案是异域宠物放生。
Their study found eighty-four percent of all introduced species in Florida came from exotic pets.
他们的研究发现，佛罗里达州所有引进物种中有84%都是异域宠物放生产生的。
Tegus grow up to four feet in length and lay 35 eggs a year.
泰加可以长到4英尺（约1.2米）长，每年能产下35个卵。
Once established, they'll compete with feral cats and dogs, as well as native animals like raccoons.
一旦安定下来，它们就会和野猫，野狗以及包括浣熊在内的本土动物竞争。
Florida is also home to wild hogs.
佛罗里达州也是野猪的家园。
Not that better-than-expected John Travolta movie. No.
你说的不是约翰·特拉沃尔塔那部超出预期的电影（《荒野大飚客》）吧。不是。
Literally, wild pigs. Yeah.
就是字面意思野猪吗。是的。
The hogs were introduced in the 1500's by the Spanish.
这些野猪是16世纪西班牙人引入到美洲的。
But Europeans have their invaders, too, like the red-eared slider or Terrapin.
不过，欧洲人也有他们的入侵者，比如红耳彩龟，又名淡水龟。
It's from the Mississippi Valley but it's been found as far away as Europe and Asia.
这种龟原产于密西西比河谷，但远至欧洲和亚洲等地都已经发现了它们的身影。
The red-eared slider females are larger than most native turtles, so they can out-eat, out-mate, and out-breed.
雌性红耳彩龟比大多数本地雌龟都大，吃得也更多，与异性交配的机会也更大，繁殖的能力也更强。
And apparently most male native turtles like the larger ladies.
显然，大多数本地雄龟都喜欢体型更大的女孩子。
And indeed who wouldn't?
说实在的，又有谁不喜欢呢？
You see, bigger females make more eggs, so of course they're more attractive to the males.
毕竟，雌龟体型更大意味着产卵更多，吸引力当然大了。
As years go by, more and more non-native species get spread around, even trees.
随着岁月的流逝，越来越多的非本地物种四处传播，连树木也不例外。
The Norway maple, a beautiful tree, grows so fast and has such dense shade it displaces native trees, shrubs, and herbs, as well as flowers, which affects the native forest life.
挪威枫是一种非常漂亮的树，但它生长十分迅速而且十分密实，以致于原生树木，灌木和草本植物都被它取代了，生活在当地森林里的动物也因此受到了影响。
And trees are essential for some species of forest life,
树木对某些森林生物而言就是它们的生活必需品，
and the Norway maple out-competes native maples for resources,
挪威枫夺走了当地枫树的资源，
causing the native tree populations to die and affecting the animals that live in and around them.
导致当地枫树的死亡，还影响到生活在其中及其周边的动物。
Just don't plant them.
这种树大家压根儿就不应该种。
But if you aren't into cutting down beautiful maple trees, even if they are invasive,
不过，即便你不忍心砍掉那些美丽的枫树，虽然它们明明就是入侵的物种，
you could help by getting an environmentally friendly car.
你还是可以通过购买环保汽车来为环境保护出一份力。
The new Toyota Mirai is looking to the future with sustainability in mind, fueled by hydrogen and leaving zero-emissions behind.
新款丰田Mirai放眼未来，以可持续发展为念，采用了氢气驱动，实现了零排放。
Now that California and other southwestern regions are beginning to react to this massive drought,
如今，加州和其他西南地区都已经开始行动起来，应对这次的大型旱灾了，
chances are we'll see more native plants and landscaping that require less water and are more suited to our habitat.
未来，我们很可能能看到更多对水的要求更低，更适合我们的栖息地的本土植被和景观。
That's probably good.
那应该挺好的。
There are solutions to the drought, but desalination isn't going to do it.
解决干旱问题不是没有办法，但淡化海水是行不通的。
For more on that, check out Julian's video here.”
具体原因，请查看Julian这里的视频。
"It can only make ten percent of the county's needs
“这个办法只能满足这个国家10%的需求，
and it'll use a lot of energy because it's forcing pressurized water through a membrane to separate the water from the salt in a process called reverse osmosis.”
并且它要消耗大量的能源，因为要通过一张膜强行给水加压让水与盐分离，这一过程即‘反渗透’。”
And thank you for watching.
感谢大家的收看。
Also, you can come find Sally ...where can they come find you?
最后，大家可以去，哎，大家要去哪里看你的视频呢？
They can come find me on youtube.com/shedscience.
大家可以访问youtube.com/shedscience网站找到我噢。
Thanks for coming. Thanks! Bye.
谢谢你能来！谢谢你！再见。
