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A man by the name of Thomas Szasz published a book in 1961 called, The Myth of Mental Illnesses,
1961年，托马斯·萨斯出版了一本名为《精神疾病的神话》的书，
discussing his believe that mental illnesses were unnecessary diagnosis used to excuse the behavior of moral and socially deficient people.
书中讨论到他相信精神病并不是作为道德和社会缺陷行为借口的必要诊断。
Some people still have this view of mental illnesses,
一些人仍然对精神病持有这种观点，
but the majority of the public have gotten to understand over the years what a mental illness is really about.
但多年来大多人慢慢对精神病有了真实的理解。
Although we have come to a better understanding of it,
虽然我们对精神病有了更好的了解，
there's still tons of myths about it that have harmful effects on the treatment of those with psychological conditions.
但仍然还是有很多关于精神病的误解，这些误解对那些心理疾病患者的治疗有着有害影响。
So, today, we'll be talking about 5 harmful myths about mental illnesses.
所以今天，我们将介绍有关精神病的五种谣言。
1. People with mental disorders are likely to be violent.
1. 患有精神疾病的人很有可能非常暴力。
The Sun, a newspaper in the United Kingdom,
英国报社《太阳报》
released an article saying that over 1,200 had been killed by people with mental illnesses in the past 10 years in England.
发表了一篇文章说道，在过去十年，英国有超过1200人被精神病患者杀害。
The statistics were true, but what they failed to inform was that 97% of the accounted deaths were from suicides.
数据是真的，但文章并没有提到其中97%的死亡都源于自杀。
In actuality, criminal behavior in people with mental illnesses is very small,
事实上，精神病患者的犯罪行为非常少，
and mentally ill people are the ones who are more likely to experience domestic violence and sexual abuse.
精神病患者更倾向于家庭暴力和性虐待。
They're more likely to suffer an intense psychological reaction to being victimized.
他们可能对受害人有强烈的心理反应。
2. People can pull themselves out of a mental illness if they really wanted to.
2. 只要真的愿意，他们可以从精神病中解脱。
A popular myth, especially with people with depression and anxiety,
一种普遍的谣言，这在抑郁症和焦虑症患者中尤为常见，
is just that the person is being over-sensitive and could easily fix the problem.
认为患者只是过于敏感且他们的问题可以被轻易解决。
This is where the phrases, "They just want attention," or, "They like feeling miserable," comes into play.
他们会说，“他们只是想博取关注，”或者“他们只是在卖惨。”
Mental illnesses often have a genetic factor that influences the preposition and chemical imbalances
精神疾病通常有基因因素影响化学平衡
that can't easily be conquered by sheer willpower.
且不会轻易被你的意志所征服。
It's difficult to even take the first step by seeking help,
首先，踏出寻求帮助的第一步都很难，
and working up the courage to even admit to yourself that there's a serious problem.
更别提有承认自己有严重问题的勇气。
Finding a therapist and having to go through a trial and error process that takes up a large amount of time and is difficult as well.
看治疗师并进行反复治疗的过程需要大量时间且非常困难。
Some people even choose to fight it themselves.
一些人甚至选择靠自己解决。
Dealing with a mental illness can be scary, emotionally draining, and exhausting.
处理精神疾病很可怕，会遭遇情感上的枯竭和筋疲力尽。
Having to pull yourself together and fighting through while taking any ounce of support you can get ... is quite difficult.
要让自己振奋起来并获得支持拼命努力是相当困难的。
3. Love and support are the absolute cures to mental illnesses.
3. 爱和支持是治愈精神疾病的绝对良药。
Therapists and doctors will always tell you that social support is a very important factor when it comes to the recovery process,
治疗师和医生总是告诉你，在恢复过程中，社会支持是非常重要的因素，
but it may not always be the surefire way to fix someone's mental illness.
但这并不总是治疗精神疾病的绝对有效方法。
We've all seen movies where a child with a serious behavioral problem
我们都看过这样的电影，电影中一名患有严重行为问题的孩子
or a girl who suffers from emotional outbursts is made completely better by the end of the movie
或是患有情感爆发的女孩会在电影结尾会被治愈
because someone went out of their way to inspire a sudden realization that they, too, can be loved.
因为有人费尽心思让他们领悟到他们被爱着。
It's a touching concept, but if you expect this in real life, you'll be thoroughly disappointed.
这是一种感人的概念，但如果你在现实中期待这些，你会失望的。
They can be afraid of rejection in socialization.
在社会中，他们害怕被拒绝。
Although it's great having someone helping and supporting you along your fight, showing that they care about you,
虽然在对抗疾病的途中，有人帮忙和支持、被关心的感觉很好，
a mentally ill person could have a hard time even believing that in the first place.
但即使相信这种概念，精神病患者仍然很艰难。
Expecting progress from showing love and affection on the same level supports every single day will be harder,
期待每天从同水平的爱和情感中获取进展会更难，
especially on a particularly bad day for the person that's being helped.
接受帮助尤为艰难。
4. Having a mental illness is a social death sentence.
患上精神疾病就像是一种社会死刑。
The awareness of mental illnesses and what causes them has more than doubled since the 1950s.
精神疾病意识和引起精神疾病的事物自1950年代翻倍增长。
Mental illnesses have become highly aware and have become more acceptable.
精神疾病引起高度注意且得到更多人的接受。
More so than physical illnesses in some cases.
在一些情况下比生理疾病更多。
Some even see it that having a mental illness is a sign of a greater understanding of what it means to be a human being.
一些人甚至将患有精神病看作是对人类意义的一种更好的解释。
Ardilla Gomez found that even living near a place that offers mental health services can raise the rates of acceptance
Ardilla Gomez发现生活在提供精神服务处所的附近能够将大众对该疾病的接受和理解率
and understanding from 21% to over 80% of the population.
从21%提高至80%多。
People without mental illnesses are understanding what some people go through
那些没有精神疾病的人能够对精神病患者的经历有所理解
and are willing to go out of their way to help if they can.
如果可以，他们也愿意提供帮助。
5. You will become your label.
5.你将变成你的标签。
This is a big fear when it comes to making the decision of going to a mental health professional.
当说到去看心理医生就很恐惧。
Instead of a person, you'll feel labeled as a manic-depressive, an anorexic, a schizophrenic, etc.
你会觉得自己被标为躁狂抑郁病患者、厌食症患者、精神分裂者等。
Some clients end up feeling like they aren't seen and valued as a person.
一些患者最终会觉得他们没有被看成是一个人，没有了人的价值。
Rogerian therapists have pushed from first-person terminology.
罗氏疗法治疗师们放弃了第一人称的用辞。
For example, instead of "an autistic child" you use "a child with autism".
例如，他们会使用‘一个患有孤独症的孩子’而不是‘一名自闭症儿童’。
This puts emphasis on the person and not the illness.
这样就将重点放在人上而非疾病上。
Some researchers have even debated if telling their clients their official diagnosis is beneficial for their recovery process.
一些研究员争论到告诉他们的患者其官方诊断结果是否有助于他们的康复治疗。
If the client's feeling like the mental disorder itself is the only thing his or her therapist or doctor is focused on,
如果患者觉得他们的治疗师或医生只关注于他们精神疾病本身，
it's highly recommended that they find a new one.
那么很建议你换一个治疗师。
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