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Hi, my name is Rebecca from www.engvid.com. In today's lesson, you will learn about 24 different words to talk about your working life.
大家好，我是Rebecca。今天这节课，我们将学习与你的工作生涯有关的24种不同词汇。
You'll need these words if you want to be able to talk about your career or about someone else's professional life.
如果你想谈论自己的职业或他人的职业生涯，那么你需要用到这些单词。
So let's get started. I've divided the vocabulary into two parts.
那么我们开始吧。我将这些词汇分为两组。
On this side, we'll see words which the applicant or the employee, the future employee is going to need,
在这组词汇中，我们将看到一些求职者或员工、即将工作的人所需用到的词汇，
things that a person who is applying for a job or someone who works somewhere, these words apply to them.
对于正在找工作的人或是那些已经工作的人来说，这用词非常适用。
And the words on this side refer to things that the employer does, that the company does. Okay?
而这边一组词汇适用于雇主或公司。
So let's start with what a person does when he or she is looking for a job.
首先，当某人正在找工作时，会做些什么呢。
So the first thing is to "look for a job". That could mean that you look at classified ads, you go online, you look for a job.
第一件事就是“找工作”。这意味着你会在一些分类广告或是网上找招聘信息。
Another way to say that is "to seek employment", that's a formal way to say it. "To seek" means to look for, and "employment" means work or a job.
第二种表达方式是“谋职”，这是一种正式的表达方式。“To seek”就是“寻找”的意思，而“职业”指的是一份工作。
Next, you would probably "apply" after you see a position that interests you or a job that interests you,
下一步，当你看到一份感兴趣的职位后，你可能会“申请”这份工作，
you would apply for that position, you would fill out perhaps an application form or send in a letter.
你会申请这个职位，可能会填一份申请表或是发一封求职信。
And also "submit" which means to formally give in or send in, to submit your resume, to submit your CV.
“提交”表示正式呈递，提交你的简历，提交你的CV.
CV is curriculum vitae. In some places, they say: "CV" and in other places, they say "resume". It's the same thing, but you need to apply and submit it.
CV就是简历。一些地方用“CV”而另一些地方会说“简历”。这是同一件东西，但是你需要申请并提交简历。
So these are the first three things that someone who's looking for a job or a job applicant is going to do.
以上是求职者首先要做的三件事。
Let's jump on to this side now to see what the employer does, and then later, we'll come back to a couple of other things which the person can do. Okay?
下面来看看这一组词汇，来看看雇主会做些什么，之后，我们在回来看看求职者还有可以做的。
So what does the employer usually do? After they have gone through the applications,
那么雇主通常会做些什么呢？当他们浏览完申请后，
they will invite some people for an interview and they will interview that person.
他们会邀请其中一些人来面试。
Next, they'll make a list which is... that process is called "to shortlist".
然后会列出一份名单，这个过程被称为挑选最后的候选人名单。
"To shortlist" means, let's say that they interviewed 20 people and now they're going to choose about three people or five people,
“挑选最后的候选人名单”是指，比如他们面试了20个人，现在他们将从中选3、5个人，
and from those five or three, they will choose one person finally because there's one position available.
然后再从这3、5个人中挑选一名适合这个职位的人。
So when they take out of the 20, they make it three or five, that's called... that process is called shortlisting. They shortlist the candidates.
当他们从20个人中挑出3、5个人，这个过程叫作挑选最终的候选人名单。他们刷选这些候选人。
So the first thing you can hope, after being interviewed, is that you will be shortlisted. And then, hopefully, you will also be chosen for the position.
那么，面试完后，你期望的第一件事是你会被选中。之后，希望你能获得这个职位。
So if that happens, the company decides to "hire" someone or to "recruit" a new employee, to recruit someone. Both words are used.
如果希望成真，那么公司就决定“雇佣”某人或“招聘”某人。两个词都可用。
After that, if necessary, but not always, they may have to "train" that person, to teach them how to do the job.
入职后，如果有必要，当然并不一定，他们可能会“培训”这个人，教他们如何做这份工作。
At some later point in their career, it may be also necessary to "retrain" that person. "Re"-anything usually means to do something again.
在他们职业身涯后期，可能会对他们进行“再培训”。“Re”通常表示再做某事。
Next, after the person has been hired and perhaps trained,
雇佣培训之后，
the person will be "placed" in a particular department, in a branch, in a division, in a particular location.
这名员工将被安排在某个部门、某个分部或某个地方。
They will be placed there means they will be put in that position.
被安置在那意味着他们将就职于这个职位。
Next, a variety of things can occur, can happen in the course of a person's career.
接下来，会有大量的事情可能会发生在一个人的职业身涯中。
A person could be "transferred". You see the arrow?
这个人可能会被“平调”。你看见这个箭头了么？
Transfer means your position, the level of your position doesn't change necessarily, but you might be just moved.
平调意味着你的职位、你职位的等级不变，只是被调离。
"To transfer" means to move to another branch, to another location, to another country, - right? - another department, another division. You are transferred.
”平调“意味着调入另一个分部、另一个地点、另一个国家、另一个部门。你是被平调走了。
Another thing that can happen if you're doing very well is you might be "promoted". Here we see the arrow pointing up.
如果工作表现不错的话，还有可能会发生另一件事就是“升职”。我们看到这里的箭头指向上边。
So, "to promote" means to get a higher level position. Usually, but not always, that includes a higher salary as well.
“升职”指的是获得更好级别的职位。通常（不总会这样）也包含更高的薪酬。
Then you may be... that's referred to as a "raise", but it doesn't always happen. Sometimes you get a higher position without the extra money.
这也是一种“提升”，但不经常发生。有时你升职后，薪酬可能并未改变。
What can also happen, but very rarely, - but it does happen sometimes -, is instead of getting promoted, a person might be "demoted".
还有一件事会但很少发生的事，就是“降职”。
So "demoted" means to get a lower position. This doesn't usually happen.
“降职”就是降到底等职位。通常不会发生。
Sometimes it can happen, for example: in the army, a person might be demoted for something bad that they did.
比如会在军队里发生，一个人可能因他所做的错事而降职。
