Section One: News in Brief

1. The House began debate today on a three-year bill to combat trafficking and use of illegal drugs. The measure has the support of most representatives and House Speaker Thomas O'Neill says he expects it to pass by tomorrow. Among other things, the bill would increase penalties for violators, provide money to increase drug enforcement and coast guard personnel, and require drug producing countries to establish eradication programs as a condition of US support for development loans.
2. A cultural exchange between the US and the Soviet Union may face an American boycott unless US News and World Report correspondent, Nicholas Daniloff, is freed from a Moscow jail. An American style town meeting is scheduled to take place in Latvia next week, but the two hundred seventy Americans due to take part
say they won't go if Daniloff remains in jail. They add the decision is
personal one and is not being made by the Reagan Administration
in retaliation for the Daniloff detention.
3. Egyptian and Israeli negotiators have reached agreement on re-
solving the Taba border dispute, clearing the way for a summit be-
tween the two countries to begin tomorrow. Egyptian President
Hosni Mubarak and Israeli Prime Minister Shimon Peres will meet
in Alexandria. Details of the Taba agreement have not been made
available.

Section Two: News in Detail

Tapescript
The United Statqs House of Representatives is debating an om-
nibus drug bill and expects to pass the measure tomorrow. Though
the bill'has attracted strong, bipartisan support, NPR's Cokey
Roberts reports the debate on the issue points up the differences be-
tween political parties.
When Congress returned from the Fourth of July recess, House
Speaker Tip O'Neill said there was only one thing members were
talking about in the cloak-room: drugs. The Democrats quickly pul-
led together chairmen from twelve different committees to draft a
drug package. Then, stung by criticism that they were acting in a
partisan fashion, the Democratic leaders invited the Republicans to
join them in the newly declared war on drugs. So, when the bill came
to the House floor today, the party leaders led off debate. Texas
Democrat Jim Wright.
'It's time to declare an all-out war, to mobilize our forces, pub-
fic and private, national and local, in a total coordinated assault up-
on this menace, which is draining our economy of some two hundred
and thirty billion dollars this year, slowly rotting away the fabric of
our society, seducing and killing our young. That it will take money
is hardly debatable. We can't right artillery with spitballs."

The question of j List how much money this measure will cost has
not been answered to the satisfaction of all members. Democrats say
it's one and half billion dollars over three years, with almost seven
hundred thousand for next year. Republicans claim the price tag will
run higher and are trying to emphasize other aspects of the drug bat-
tle, aspects which they think play better in Republican campaigns.
Minority leader Robert Michel.
'The ultimate cure for the drug epidemic must come from with-
in the heart of each individual faced with the temptation of taking
drugs. It is ultimately a problem of character, of will power, of fami-
ly and community, and concern, and personal pride."
Among other items, the bill before the House increases penalties
for most drug related crimes, sets the minimum jail term of twenty
years for drug trafficking and manufacturing, authorizes money for
the drug enforcement administration and prison construction, beefs
up the ability of the coast guard and customs service to stop drugs
coming into this country, and creates programs for drugleducation.
The various sections of the measure give House members ample op-
portunity to speak on an issue where they want their voices heard.
Maryland Democratic Barbara McCulsky was nominated for the
Senate yesterday. Today, she spoke to the part of the bill which
funds drug eradication programs in foreign countries.
"When we fought yellow fever, we didn't go at it one mosquito
at a time. We went right to the swamp. That's what the Foreign Af-
fairs section of this legislation will do. It will go to the swamps, or
where cocaine is either grown, refined, or manufactured."
Republican Henson Moore is running for the Senate in
Louisiana. He spoke to the part of the drug bill which changes the
trade laws for countries which deal in drugs.
' We're moving to stop something; it's absolutely idiotic. It
needs to be stopped: this situation of where a country can sell legally
to us on the one hand and illegally to us under the table, selling
drugs in this country poisoning our young people and our population."

Section Three: Special Report

Tapescript
Today in China, in Nanjing, balloons, firecrackers and lion
dancers mark the dedication of the Johns Hopkins University-Nanj-
ing University Center for Chinese and American Studies. For the
first time since World War II, Chinese and American students will
attend a graduate institution in China that is administered jointly by
academic organizations that are worlds apart figuratively and literal-
ly. NPR's Susan Stanberg reports.
Cross-cultural encounters can be extremely enriching; cross-
cultural encounters can be utterly absurd.
' Let's see. That would be eighty-seven. So, ba-shi-
qi-nian-qian, ... let's see, ... equal ... proposition equal'
Here's what that American was trying to say in Chinese.
"Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on
this continent a new nation ... a new nation conceived in liberty, and
dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.'
Now you don't have to be dealing with classic American oratory
to run into problems. In,planning for the Center for Chinese and
American Studies, there was much debate as to whether the new au-
ditorium on the Nanjing campus should have a flat or sloped floor.
If the floor were flat, the auditorium could be used for dances, for
parties, but a sloped floor would be better for listening, for viewing
films and slides.
"The argument finally won out that for practical reasons a flat
floor- would be best because it ... it really would make it a multi-pur-
pose room. You wouldn't have to fix the furniture.'
Stephen Muller is President of Johns Hopkins University, the
US end of this Sino-American joint venture in learning.
'So, a flat floor was built. Only the Chinese in building it finally
ended up with a flat floor but at two different levels, one higher than
the other. So, if you want to use it for - dances, you either have to
have very short women with very tall men or vice versa.'
Twenty-four Americans, and thirty-six Chinese of mixed
heights are the first students at the Hopkins-Nanjing Center. Nanj-
i!19 used to be Nanking, by the way, back in the days when Beijing
was Pekini. The Americans will take classes in Chinese history, eco-
nomics, trade, politics, all from Chinese faculty. The Chinese will
study the US with American university professors. Johns Hopkins
President Stephen Muller says this is advanced study work. All the
Chinese students are proficient in English; all the Americans- have
master's degrees plus fluency in Chinese.
@ I @ " The twenty-four Americans come from about eighteen col-
leges and universities. No one institution in this country produces
that many people of this character; so that's a beginning. Nanjing is
not the place, the Center is not the place to go, if you want a doctor-
o.te in Chinese history or Chinese language or Chinese literature or
Whatever. This is a pre-professional program."
Which means the men and women who spend the year at the
Nanjing Center will end up as diplomats or business people in one
another's country.
'Our hope is that the Americans, to speak about those, who are
going to be incidentally rooming with Chinese roommates, which is a
very interesting thing the Chinese agree to, that the Americans will
"got only bring a year of living in'China, a year of having studied
with Chinese faculty and hearing the Chinese view of Chinese foreign
@icy in economics and, so on, that they will also have the kind of
friends among Chinese roughly their age who are going to be dealing
with the United States. That will slowly, over the years, create a real
ork, if you will, of people who, because they've had this corn-
mon experience, can deal with each other very easily and, you know,
be kind of a rallying point - an old boy, old girl network, as it
were.'
Hopkins President Muller admits that a simple exchange
program - Chinese students coming to the US, and American stu-
dents going to China - would involve far fewer headaches than
running jointly an academic institution on foreign soil. Plus the suc-
cess of the Hopkins-Nanjing Center depends on undependables, like
continuing sweet Sino-American relations and being able to attract
funding. And there's this wrinkle.'
"Some of the people who will study there, without any question,
will probably come from or afterwards enter the intelligence com-
munity. That it's really desirable that people who do that have that
kind of background. We're very honest about that, but it's so easy to
denounce the whole thing as an espionage center, or something. You
know, there's a lot of fragility in this thing.'
Stephen Muller is President of Johns Hopkins University in
Baltimore. The Hopkins-Nanjing University Center for Chinese and
American Studies was dedicated today in China. I'm Susan
Stanberg.
'How do you say good luck in Chinese?'
'Don't know. I don't know Chinese.'
"You'd better learn.'
'That's a phrase I should know. Yes.'

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