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Professor: Many organisms have developed the ability to survive in harsh environmental conditions: extreme heat or cold, or very dry conditions, like plants in the desert.
教授：很多生物进化出了在严酷的环境状况下生存的能力，比如极热或极冷、或非常干旱的环境，就像沙漠里的植物一样。
Your textbook doesn’t have much about the specifics on desert plants, but I think that desert plants are great examples of specialized adaptations to extreme environmental conditions.
你们的课本上没有很多具体介绍沙漠植物的内容，不过我认为沙漠植物是专门适应极端环境状况的很好的例子。
So, with desert plants, there are basically three different adaptive strategies.
沙漠植物主要有三种不同的适应策略。
And I should point out that these strategies are not specific to any particular species.
我应该指出的是，这些策略不是针对任何具体品种的植物的。
Many different species have developed each of the adaptations.
很多不同种类的植物都进化出了每种适应策略。
So, first off, there are succulent plants, there are many different species of succulent plants, but they all can absorb and store a lot of water.
首先是肉质植物，有很多不同品种的肉质植物，但它们都能吸收和储存很多水分。
Obviously, opportunities to get water in the desert are few and far between, generally rains are light and short, so the rain doesn’t seep too far down into the soil.
显然，在沙漠能获得水的机会很少，而且间隔很久，一般那里的降雨很少而且时间很短，所以雨水不会渗到地下很深的地方。
And there’s a limited window of time for any plant to get the water before it evaporates.
而且任何植物要在雨水蒸发前得到这些水的时间窗也是有限的。
