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Hi. I'm Rebecca from engVid.If you need to do the IELTS general exam, I'm sure it's for a very important reason.
嗨。我是 Rebecca，来自 engVid。如果你需要参加雅思考试，我敢肯定是有很重要的原因。
Perhaps you're trying to immigrate to another country, or get admission to a college program, or join a professional training program.
或许你正在争取移民去另一个国家，或者争取大学入学资格，或者争取加入一个专业培训课程。
Whatever your reason, I know you want to get the highest marks possible.Right? Of course.
无论你的原因是什么，我知道你想获得你有可能得到的最高分。对吧？这是当然的。
So I'm going to help you to do exactly that in one particular area of the exam, and that's in your writing section.
所以我打算帮助你正确地学习考试中某一特定部分，那就是写作部分。
Now, in the writing section there are two parts, one is a letter and one is an essay.
写作部分分为两个小部分，一个是书信写作，另一个是论文写作。
In this lesson we will focus on how you can get the highest marks possible in the letter-writing section. Okay?
本节课我们将集中学习如何在书信写作中尽可能地获得高分。
The 14 tips that I'm going to give you, I promise you, if you apply each one of these things, step by step you're going to get more and more marks.
我打算告诉你14个小窍门，我向你保证，如果你用到了每一个小窍门，渐渐地你的分数会越来越高。
Okay? So stick with me and we will go through them.Let's get started.
明白吗？所以紧跟我的思路，我们要来从头来说一下这些窍门。让我们开始吧。
So, the first thing you have to identify when you read the letter-writing task is: What type of letter am I being asked to write?
你必须明确的第一件事是当你看书信写作的要求时，你是在明确：我被要求写的是什么类型的书信？
Is it a formal letter, is it a semi-formal letter, or is it an informal letter?
它是正式书信，半正式书信，还是非正式书信？
Well, how do you know that?Well, you can know it in a few ways and I'm going to explain them.
你是如何判断的呢？你可以通过这几种方法判断，我会说明一下它们是什么。
But one of the ways that you can know it is to look at the second point that you need to understand, is to identify the purpose of the letter
但是其中一种判断方法是要看你需要了解的第二件事，那就是明确写信的目的，
because some purposes are more formal than other purposes.
因为一些目的比其他的更正式。
All right?For example, some formal letters might ask you to request information; or apply for a job;
明白么？举个例子，一些正式信件可能会要求你咨询信息；或申请一份工作；
or complain about a product or a service, maybe to an airline, maybe to a store, something like that; or to make a suggestion or a recommendation.
或者投诉服务或产品，可能是向航空公司，商店啊等等；或者是写建议或推荐。
All right?To a shopping mall, to a restaurant, something like that.These are more formal situations.
对吧？推荐一家购物中心，一家餐馆等等。这些是更正式的情境。
These are when we are writing to people or companies that we don't know.All right?
这些是当我们给不认识的人或者企业写信时。明白吗？
That's the clue: You don't have anybody's name, you just have the name of the company.All right.
这是线索：你不知道任何人的名字，你只知道公司的名字。好。
Semi-formal letters might include things like this: Complaining to a landlord; or explaining something, a problem or a situation to a neighbour;
半正式书信可能包括这些情况：向房东投诉；或者是向邻居解释某事，某个问题或者某种情况；
or asking a professor for permission to miss an exam or to submit your assignment late.
或者是向教授申请缺考或者是晚交作业的许可。
Whatever it is. Okay?The details vary.Doesn't matter.And here, what's...What identifies the semi-formal?
无论是什么。细节变动。并不影响。这里，什么是...什么是半正式？
The semi-formal we know it's still a kind of a formal situation, but here we usually do know somebody's name.
我们所了解的半正式其实还是偏向正式情境，但是这种情况下，我们知道对方的姓名。
You would know the name of your landlord, or your professor, or your neighbour, for example. Right?
比如你应该知道你房东、教授或者邻居的名字，对吧？
So that means something in terms of the way that you write the letter, the language, the tone, the style.
所以这意味着有些事是以你写信的方式为依据的，比如语言、腔调和风格。
All of this is affected by whether it's formal, semi-formal, or informal.And I'll explain more to you as we go along.
信件是正式的、半正式的还是非正式的会对所有这些造成影响。随着课程进行，后面我会解释得更充分。
Now, examples of informal letters might be where you're being asked to invite a friend, or thank a friend, or apologize to a friend, or ask for advice from someone that you know.Okay?
非正式信件的例子可能是你被要求写信邀请一位朋友或者是感谢一位朋友，向朋友道歉，或者是从你认识的人哪里询问建议。明白吗？
Here what's important is that you really know this person well and you're probably going to call them by first name.
重要的是你真的很了解这个人，而且你可能直接称呼他们的名字。
So I'm going to explain exactly how all of this translates into the next step, which is how you begin your letter.
所以我打算完全说明所有这些是怎么转到下一步的，就是你的书信应该如何开头。
So the first step was to identify the type of letter.Second step, the purpose.Now the third step is to open and close the letter correctly.
第一步是要明确书信的类型。第二步，明确目的。而第三步是正确开始和结束信件。
Once you've done steps one and two, you will know how to do this step.
一旦你完成了前两步，你就会知道第三步该怎么办。
Cause if it's a formal letter then you start with: "Dear Sir" or "Madam", and you end with: "Yours faithfully".Okay? That's how it is.
因为如果它是一封正式信件，那么你就要以 "Dear Sir" 或者 "Madam" 开头，而结尾则可以用："Yours faithfully"。明白了么？就是这样。
If it's a semi-formal letter, you will start with something like: "Dear Mr. Brown" or "Dear Ms. Stone" or "Mrs. Stone".
如果是一封半正式信件，你可以像这样开头："Dear Mr. Brown" 或者 "Dear Ms. Stone" 或者 "Mrs. Stone"。
"Ms." Is when you don't know if a woman is married or not, or if she's just a modern woman.
"Ms." 是当你不知道一个女人是否结婚了的时候用的，或者她只是一个现代女性。
And you end the semi-formal letter with something like: "Yours sincerely". Okay?
而在非正式信件的结尾，你可以像这样写："Yours sincerely"。明白吗？
What we're trying to do is to match up the formality of the situation with these terms that we're using.
我们努力做的是将该情况下的礼节和我们使用的这些术语匹配起来。
Okay? The opening and closing salutations they're called, these are called.All right?
对吧？它们被称为开头和结尾的问候语，这些被称为问候语。对吧？
Next is the informal one.So here, you know the person really well, it's your friend or a family member, and so you know...
接下来是非正式信件。你真的非常了解这个人，是你的朋友或者家庭成员，所以你认识他...
You're going to call them by first name. Right?
你会直接叫他们的名字，对吧？
So you might say: "Dear John", "Dear Susan", and then because it's a warm friendship or relationship, you can end in a warmer way by saying: "Best regards" or "Warm wishes".
所以你可以说："Dear John"，"Dear Susan"，而且因为你们之间是很温馨的友情或者亲情，你可以以一种比较温馨的方式结尾："Best regards" 或者 "Warm wishes"。
Now, what makes it a little bit easier for you and this is a clue is that usually in your letter prompt, in the task that the IELTS exam gives you,
现在，有一点可以让你觉得更简单一些，也是一条线索，那就是通常在你的信件提示中，在雅思考试给你的任务中，
they will give you the letter situation and then they'll say: "Start your letter with 'Dear Sir' or 'Madam', or 'Dear Mr. So-and-so', or 'Dear John'."
他们会告诉你写信的情境，他们会说：“信件开头请用 'Dear Sir' 或者 'Madam'，或者 'Dear Mr. 什么'，或者 'Dear John'。”
Now, that helps you a lot because now you know if it's going to be a formal letter, a semi-formal letter, or an informal letter,
这对你很有帮助，因为这样你知道这是一封正式信件，半正式信件还是非正式信件，
and you will know how to end your letter and you'll also know what to say in your letter and how to say it, which is what we're going to look at next.
然后你会知道如何结束你的信，还会知道信里该写什么以及如何写，这是我们接下来要看的。
Okay, number four: Start the letter appropriately.
好了，第四：合适地写信的开头。
That means based on whether you decided it was a formal letter, semi-formal, or informal - you need to use appropriate language.
意思是在你是否决定它是正式，半正式还是非正式的基础上，你需要使用适当的语言。
Right?Let me give you an example.
对吧？让我给你举个例子。
For formal or informal letters, we could start with something like this: "I am writing to inquire about..." Okay?
对于正式和非正式的信件，我们可以这么开头：“我写信来是为了询问关于...”
"I'm writing to inform you that..."whatever the situation is.Or: "I'm writing in connection with..." Okay?
“我写信来是为了通知你...”无论情况是什么样的。或者：“我正在写一封跟...有关"。
These are some of the standard expressions that we can use when we start formal or semi-formal letters.
这里有一些标准的表达方式，我们可以在写正式和半正式信件时用到。
Look how different that is from the informal ones.Now, what happens in an informal situation?
看一下和非正式信件有什么不同。非正式情况会发生什么呢？
Here we know the people, so first we want to acknowledge the relationship.We don't start talking about business.
我们认识对方，所以首先我们想明确关系。我们不会开头就讨论商业。
Here, these are strangers, we don't want to waste their time, we don't want to be friendly here, we just want to get down to business.
这里，这些是陌生人，我们不想浪费他们的时间，我们不想在这里表现得亲密，我们只是想着手处理事务。
But here you want to be warm, you want to be friendly because these are people you know.
但是在这里，你想要是亲切的，你想显得亲密，因为这些人你认识。
So you might start with something like this: "I hope you and your family are all well."
所以你可能像这样开头：“希望你和你的家人都安好。”
Okay? That could be your first sentence.You know what?
这可以当做你的第一句话。你知道么？
And in fact in your first paragraph you're probably just going to talk about nice things,
实际上，在第一段，你可能只要谈论一些好事，
and only in your second paragraph are you going to get down to tell them exactly why you're writing.
而在第二段，你才可能会开门见山告诉他们你究竟为什么写信。
Okay? But first you want to say...Tell them...Ask them how they are, and things like that.
但是首先你想要说...告诉他们...问候他们近来如何等之类的。
Another way you could start an informal letter is: "How have you been?It's been too long since we were last in touch", and so on.Okay? This is just to give you some idea.
另一种非正式信件开头的方式是：“过得怎么样？距离我们上次联系真的太久了”，等等。这只是给你一点意见。
I'm going to later tell you where you can go to refer to sample letters, model letters that you can read so that you really become familiar with the entire format.
稍后我会告诉你你在哪可以看到示范信件，你可以看一下这些信件模板，这样你可以熟悉整个格式。
Okay? All right.Now, number five: Use standard written expressions.What does that mean?
对吧？好。第五：使用规范的表达方式。这是什么意思？
Look, the reason it takes you a longer time to write a letter than let's say someone who has been speaking and writing English all their life is
你写一封信比起我们说的那些终生都说英语，用英语写作的人来说，会花费更多的时间，
because we have picked up the standard expressions that are used when we write, and you need to try to do that.
原因是我们在写作时要采用规范的表达方式，你要尽力做到这点。
That will save you a lot of time and it's very important, of course, on an exam to write as fast as possible.
这会节省你很多时间，这是非常重要的，在考试中，当然是写得越快越好。
It's also important all your life to write email as fast as possible.
同样在你的人生中很重要的是写邮件写得尽可能地快。
So, by learning these standard written expressions you will be able to get higher marks and save time and effort.
通过学习这些规范表达，你能得到更高的分数而且省时省力。
So what are some of these standard expressions?
所以规范表达都有什么呢？
Well, let's look at one example when we are asked to apologize about something.
让我们来看一个例子，一个当我们被要求为某事道歉时的例子。
So if it's a formal situation, you could say something like: "My sincere apologies for missing the meeting" or "missing the conference", something like that.Okay?
所以如果这是一个正式的情境，你可以这么说：“我为自己错过会议表示诚挚的歉意”或者是 "missing the conference" （错过会议）之类的。明白了么？
If it was an informal situation and you're writing to a friend or something like that, you could say: "I'm very sorry for missing your wedding." Okay?
如果是一个非正式的情境，你给一位朋友之类的人写信，你可以说：“我很抱歉错过你的婚礼。” 对吧？
See, you're still apologizing, but when it's formal you use certain expressions, and when it's informal you're going to use other kinds of expressions.
看，你还是在道歉，但是当是正式情境下，你会使用特定的表达方式，当在不正式的情境下，你会使用其他的表达方式。
But these are still expressions which you can learn.
但是这些表达方式你可以学习。
And again, you can download a list of these kind of expressions from the resource that I'm going to tell you about.
再说一次，你可以下载这种表达方式的表格，我会告诉你下载资源。
Now, let's say you are asking for something, you're making a request, if it's a formal situation you could say something like:
现在，比方说你在询问某事，你在提出一个请求，如果是正式的情境，你可以这么说：
"I'd be grateful" or "I would be grateful if you could please send me the information as soon as possible."
“我会很感谢”或者“我会很感谢，如果你可以尽快把信息发给我的话。”
Okay? For example.And if it's more informal you could say:
对吧？这是一个例子。而如果是在非正式情境下你可以说：
"Could you please send me the book as fast as you can?" Okay?
“你可以尽快把书寄给我吗？”
So you see that the tone varies based on whether it's formal, informal, or semi-formal.
所以你看语气是根据情境是正式的，非正式的还是半正式的而变化的。
Okay? Let's look at some other points.Okay, number six: Use correct spelling.
对吧？让我看一下其他的几点。第六：使用正确的拼写。
Now, you're going to say to me: "Rebecca, I know that", and I know you know that,
你肯定想跟我说：“ Rebecca，我知道这个”，我知道你知道这点，
but unfortunately sometimes even on the IELTS students are still making mistakes on words like these
但是遗憾的是，有些时候即使是在雅思考试中，学生还是会犯拼写错误，
which you know you're very likely to use so you want to make sure that you really know how to spell these words.
你知道这些词你很可能会用到，所以你想确认你真的知道如何拼写。
Of course you can't know every word you're going to use, but there are some words you can definitely know will probably be there.
当然你不可能知道你会用到的每个词，但是这些词你会明确地知道会用得到。
So, for example: "sincerely", people forget the "e"; "faithfully", people forget that there's two l's;
比如："sincerely"，人们漏写了 "e"；"faithfully"，忘了有两个l；
and "connection", people forget that there are two n's, that kind of examples. Okay?
还有"connection"，忘了有两个n，等等像这一类的错误。
So just read over...When you read over many sample or model letters you will see and you will find the words which appear very often,
所以要再仔细阅读...当你读了很多范例和模板你会发现有些词出现的很频繁，
and make sure that you know how to spell those words so that you get higher and higher marks which is our goal.
你要确保你知道如何拼写这些词，这样你就会得到越来越高的分数，这也是我们的目标。
Okay, number seven: Divide the letter, your letter into paragraphs.Now, I know you know that, but let's just review it.
第七：把信分段。我知道你知道这点，但是我们就当复习一下。
So of course you will have an introduction and you will have a conclusion.
所以当然了，你会有一个导入段，一个结论段。
And usually IELTS letters in the 20 minutes that you have and in the situation that they've asked you to write about, usually IELTS letters have about four paragraphs.Okay?
通常雅思书信写作限定在20分钟内完成，在他们的写作要求条件下，雅思书信通常都有大概四个段落。明白了吗？
So, introduction, then a second paragraph will be describing the problem or the situation,
这样，先是导入段，然后第二段描述问题或者情境，
the third paragraph will move into the solution or what action you're asking someone to take, and the last one is the conclusion, just the ending.
第三段会转到解决办法，或者你要求某人采取的行动，最后是结论段，就是结尾。
Okay? So make sure you divide your paragraphs...Your letter into paragraphs.Now, when you do that there are two ways to do it.
所以你要确保分段...确保把信分成几段。当你在分段的时候，有两种方法。
One way is to indent to show that you're starting a new paragraph.What does it mean to indent?
一种是首行缩进，表明你开始了一个新的段落。首行缩进是什么意思？
To start a little bit from the left side.Okay? So don't start here, start inside.
就是在左边留一点空格。所以不要在这里开头，而是在里面一点。
Or you can start every paragraph from the left, what we call flush left, but then you have to leave a line in between to show that this is in fact a different paragraph.
或者你可以每段都从左边起头，我们称为左对齐，但是你要每段之间留一行空白，说明这实际上是一个不同的段落。
Otherwise they...The examiner will think that you've written one solid piece of writing in your letter instead of writing in paragraphs.
否则他们...考官会认为你写了一整段，而不是写了好几段。
Okay? So make sure you do that.Next: Use clear, legible handwriting.
所以一定要保证你这么做了。接下来是：字迹要清晰明辨。
Now, on the IELTS in case you didn't know, you have to actually write by hand.You can't use a computer.
以防你不知道，在雅思考试中，实际上你必须手写。你不能用电脑。
So you have to make sure that your handwriting is clear and legible."Legible" means that someone can read it.
所以你必须确保你的字迹清晰明辨。"Legible" 的意思是某人可以看得懂。
Don't write like a doctor, even if you're a doctor because then the examiner will not be able to understand and won't be able to give you all the high marks that you want.
不要写得像一个医生似的，即使你是一个医生，但是因为考官不能理解，也就不会给你你想要的高分。
So, make sure...Also some people when they're cursive...
所以，一定要保证...还有那些写草书的人。
For example, when you write with cursive writing-okay? -handwriting which is joined. Right?
比如，当你使用草书写作时，一种连笔字体，对吧？
Some people have difficulty with some of the letters, like "n" and "r".
有的人会很难辨认一些字符，比如 "n" 和 "r"。
For example, an "n" or an "r", if you don't make it properly it could look like another letter,
比如，一个"n" 或者 "r"，如果你不能把它们写得规范些，就可能会看起来像另一个字母，
and then to the examiner that could look like a spelling mistake and then you would lose marks.
这样考官可能就会认为是一个拼写错误，你就会丢失分数。
So make sure your handwriting is clear for this reason that you don't want the examiner to consider it a spelling mistake, because then they have to reduce your marks.
因此确保你的字迹清晰，因为你不想考官把它处理为拼写错误，因为这样会扣你的分数。
Okay. Next, you are asked to write and you should write 150 words.How do you know what 150 words is?
好。接下来，你被要求写作而且应该写150字。你怎么知道150字是什么样的？
By practicing and checking lots of times, so practice writing letters.
那就要通过大量的练习和检查，所以多多练习信件写作吧。
If I had an IELTS exam coming up, I would write a letter and an essay every single day so that I'd feel completely comfortable and confident,
如果我即将有一个雅思考试，我会每天练习一篇信件和论文写作，这样我会觉得舒服和有信心，
I know exactly what I'm going to do, and that's what you go ahead and do.
我清楚地知道我将要干什么，这就是你要放手去做的。
And then you will have a feeling and a knowledge of what 150 words is. Okay?Make sure you know.
这样你就会对150字什么样有一个感受和了解。对吧？确保你知道。
Because if you write less than 150 words, you will lose marks.If you write more than 150 words, you will not lose marks. Okay?So make sure you write at least 150 words.
因为如果你写的少于150字，你会丢失分数。如果你超出了150字，你不会丢失分数。所以一定要保证你至少写了150字。
But what's also important, I said here that if you write more you'll get...You'll still be fine, you won't lose any marks,
还有一点同样重要，我在这里说如果你写更多的字数你会...你会还好，不会丢失任何分数，
but you don't want to spend too much time because you need to finish in about 20 minutes.
但是你不会想花费太多时间，因为你必须在20分钟之内完成。
As I mentioned at the beginning, there are two tasks in your writing section, the letter plus the essay.
正如我在开头提到的，在写作部分有两个任务，信件写作和论文写作。
The essay is worth twice as many marks, so you want to make sure that you leave enough time, about 40 minutes for your essay.
论文写作的分值是信件写作的两倍，这样你要确保你留了足够的时间，大约40分钟给论文写作。
Right?This is also very important.All the marks count.
对吧？这也很重要。要计算所有的分数。
They check...They give you marks separately for the letter and they give you marks separately for your essay,
他们检查...他们分别给你的信件写作和论文写作单独的分数，
and then they give you a separate score for that, and finally they combine everything.
他们为这部分打一个单独的分数，最后会把各项分数相加。
So everything matters, but make sure you finish this part, the letter in 20 minutes.
所以每部分都重要，但要确保你完成了书信写作这部分，在20分钟内。
And again, the way to be able to do that is to practice.Practice and practice and practice.
再说一次，能做到的方法是要练习。练习，练习，再练习。
So you will write 150 words in 20 minutes and so on.Okay? With the paragraphs and all the other rules that I told you about.
你要在20分钟内写完150字。要用到段落以及其他我告诉你的规则。
Okay. Now, number 11 tells you to include all three bulleted points.What do I mean by that?
好，第十一个窍门告诉你要包含三个重点。这是什么意思？
If you have looked at some sample letter tasks that appear on the IELTS exam,
如果你已经看了一些雅思考试的信件写作任务范例，
they give you the situation and then they give you a second section which says: "Include this information in your letter", and they tell you three points.
他们会给你条件，后面会有第二个要素，就是：“信件中要包含这些信息“，然后他们会告诉你三点信息。
They're usually bulleted points. Okay?When they have a little dot like this it means it's a bullet.
他们通常就是三个重点。当他们有一个这样的小点时，就意味着它是一个重点。
And you must do those things.If you don't do one of these you will definitely lose a lot of marks.
你必须做到这些。如果你没有做到其中的一点，那么你毫无疑问会失去很多分数。
So, for example, suppose it was a letter that you're being asked to write to a landlord.It might say...Or, sorry.
所以，比如，假设这是一封你被要求写给房东的一封信。它可能会说。。抱歉。
You want to write a letter, let's suppose, to your landlord because the neighbour is making a lot of noise every night and you're having a lot of problems.
我们假设一下，你想要写一封信给你的房东，因为邻居每天晚上都制造很多噪音，你非常困扰。
So they will say: "In your letter explain the situation", so you have to make sure you do that.Next: "Describe why it bothers you."
所以他们会说：“在你的信中说明状况”，所以你必须确定能做到。接下来：“描述它为什么困扰你。”
Tell them you're a student.I mean, you need to make up a lot of information here.They don't tell you exactly what to write.
告诉他们你是一个学生。我的意思是，你需要编造很多信息。他们不会确切地告诉你写什么。
Everyone on that...In that examination hall is going to write a different letter, but you have to include certain points.
每个人...在考场上会写不同的信，但是你必须包含确定的点。
And third, maybe suggest a solution.What are you going to do?
第三，建议一个解决方法。你打算怎么做？
So if you leave out one of these, you will lose marks.So don't do that.
所以如果你遗漏了其中之点，你会丢失分数。所以不要这么做。
Always make sure whatever they have asked you to include, you include,
一定要确保不论他们要求你包含什么内容，你都要涵盖，
and then include whatever else you have time for that makes sense according to the task you have been given.
接着还要包括你有时间写的其他信息，来让整封信按照你收到的任务要求说得通。
Okay? And a few more important points which we will cover next.
接下来我们会说一些更重要的点。
Okay, the last three points, which are also very important for you to get that really high score.
最后的三点，对你得高分来说真的很重要。
Here we go.We're going to start from here and go upwards. Okay?There is a reason behind this.
让我们来看一看。我们从这里开始，向上进行。这背后是有原因的。
Okay, number 12: Understand the scoring criteria.What does that mean?
第十二：理解评分标准。什么意思？
You're going to get your points, or mark, or grade based on certain things that the IELTS examiners want you to do in this task.
你要得到你的要点，或分数，或成绩，要以特定的事物为基础，那就是雅思考官想要你在任务中做到的事。
So let's understand what those four things are.Number one is task achievement.
让我们了解一下这四件事是什么。第一个是任务完成。
That's a big word which simply means they want you to do everything you're supposed to do in the letter.
这是个很宽泛的词，意思简单说就是你应该做到他们想要你在信件写作中做到的所有事。
Do all.Give a full response.Remember those three points and everything?
做到所有。做出一个详尽的回应。记得三重点和每件事吗？
Make sure you include all the bulleted points, you do what they ask you to do.
确保你包括了所有的重点信息，你做了他们要求你做的。
And that you should write at least 150 words.
你应该写至少150字。
You will see that in their criteria a lot of the details of it is what I have covered also for you in these 14 points.
你会看到在他们的标准里，很多细节我都在这14个窍门里有阐述。
All right.Coherence and cohesion.
好了。连贯和衔接。
"Coherence" means that you present your ideas logically, it makes sense, you used paragraphs that are structured. Okay?
“连贯”意思是你有逻辑地阐述你的观点，它是说得通的，使用有结构的段落。
And "cohesion" means that it all goes together in a way that makes sense.
而“衔接”意思是所有内容以一种说得通的方式连接到一起。
For example, your ideas should make sense, they should sort of stick together.
比如，你个观点应该说得通，它们应该有些关联。
And you should use standard expressions that we talked about for apologizing, for thanking, for making a request and so on. Okay?
你应该使用我们说过的规范表达，来道歉，表示感谢，提出请求等等。
The third point is Lexical resource they call it.What does that mean?
第三点是他们称为词汇量。意思是什么？
That means they want to make sure that you're using your vocabulary correctly, naturally, fluently.
意思是他们希望确保你能正确地，自然地，通顺地使用你的词汇。
Okay? Lots of varied vocabulary.Not the same words again and again.
很多各种各样的词汇。不要总是相同的词汇不断重复。
The last one, they also want to make sure that you use correct spelling.
最后一点，他们还想确保你拼写正确。
They do minus marks if you get...Make spelling mistakes.Okay? So be careful of that.We've talked about it before.
他们真的会扣分如果你...犯了拼写错误。一定要小心这点。我们之前讨论过这点。
And the last one is grammar range and accuracy.They want you to use varied grammar structures. All right?
最后一个要点是语法范围和精准度。他们希望你用多变的语法结构。对吧？
To write different kinds of sentences; simple sentences, complex sentences, compound sentences. All right?
要写不同类型的句子；简单句，复杂句，复合句。
Don't just write the same kind of sentences.
不要总是写一种句子。
And use correct punctuation and capitalization, which goes with proper English writing. Okay.Now, let's go upwards.
还要正确使用标点和大写，也就是正确的英语书写。让我们往上看。
What's the other really, really important thing that you need to do to get very high marks in this letter-writing section?
想要在信件写作中得高分，其它你需要做的特别重要的事有什么？
Write a letter every day.Practice and practice this letter writing.But there's a second part to that.
每天写一封信。不断地练习信件写作。之后还有第二步。
Practice and get your letters or letter checked by an IELTS teacher.Ideally, an IELTS teacher.
练习之后，把你写的信给雅思老师检查。理想的是，一个雅思老师。
Not only an English teacher because not every English teacher has IELTS experience or understands this exam, or the demands of this exam.
不只是一个英语老师，因为不是每个老师都有雅思经验或者了解这个考试以及这个考试的要求。
So the best...Always try to get the best teacher you can get who really knows what you need to do.
所以最好是...尽力找你能找到的最好的老师，他能真地了解你的需要。
So, try to get your letters checked by an IELTS teacher because if you keep practicing every day and nobody checks it, that's tricky. Okay?
因此，尽力让一位雅思老师检查你的信，因为如果你每天都练习，但是没人检查的话，是徒劳无功的。
There are two sections of this exam which you can really cannot prepare for by yourself according to me,
这个考试中有两个部分，在我看来你真的不能只靠自己准备，
and I've been teaching for a long time, so they are speaking and writing.
我已经教了很长的时间的雅思英语，他们就是口语和写作。
Somebody has to give you feedback.
必须有人给你反馈。
When you get that feedback you will know what you need to improve and correct to get that higher score and also to improve your English.
当你得到反馈的时候你会知道哪里需要提高和改正，才能得到更高的分数同时提高你的英语水平。
So make sure you get some feedback somewhere along the way so that you know what's strong and what's weak. Okay?
因此保证在学习过程中你能得到他人的反馈，这样你会知道自己哪里擅长哪里不擅长。
And last: Read model letters from reliable sources, but don't memorize them.Okay? Don't memorize.
最后：阅读来源可靠的信件模板，但不要背它们。好吗？不要背诵。
Don't try to memorize the entire letter because you don't know exactly what you're going to get.
不要试着记住整封信，因为你不能确切地知道你会得到什么要求。
But it will help you a lot to read sample letters and only from reliable sources.
但是看来源可靠的书信范例会帮助你很多。
For example, I wrote a website called www. goodluckielts. com and there,
比如，我在这里写了一个网址是 www. goodluckielts. com，登陆这个网页，
there are many sample letters, sample letter topics, and you can be sure that the English there is perfect.
这里有很多书信范例，书信主题范例，你可以确定的是这里的英语很纯正。
Unfortunately there are a lot of websites today, and not all of them have perfect English even in their so-called model essays or model letters.
不幸的是今天有很多网站，他们中不是所有都是纯正的英语，甚至是在他们称为模范文章和模范书信里。
Okay? So make sure whenever you go to a site that it is a site that you can be sure of so that you learn the right things and don't do any of the wrong things.
所以确保无论何时你登陆一个网页，它都是一个有保证的网页，这样你会学习正确的事物，而不是学到任何错误的事物。
Okay? So, what do you do now?Well, I suggest these things: Go to our website at www. engvid. com.Why?
对吧？那么你现在都知道什么了？我认为有这些事：登录我们的网站 www. engvid. com。为什么？
Because there you can download for free a resource which will contain all 14 of these points-okay? -for you.
因为在那你可以免费下载资源，包括所有这14个窍门。
So in case you didn't write them down, don't worry, I've written them all down for you clearly.
所有以防你不知道把它们记录下来，我已经在这里清楚地写出来了。
Plus you will get those expressions, those standard expressions that I mentioned you need to use to make your letter writing easier.
你还会得到这些表达方式，这些我提到的规范表达，你需要在写信时用到来使写作更简单。
You also will get sample letter topics so that you get some idea of what is a formal question look like, a semi-formal, an informal.
你还会看到书信主题范例，这样你会对一个正式的提问是什么样的有所了解，或者是半正式提问和非正式提问。
And also sample letters, which I've written for you. Okay?So please grab that resource.
还有书信范例，我已经写给你了。所以请获取这些资源。
It's free and it's available for you, for anyone who wants to download it. Okay?
对你，对任何想要下载的人来说，它是免费可得的。
And while you're there also check out our website because we have lots and lots of other resources which can help you,
同时你还可以收藏我们的网站，因为我们有众多资源可以给你带来帮助，
and lots of videos and lessons which can help you do better on your IELTS.
很多视频和课程可以帮助你更好地学习雅思。
And subscribe to my YouTube channel because that will really help you improve your grade in terms of very many aspects
订阅我的 YouTube 频道因为它们对你多方面地提高成绩很有帮助，
that go into making a really good English speaker and English writer. All right?
从而在英语口语和写作方面变得优秀。
I wish you all the best with your IELTS and with your English.Thanks very much for watching.
希望你的雅思考试和英语学习一切顺利。非常感谢观看。
I know you're a serious student, and I'm sure you're going to do well.All the best.Bye.
我知道你们都是很认真的学生，我肯定你们会做得很好。一切顺利。再见。
