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He crossed the Rubicon River which separated the province of Cis-alpine Gaul from Italy. Everywhere he was received as the "friend of the people." Without difficulty Caesar entered Rome and Pompey fled to Greece Caesar followed him and defeated his followers near Pharsalus. Pompey sailed across the Mediterranean and escaped to Egypt. When he landed he was murdered by order of young king Ptolemy. A few days later Caesar arrived. He found himself caught in a trap. Both the Egyptians and the Roman garrison which had remained faithful to Pompey, attacked his camp.
不过。恺撒很走运。他成功地焚毁了埃及舰队。可不巧的是，大火迸出的火星落在埃及著名的亚历山大图书馆的屋顶上（它正好位于码头边），将这座珍藏着无数古代典籍的建筑付之一炬。摧毁埃及海军后，恺撒回过头来进攻埃及陆军，将惊慌溃逃的士兵赶进尼罗河，托勒密本人也溺水身亡，随即建立了一个以已故国王的姐姐克娄帕特拉为首的新政府。此时又有消息传来，米特拉达特斯的儿子兼继承人法那西斯准备发动战争，为自杀的父亲复仇。恺撒立刻挥师北上，持续作战五昼夜，打败了法那西斯。在给元老院的捷报中，他为世人留下了一句名言，"veni，vidi，vici"，意思是"我来了，我看见了，我征服了！"然后恺撒返回埃及，不可救药地坠入情网，拜倒在女王克娄帕特拉魅力非凡的裙下。公元46年，恺撒携克娄帕特拉一起返回罗马，接掌政权。
