Until recently，the“science of the future”was supposed to be electronics and artificial
intelligence．Today it seems more and more likely that the next great breakthroughs in
technology will be brought through a combination Of those two sciences with organic chemistry
and genetic engineering．This combination is the science of biotechnology．
    Organic chemistry enables us to produce marvelous synthetic(合成的)materials．However,
it is still difficult to manufacture anything that has the capacity of wool to conserve heat and also
tO absorb moisture．Nothing that we have been able to produce so far comes anywhere near the
combination of strength．1ightness and flexibility that we find in the bodies of ordinary insects．
    Nevertheless．scientists in the laboratory have already succeeded in“growing”a material
that has many of the characteristics of human skin．The next step may well be“biotech hearts and
eyes”which can replace diseased organs in human beings．These will not be rejected by the body,
as is the case with organs from humans．
  The application of biotechnology to energy production seems even more promising．In 1996
the famous science．fiction writer，Arthur C．Clarke，many of whose previous predictions have
come true。said that we may soon be able to develop remarkably cheap and renewable sources of
energy．Some of these power sources will be biological．Clarke and others have warned us
repeatedly that sooner or later we will have to give up our dependence on non-renewable power
sources．Coal，oil and gas are indeed convenient．However，using them also means creating
dangerously high levels of pollution．It will be impossible to meet the growing demand for
energy without increasing that pollution to catastrophic(灾难性的)levels unless we develop
power sources that are both cheaper and cleaner．
    It is attempting to think that biotechnology or some other “science of the future” can solve
 our problems．Before we surrender to that temptation we should remember nuclear power．Only a
few generations ago it seemed to promise limitless，cheap and safe energy．Today those promises
1ie buried in a concrete grave in a place called Chernobyl，in the Ukraine．Biotechnology is
 unlikely．however, to break its promises in quite the same or such a dangerous way．
41 According to the passage，the science of the future is likely to be
  A electronics．
  B biotechnology．
  C genetic engineering．
  D nuclear technology．
42 Organic chemistry helps to produce materials that are
  A as good as w001.
  B as good as an insect’s body．
  C not as good as natural materials．
  D better than natural materials．
43 According to the．passage，it may soon be possible
  A to make something as good as human skin．
  B to produce drugs without side effects．
  C to transplant human organs．
  D to make artificial hearts and eyes．
44 In 1996. Arthur C．Clarke predicted that
A biological power sources would be put into use soon．
B oil，gas and coal could be repeatedly used in the future．
C dependence on non—renewable power sources would be reduced soon
D the Chernobyl disaster would happen in two years．
45 What do we learn from the last paragraph?
  A  Biotechnology can solve all our future energy problems．
  B  Biological power is cheaper than nuclear power．
  C  Biological power may not be as dangerous as nuclear power
  D  Biological power will keep all its promises．

第5部分：补全短文  (第46—50题，每题2分，共10分)

    阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择
5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位
置上。
Why Would They Falsely Confess?
  Why on earth would an innocent person falsely confess to committing a crime? To most
people，it just doesn’t seem logical．But it is logical，say experts。if you understand what call
happen in a police interrogation(审讯)room．
  Under the right conditions，people’s minds are susceptible(易受影响的)to influence，and
the pressure put on suspects during police questioning is enormous．         (46)“The
pressure is important to understand，because otherwise it's impossible to understand why
someone would say he did something he didn’t do．The answer is：to put all end to an
uncomfortable situation that will continue until he does confess．
  Developmental psychologist Mary Redlich recently conducted a laboratory study to
determine how likely people are to confess to things they didn’t do.         (47)the
researchers then intentionally crashed the computers and accused the participants of hitting
“alt” key to see if they would sign a statement falsely taking responsibility．
Redlich’s findings clearly demonstrate how easy it can be to get people to falsely
59 percent of the young adults in the experiment immediately confessed.          (48) Of
the 15-to 16-year-olds，72 percent signed confessions，as
13-year-olds．  
  “There’s no question that young people are more at risk，”says Saul Kassin，a psychology
professor at Williams College，who has done similar studies with similar .          (49)
  Both Kassin and Redlich note that the entire ‘‘interrogation” in their experiments consisted
of a simple accusation-not hours of aggressive questioning--and still，most participants falsely
decision．”
(50)“In some ways，”says Kassin，“false confession becomes a rational
A In her experiment，participants were seated at computers and told not to hit the“alt” key,
  because doing So would crash the systems．
B Because of the stress of a police interrogation，they conclude，suspects can become
convinced that falsely confessing is the easiest way out of a bad situation．
C “It’s a little like somebody’s working on them with a dental(牙齿) drill,” says Franklin
  Zimring，a law professor at the University of California at Berkeley．
D“But the baseline is that adults are highly vulnerable too．”
E  The court found him innocent and he was released．
F  Redlich also found that the younger the participant，the more likely a false confession．

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