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Hello! This week on Ask a Teacher, we answer a question from Ahmed in Egypt about the usage of the words "arrogance" and "ego."
你好! 本周《名师答疑》节目中，我们回答来自埃及的艾哈迈德的问题，即怎样用arrogance（傲慢）和ego（自负心/自我价值感）这两个词。
Dear Teacher, I'm just asking about the difference between arrogance and ego because I hear actors use them interchangeably in movies.
亲爱的老师，我想问arrogance和ego之间有什么区别，因为我听见演员们在电影中会互换使用这两个词。
Thank you for writing to us, Ahmed.
谢谢你给我们写信，艾哈迈德。
I’m happy to answer this question.
我很乐意回答这个问题。
First, let’s explain the word "interchangeably."
首先，让我们解释一下"互换"这个词。
It describes using two things for the same purpose.
这个词表示将两样东西用于相同的目的。
For example, when we talk about the weather, the words "cloudy" and "overcast" mean the same thing.
比如，当我们谈到天气时，"多云"和"阴天"这两个词的意思是一样的。
"Ego" and "arrogance" are both nouns and are often interchangeable.
"自负心"和"傲慢"都是名词，常常可以互换。
The American dictionary publisher Merriam-Webster defines "ego" as having a sense of self-worth and "arrogance" as having a much greater sense of self-worth over others.
美国词典出版公司梅里亚姆-韦伯斯特将ego定义为具有自我价值感，而将arrogance定义为比其他人有更强烈的自我价值感。
"Arrogant" and "egotistical" are the adjective forms of these words.
"傲慢的"和"自负的"是这两个词的形容词形式。
An arrogant or egotistical person thinks he or she is better than other people.
傲慢的或自负的人认为他/她比其他人更优秀。
You have heard actors using both terms because they usually mean the same thing.
你听见演员使用这两个词，因为这两个词通常表示相同的东西。
But we have particular ways of using each of these words.
但这两个词也有特殊的用法。
Here are some examples of how to use the two words:
这里有一些如何使用这两个词的例句：
That actor has such a big ego. He agrees to be in movies only if he gets to play the leading role.
那个演员很自负。只有他能扮演主角时，他才会同意出演电影。
You can feel her arrogance when she makes all those negative comments about other artists.
当她对其他艺术家发表所有这些负面评论时，你可以感受到她的傲慢。
We sometimes say that a person "has a big ego."
我们有时说一个人has a big ego（自负心很强）。
But we do not say that a person "has a big arrogance."
但我们不会说一个人has a big arrogance。
That is because "arrogance" is a non-count noun.
这是因为arrogance是不可数名词。
To have "an inflated ego" is another common way of saying that a person is egotistical.
拥有"膨胀的自负心"是表示一个人很自负的另一种常见说法。
"Arrogance" is often used with a negative meaning.
"傲慢"通常带有贬义。
But "ego," defined as a sense of self-worth, is neither positive nor negative.
但ego也可以被定义为自我价值感，既不是褒义的，也不是贬义的。（注：ego在心理学中表示一个人的自我价值感。）
For example: The teenage years are important for the development of a healthy ego.
例如：青少年时期对于发展健康的自我价值感很重要。
When a person feels their ego has been affected negatively, we say that person has "a wounded ego."
当一个人觉得自己的自我价值感受到了负面影响时，我们会说这个人的"自我价值感受伤了"。
And while we can use the expression "a big ego," we rarely say "a small ego."
虽然我们可以使用a big ego（很强的自负心）这个表达方式，但我们很少说a small ego（很弱的自负心）。
Instead, we say a person "is not egotistical."
相反，我们会说一个人"不是自负的"。
Or, we simply say a person is humble.
或者，我们也直接说一个人很谦虚。
And that’s Ask a Teacher.
以上就是《名师答疑》
I’m Andrew Smith.
我是安德鲁 · 史密斯。
