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Hello!
你好!
This week on Ask a Teacher, we answer a question from an English learner named Sidra.
本周《名师答疑》，我们回答一位名叫西德拉的英语学习者的问题。
Sidra asks: I want to know the difference between adverb[s] of frequency and degree and…between participle[s] and gerunds.
西德拉问：我想知道频率副词和程度副词的区别，以及分词和动名词的区别。
Thank you for writing, Sidra.
谢谢你的来信，西德拉。
First, let's answer your question about adverbs.
首先，我们回答关于副词的问题。
Different adverbs show different kinds of information.
不同的副词表示不同的信息。
Adverbs of time tell us four things: when, how long, how often, and relationship in time.
时间副词告诉我们四件事：什么时候，多长时间，多久一次，以及时间上的关系。
When something takes place. For example:
表示事情发生的时间，例如：
I finished the project yesterday.
我昨天完成了这个项目。
How long something lasts, or duration.
表示一件事持续多久，即持续时间。
The class seemed to last forever.
这堂课似乎永远不会结束。
Frequency, or how often something happens.
表示频率，即某事多久发生一次。
Sometimes I skip breakfast.
有时我不吃早饭。
And, the relationship of two things in time.
表示两件事情在时间上的关系。
He still has my laptop.
他还拿着我的笔记本电脑。
Adverbs of degree answer the questions “How much/many?” or “To what extent?”
程度副词表示“多少？”或者“到什么程度？”
For example: She’s staying with us for a bit.
例如，她会和我们一起住一段时间。
We’re fairly certain it’s a good idea.
我们相当肯定这是个好主意。
Degree adverbs can also demonstrate intensity.
程度副词也可以表示强度。
Some show high intensity. These kinds of adverbs are known as amplifiers.
有些程度副词表示高强度。这类副词被称为强调副词。
The food was completely gone.
食物已经全部吃完了。
Others show low intensity, called diminishers.
有些程度副词表示低强度，这类副词被称为减弱副词。
I’m almost finished with the book.
这本书我几乎快看完了。
So, adverbs of frequency tell how often, and adverbs of degree tell how much or to what extent.
所以，频率副词说明频率有多高，程度副词说明程度有多深。
Now for the second question: the difference between participles and gerunds.
现在回答第二个问题：分词和动名词的区别。
We know that verbs can end in -ing.
我们知道动词可以以-ing结尾。
Participles and gerunds are also words that end in -ing.
分词和动名词也是以-ing结尾的词。
Let’s look at the differences.
让我们来看看它们之间有什么不同。
When a verb ends in -ing, it is the progressive or continuous aspect.
当动词以-ing结尾时，它表示正在进行或延续的状态。
That means the event is incomplete or temporary.
这意味着事件是不完整的或暂时的。
We are listening to the podcast.
我们正在听播客。
She was studying at the library.
她正在图书馆学习。
Gerunds also have an -ing ending, but they do not act like verbs.
动名词也有一个-ing结尾，但用法与动词不同。
A gerund is a noun.
动名词是名词。
This means it can be the subject or object of a sentence.
可以作句子的主语或宾语。
For example: Listening to music is my favorite hobby.
例如：听音乐是我最大的爱好。
She loves running.
她喜欢跑步。
Participles have an -ing ending, too.
分词也有一个-ing结尾。
They also do not act as verbs.
它们也不充当动词。
A participle is an adjective.
分词是形容词。
We usually use a participle when we are describing an experience that makes us feel certain emotions.
当我们描述使我们感受到某种情绪的经历时，通常使用分词。
For example: Her answer was surprising.
例如：她的回答令人惊讶。
In this sentence, the participle "surprising" describes how you feel about “her answer.”
在这个句子中，分词“令人惊讶的”描述了你对“她的回答”有什么感觉。
Some other words that are often used as participles are amazing, boring, calming, exciting, and worrying.
还有一些常用的分词有令人惊叹的的，无聊的，令人平静的，令人兴奋的和令人担忧的。
Please let us know if this explanation has helped you, Sidra.
请让我们知道这些解释是否对你有帮助，西德拉。
And that’s Ask a Teacher.
以上就是本期《名师答疑》。
I’m Gena Bennett.
我是吉娜·班尼特。
