One person worth mentioning in the history of Shu-Han is Guan Yu, one of Liu Bei,s sworn brothers,who was regards as a model of devotion in Chinese culture.
蜀汉时值得一提的人物是关羽。关羽的一生,最重情义、誓言。
He was a man of keeping his words and loyalty to his friends in his life: after promising to fight with Liu Bei and becoming his sworn brother, Guan Yu by no means changed his mind until fought to death in Maicheng city.
自年轻时投奔刘备,便终生不改初衷,至死不渝。他是我国“义”的典型。
In 199, while Liu Bei turned against Cao Cao and fled to Xuzhou (now Jiang Su province), Guan Yu was left in Xiapi city to function as the governor.
建安四年(199),刘备反曹,逃至徐州(今江苏境内),由关羽镇守下邳城,代理太守。
In 200,Cao Cao seized Xuzhou, in confusion, Liu Bei and Zhang Fei escaped, Guan Yu was forced to surrender for protecting the wives and children of Liu Bei.
建安五年(200),曹操攻破徐州,刘备、张飞败逃后不知去向。关羽为保护刘备的妻子,被逼降曹。
Admiring him greatly, Cao Cao knighted Guan Yu as his intimate followers and sent Zhang Liao, one of his generals, to probe whether Guan Yu meant to fight for him. Guan Yu answered clearly that: ul do appreciate the kindness of Cao Cao. However, I have accepted the honor granted by Liu Bei and sworn to live and die for him. I can never betray what I committed, and therefore I will leave once I obtain the trace of Liu Bei. Nevertheless, I will contribute to Cao Cao as a return for his generosity before leave.
曹操对关羽甚为亲近,拜为偏将军。又让张辽去了解关羽的真正想法,关羽明确地说:“我确实很清楚曹公对我很好,但我曾受过刘将军的厚恩,曾发誓要同生死,这是不能背叛的。所以我最终还是要去找刘将军,不过在我走之前一定要立功来报效曹公。”
M Upon hearing these words, Cao Cao was deeply moved by Guan Yu ’ s devotion and not angry with him.
曹操知道后,深感关羽很讲义气,也没有追究。
Before the battle of Guan Du, Yuan Shao * s general Yan Liang was sent to attack Liu Yan at Bai Ma and at the crucial moment, Guan Yu and Zhang Liao was ordered to rescue the city.
官渡之战前,袁绍派大将颜良率军在白马攻打曹操的太守刘延,形势危急。曹操派张辽与关羽为先锋,前往解救。
Arriving at the battlefield, seeing Yan Liang ’ s banner in far distance,Guan Yu stroked his horse and dashed ahead, beheaded him at one round and defeated his armies.
到了阵前,关羽远远望见颜良的麾盖,即策马疾弛上前,斩颜良首级,大破颜良。
Cao Cao recommended to Han Xiandi to grant Guan Yu as Shouting Hou, the highest position among the generals in hoping that Guan Yu might work for him.
曹操知道后,为留下关羽,上表汉献帝封关羽为汉寿亭侯。
In 200, after getting the message of Liu Bei, Guan Yu wrote a letter to Cao Cao and left with all the rewards in intad. Cao Cao ’ s generals meant to chase and capture Guan Yu,Cao Cao said ‘‘ let him go,he serve merely his own master”
建安五年(200)底,关羽知道了刘备的下落,即封其所受的赏赐,留书信,挂印告辞而去。曹操的部将们都主张追击关羽,但曹操说:“各为其主,不追了。”
Guan Yu was the only God worshiped by Buddhism, Daoism and Confucianism in China : Buddhism regards him as the protector of the Buddha dharma ; and he was the symbol of devotion and fidelity being honored as Guandi Sheng Jun (the holy person) in Daoism and Confucianism.
关羽也是唯一被佛、道、儒三家崇拜的神,佛教把他当成是护法。道家、儒家把他当成是“忠义”的象征,尊称为“关圣帝君”。
Till now, there are still many admirers and believers in Guandi Temple all over the country.
至今,全国各地的“关帝庙”仍香火鼎盛。