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In Japan, most schools have uniforms for their students. The distinctive, traditional outfits were originally inspired by military designs, but since the 1980s, new styles have emerged.
日本的初中和高中几乎都有校服，有的学生甚至按照自己的制服喜好决定升学的学校，最近类似校服的便装也很流行。
Military Styles
男生穿“学生服”，女生穿“水手服”
A boy's uniform with stand-up collar.
一个穿学生服（立领）的男生
Traditional Japanese school uniforms show the influence of old European military uniforms. In this style, boys typically wear black or navy blue pants and jackets with stand-up collars. The first institute to introduce this kind of uniform was the Imperial University (now the University of Tokyo) in 1886. They are now worn principally by boys at junior high and high schools.
在日本，说到校服一般是指学生服和水手服。学生服是男生的校服，立领上衣加西装长裤，颜色为黑色或藏青色。据说这个款式源自于1886年帝国大学（现东京大学）制定的校服式样，现在主要由初中和高中采用。
The distinctive sailor outfits for junior high and high school girls, with their large naval-style collars, are said to have first been used at St. Agnes' University (Heian Jogakuin) in Kyoto in 1920. The uniform features in the popular manga and anime Sailor Moon, in which it is worn by the magical schoolgirl heroines. At some schools, students wear different ribbons in different grades, switching from red to blue to white, for example, as they move up each year.
水手服是女生穿的校服，其特点是带有一个很大且形状独特的“水手领”。日本的人气漫画《美少女战士》，描绘的就是身穿水手服的美少女战士们的故事。据说1920年，京都的平安女学院首次采用了水手服作为校服，现在主要是初中和高中采用这个款式。有些学校还规定不同学年系不同颜色的领巾（或领结），例如一年级是红色，二年级是蓝色，三年级是白色等。
