按功能分

空间(地方、位置、方向、范围、界限、包括、排除) about， above， across， after， against， along， among， round， at， before， behind， with， below， beneath， beside， besides， between， upon， save， beyond， but， by， concerning， down， on， out of， outside， over， past， through， throughout， towards， under， up

时间 after， before， as， between， by， during， for， from， in， on， over， past， till， until， up to， within， through， throughout

原因理由根源(目的，内容等) about， according to， as， because of，due to，owing to，on acount of， from， of， on， with， regarding， concerning， considering， through， by， under， for

2.容易混淆的介词：

区别讲解 例句 :

表 时 间 的 介 词 at， on， in at表示在几点几分(单位最小);on表示在具体的某一天或某天上午(下午晚上等);

in表示在几天、周、月、年。 I get up at six oclock.

It happened on a spring morning.

There are seven days in a week.

in the morning / evening / afternoon;at noon / night / dawn / sunrise / sunset / lunch / dinner / supper， etc.

during， for， in for后加一个表时间段的具体单位(常用复数);during强调持续或某活动期间;in指在一段时间内。 She has lived here for six years.

He was in English during the war.

In those days he was poor.

till， until till/until构成的短语修饰持续性动词，非持续性动词要用否定式。 They waited till/until 10:00.

They didnt leave until/till 10:00.

after， since after+时刻或时段，ll be back after eight oclock.

Shes lived here since 2002.

in， after in+时段，ll leave after 11:00.

He left after 11:00.

She left after a few hours.

Shell be back in half an hour.

表 空 间 位 置 及 方 向 方 位 的 介 词 at， on， in at指一个点或小地方;

in指一个地区或大地方空间内;on在某一平面或线上面。 They arrived at the village at ten.

Your pencil is in the desk.

Your pencil is on the desk.

on， above， over on与物体接触反义词为beneath;over在s a book on the desk and a pen beneath the book.

Theres a lamp over the desk and a bag under the table.

Jacks bedroom is above mine on the second floor.

over， across， through across表面跨过;

through从中间或从头至尾穿过;

over从上空越过。 Hes swimming across the river.

They walked through the forest.

A plane is flying over the city.

at， beside， by， next to， near at靠得最近