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For example, does the artist use harsh lines or soft lines? Are the colors bright or muted?
举个例子来说，这个画家使用的是硬朗的线条还是柔和的线条？色彩是鲜亮的还是柔和的？
Focus on the design elements that you feel are most strongly represented in that particular work of art.
集中说明你们在那幅艺术作品中感觉最强烈的那些设计元素。
And if you don't know where to begin, take note of where your eye goes first.
如果你们不知道从哪下手的话，留意一下你们最先把目光投向的地方。
Then describe things in the order in which your eye moves around the work.
然后按照你们的目光在这件作品上流转的顺序来进行描述。
This will help you understand how one part relates to another, the interaction between the different parts of the work. OK?
这会帮助你们理解一个部分是如何与另一个部分相联系的，帮助你们理解这个作品的不同部分之间的相互作用。懂了吗？
This kind of analysis should occur throughout the main portion of the paper.
这种分析应该贯穿论文的主要部分。
In the last section of your paper, and this goes beyond formal analysis, you comment on the significance of what you've seen, what details of the work convey meaning.
在论文的最后一部分就要超出形式分析了，你们要就你们看到的内容的重要性以及作品中哪些细节传达了意义发表自己的看法。
Some significant details will not be apparent to you right away, but if you look long enough, you realize how important they are for your interpretation of the work.
一些重要的细节不会立马浮现在你们眼前，但是如果你们看的时间足够长，就会意识到这些细节对你们对这个作品的解读来说有多么重要。
Many years ago, I was writing a formal analysis of a painting of a little boy.
很多年前，我在写一篇对画着一个小男孩的画作的形式分析。
In the painting, a little boy was standing in his nursery and he was holding a toy bird in his hand.
在那幅画里，一个小男孩正站在他的儿童室里，手里拿着一个玩具鸟。
And there were more toys around him in the background of the painting.
在画的背景里，他身边还有更多的玩具。
Because of the bird he was holding, I assumed at first that the painting was about the innocence of children.
由于他手里拿着的这只鸟，我起初以为这幅画是关于儿童的天真的。
But as I looked at the painting longer, I realized that the boy's eyes look sad even though there was no discernable expression on his face.
但是随着我看这幅画的时间越来越长，我意识到这个男孩的眼睛看起来很悲伤，虽然他的脸上没有可辨认的表情。
And then it dawned on me that even though he was surrounded by toys, he was all alone in his nursery.
然后我突然醒悟，即使他身边满是玩具，但他孤单一人在儿童室里。
The boy's eyes were a significant detail in the painting that I didn't notice at first.
这个男孩的眼睛是我起先没有注意到的这幅画里的一个至关重要的细节。
