virtuoso
【考法 1】 n. 艺术鉴赏家,专家: a person with masterly skill or technique in the arts
【例】 a violin virtuoso 资深小提琴艺术家
【近】 adept, connoisseur, maestro, master, maven, proficient, wizard
【反】 amateur, inexpert 业余爱好者,非专业玩家
【考法 2】 adj. 经验丰富的,技艺精湛的: having or showing exceptional knowledge, experience, or skill in a field of endeavor
【例】 The American virtuoso cellist Lynn Harrell joins the orchestra as soloist in Shostakovich's technically challenging Cello Concerto No 2. 来自美国的技艺精湛的大提琴家林恩·哈雷尔作为独奏者加入了乐队,共同演绎肖斯塔科维奇充满挑战的《第二大提琴协奏曲》。
【近】 accomplished, adept, consummate, experienced, masterful, professed, skilled, versed, veteran
【反】 amateur, inexperienced, inexpert, unprofessional, unseasoned, unskilled, unskillful 业余的,经验不足的
【派】 virtuosity n. 精湛技艺
virtuous
【考法 1】 adj. 品德高尚的,正直的: having or showing virtue, especially moral excellence
【例】 Virtuous behavior is its own reward. 美德本身就是一种回报。‖She felt that she had made a virtuous
decision by donating the money to charity. 她觉得把钱捐赠给慈善基金是一个高尚的决定。
【近】 decent, ethical, honest, honorable, moral, noble, righteous, straight, upright
【反】 bad, evil, immoral, indecent, sinful, unethical, unrighteous, wicked, wrong 邪恶的
virulent
【考法 1】 adj. 有毒的: extremely poisonous or venomous
【例】 virulent bacteria 有毒的细菌
【近】 poisonous, toxic, venomous
【反】 innocuous 无害的;healthy, salubrious, wholesome 有益健康的
【考法 2】 adj. 凶残的: marked by a rapid, severe, and destructive course
【例】 a virulent look on her face 面露凶色
【近】 cruel, malevolent, malicious, malignant, spiteful, vicious
【反】 benevolent, benign, benignant, loving 仁慈的
【派】 virulence n. 毒性,恶毒
viscid
【考法 1】 adj. 有粘性的: having a glutinous consistency
【例】 viscid tree resin 粘性的树脂
【近】 adherent, adhesive, clingy, gluey, glutinous, tenacious, viscous
【反】 slick 光滑的
viscous
【考法 1】 adj. 粘稠的,粘的: viscid; sticky
【例】 viscous syrup that takes forever to pour from a narrow-neck bottle 不知要花多久才能从窄口瓶中倒出来的粘稠糖浆
【近】 glutinous, syrup, viscid
【反】 fluid, watery 流体的,易流动的
visionary
【考法 1】 adj. 空想的,不切实际的: having or marked by a tendency to be guided more by ideals than by reality
【例】 a visionary plan for a manned flight to Mars 一个构想中的载人火星计划
【近】 idealistic, imaginary, impractical, quixotic, romantic, utopian
【反】 pragmatic 实事求是的,务实的
【考法 2】 adj. 幻觉的: not real and existing only in the imagination
【例】 claimed to have had visionary experiences of hell 宣称有过到达地狱的幻觉
【近】 chimerical, dreamy, fabulous, fantastic, illusory, phantom, unreal
【反】 actual, existent, existing, real 真实存在的
【考法 3】 adj. 有远见的: having or marked by foresight and imagination
【例】 a visionary and legendary leader 一个有远见的传奇性领袖
【近】 farseeing, farsighted, forehanded, foreseeing, forethoughtful, prescient, proactive, provident
【反】 improvident, myopic, shortsighted 目光短浅的
vitality
【考法 1】 n. 活力,生命力: physical or mental vigor especially when highly developed
【例】 Her vitality seemed to spread to everyone around her. 她的活力似乎能影响身边的每一个人
【近】 animation, bounce, dynamism, energy, liveliness, robustness, verve, vibrancy, vigorousness, vim
【反】 lethargy, listlessness, sluggishness, torpidity 精神不振
【派】 vitalize vt. 激发,使有活力
vitiate
【考法 1】 v. 削弱,损害: to reduce the value or impair the quality of
【例】 Too many grammatical errors can vitiate the soundness of your writing, so double-check is recommended before submission. 太多的语法错误会削弱你论证的力度,所以强烈建议交稿前检查几遍。
【近】 blemish, cripple, deface, degrade, deteriorate, flaw, harm, impair, mar, undermine
【反】 doctor, fix, mend, patch, rebuild, recondition, reconstruct, renovate, repair, revamp 修复,再生
【考法 2】 v. (在道德、审美上)降低,堕落: to debase in moral or aesthetic status
【例】 Penchant for coarse language vitiates what is otherwise a refined literary style. 使用粗俗语言的倾向使得本该是一个高雅的文体变得不堪入目。
【近】 abase, cheapen, corrupt, debauch, demean, demoralize, deprave, pervert, profane, prostitute, subvert
【反】 elevate, ennoble, uplift 使高尚
【派】 vitiated adj. 受损害的
vitriolic
【考法 1】 adj. (言辞)刻薄的: bitterly scathing
【例】 vitriolic criticism 刻薄的批评
【近】 acerbic, acid, acrid, bitter, biting, caustic, corrosive, harsh, mordant, scalding, scathing, sharp, tart
【反】 balmy, benign, bland, delicate, light, mellow, mild, nonabrasive, soft, soothing, tender 柔和的
【派】 vitriol n. 刻薄的话语
vituperate
【考法 1】 vt. 谩骂,责骂: to abuse or censure severely or abusively
【例】 was vituperated for betraying his friends 因为背叛他的朋友而被责骂
【近】 abuse, assail, belabor, berate, castigate, excoriate, lambaste, reprimand, scold, rail, revile, upbraid
【反】 admire, commend, laud, praise 赞赏
【派】 vituperative adj. 辱骂的
n. 活力,生命力