apprehension

【考法 1】 n. 忧虑，恐惧：suspicion or fear especially of future evil

【例】She had a strong apprehension about her sister's health 她非常担心她姐姐的健康。

【近】dread, foreboding, misgiving, anxiousness, unease, uneasiness, worry

【反】composure, equanimity 镇定；unconcern 冷漠

【考法 2】 n. 逮捕：seizure by legal process : arrestment

【例】apprehension of the thief 逮捕小偷

【近】arrest

【反】discharge 释放

【考法 3】 n. 理解：the knowledge gained from the process of coming to know or understand something

【例】a good apprehension of how computer systems work 对计算机是如何工作的有很好的理解

【近】understanding, comprehension

【反】incomprehension

apprise

【考法 1】 v. 通知，告知：to give notice to; inform

【例】apprise him of the danger that may be involved 告知他可能涉及的危险

【近】inform, acquaint, make known to

【反】withhold information 隐瞒信息

approbation

【考法 1】 n. 同意：an expression of warm approval

【例】The proposal met his approbation. 这项建议得到了他的同意。

【近】approval, favor

【反】disapproval, disapprobation, disfavor 不同意

appropriate

【考法 1】 v. 私自挪用 to take possession of or make use of exclusively for oneself, often without permission

【例】to appropriate private property 盗用私人财产

【例】The economy has been weakened by corrupt officials who have appropriated the country's resources for

their own use. 经济因为腐败的官员们私自挪用国家资源而被削弱了。

【近】purloin, pirate, embezzle, peculate, usurp

【考法 2】 adj. 适当的：especially suitable or compatible: fitting

【例】Red wine is a more appropriate choice with the meal. 红酒更适合这顿饭。

【例】I don't think jeans and a T-shirt are appropriate attire for a wedding. 我觉得穿牛仔和 T 恤去婚礼不太得体。

【近】apt, becoming, felicitous, fitting, proper, meet, suitable, apposite, apropos

【反】improper, inapposite, inappropriate, inapt, unmeet, unseemly, unsuitable 不合适的

apropos

【考法 1】 adj.相关的：being both relevant and opportune

【例】The actor announced to reporters that he would only answer to apropos questions about the movie. 演员

向记者表示，他只回答那些和电影有关的问题。

【近】appliacable, apropos, germane, pointed, relative, relevant

【反】extraneous, irrelevant, impertinent, irrelative, pointless 无关的

【考法 2】 prep. 关于，有关：having to do with

【例】to make a number of telling observations apropos the current political situation 做了很多关于当前政治形势

有力的观察

【近】apropos, apropos of, as far as, as for, as regards (also as respects), as to, concerning, of, on, regarding,

respecting, touching, toward (or towards)

apt

【考法 1】 adj. 恰当的,合适的：exactly suitable; appropriate

【例】apt remark/ choice/ description 恰当的评述、选择、描述

【近】apropos, germane, relative, relevant, appropirate

【反】extraneous, irrelevant, impertinent, irrelative 无关的；inappropriate, improper, unseemly 不恰当的，不合时

宜的

【考法 2】 adj. 有…倾向的，可能的：having a tendency : likely

【例】He is apt to fly out in rage. 他容易发脾气。

【近】likely, inclined, tending, given

【反】unlikely 不可能的；disinclined 没有…倾向的

【考法 3】 adj. 聪明的 keenly intelligent and responsive

【例】an apt pupil 一个聪明的小学生

【例】He is apt at mathematics. 他擅长数学。

【近】brilliant, clever, quick-witted, ready-witted, smart

【反】foolish, dull, dumb, stupid, unintelligent 傻的

archaic

【考法 1】 adj. 过时的，久远的：no longer current or applicable; antiquated

【例】archaic laws 过时的法律

【近】antiquated, outdated, outmoded, prehistoric, superannuated

【反】fashionable 流行的；up-to-date, fresh, modern, new, novel 新的

【派】archaism 古语：the use of archaic diction or style

【反】modern diction 新语

archetype

【考法 1】 n.典范，榜样：an ideal example of a type

【例】an archetype of the successful entrepreneur 成功企业家的典范

【近】ideal, a perfect example, quintessence

【考法 2】 n.先驱，鼻祖：something belonging to an earlier time from which something else was later developed

【例】The abacus is sometimes cited as the archetype of the modern digital calculator 算盘是现代计算器的鼻祖

【近】antecedent, foregoer, forerunner, precursor, predecessor, prototype

【考法 3】 n. 原型：something from which copies are made

【例】“‘Frankenstein’ . . . ‘Dracula’ . . . ‘Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde’ . . . the archetypes that have influenced all

subsequent horror stories”(New York Times)

“‘弗兰肯斯坦’…‘德秋拉’…‘杰基尔博士和海德先生’影响了所有继之而来的恐怖故事的原型”(纽约时报)

【近】archetype, prototype

ardor

【考法 1】 n. 狂热：strong enthusiasm or devotion; zeal

【例】His ardor was damped. 他的热情被泼了冷水。

【近】avidity, zeal, fervor, fervency, fervidness, passion, passionateness, vehemence

【反】apathy, torpor, impassivity, insensitivity 冷漠，麻木

arduous

【考法 1】 adj. 难以做到，费劲的：hard to accomplish or achieve: difficult

【例】a long and arduous undertaking 一项长期艰苦的任务

【例】an arduous journey across miles of desert 艰苦的沙漠之旅

【近】grueling, laborious, taxing, onerous, burdensome

【反】easy, simple, unchallenging, undemanding, facile, effortless 不费劲的