英语口译三级精讲第61讲讲义

课文口译（三）

一、词汇口译

august 威严的、尊严的
conflagration 灾难性冲突
defy control 无法控制
internal conflict 国内冲突
impede social and economic development 阻碍社会经济的发展
grinding / abject poverty 赤贫
look (up) to 依赖
succour 解救、救助
predicament 困境
cripple their capacities 能力受挫
reappear 卷土重来
lethal nexus 致命的联系体
tuberculosis 肺结核
devastating consequences破坏性后果
ring听起来
the spirit of good neighborliness 睦邻友好精神
reign 盛行
South Summit 南方首脑会议
reap the benefit of peace 收获和平的成果
portend 预示
live in dignity 体面地生活
reinvigorate 振兴

二、口译技巧

1.词性转换

名词转化为动词
For the vast majority of peoples, grinding poverty has remained a fact of their everyday existence.
对绝大多数人来说，赤贫仍然日日与他们相伴。

2.拆分
The world is also faced with the scourge of internal conflicts / which threaten regional peace and impede social and economic development.
世界面临着国内冲突带来的灾难，/ 它们威胁着地区和平，并阻碍社会和经济发展。（拆分后使用增词技巧，增加主语。）

3.短语单独成句
challenges of poverty and new disease that have so far defied scientific knowledge and control.
科学技术在贫困和新的疾病面前依然束手无策。

due to the heavy burden of external debts which have crippled their capacities for national initiatives.
因为这些国家外债沉重，它们建设国家的能力受到严重破坏。（原文冲“national initiatives”采用意译的技巧。）

4.反译
Although the world has generally become a safer place to live in, thanks to the contributions of the United Nations, we must all feel deeply worried that the message of hope which this organization has been spreading, is yet to reach the millions of mankind for whom it is intended.
由于联合国的贡献，总的来说，世界比以前更加安全。但是，我们也深感不安，因为联合国还未能将希望带给其为之服务的数以百万计的人民。同时运用了增词的技巧：根据原文意思增加“其为之服务的”省略技巧：“to live in”和“the message”在译文中省略不译。

In addition, we now have AIDS which continue to defy control
现在，又有了艾滋病，至今无法控制

5.省略
Old disease, such as tuberculosis, which we all thought had been eradicated, have reappeared with devastating consequences especially in developing countries.
我们原以为已经根除的疾病如肺结核，现在又卷土重来，带来了破坏性的后果，在发展中国家尤其如此。（原文中形容词“Old”省略不译）