在2015考研暑期复习这段黄金期，同学们可以静下来心来认真备考各个科目。在这里，考研小编着重为大家分享考研英语暑期复习中长难句如何进行拆分和翻译。

　　Economic growth over the business cycle is driven mostly by swings in demand, and in recent years demand has been held back: households have been repaying their debts; the government has restrained its spending and raised taxes; and interest rates, having reached zero, are unable to fall further.

　　词汇识别：
　　Economic growth over the business cycle 商业周期中的经济增长
　　swings in demand 需求的波动
　　held back 停滞
　　Repay 偿还
　　Restrain 抑制

　　主干识别：
　　并列句一：Economic growth is driven mostly by swings in demand
　　并列句二：demand has been held back

　　其他成分：冒号对并列句二进行解释;
　　1.households have been repaying their debts;
　　2.the government has restrained its spending and raised taxes;
　　3. interest rates, having reached zero, are unable to fall further.
　　这句的主干是：interest rates are unable to fall further
　　having reached zero 状语

　　参考译文：商业周期中的经济增长主要是由需求的波动来推动的。最近几年，需求停滞了：家庭一直在忙于偿还债务;政府抑制支出提高税收;银行利率已经降到零点无法再降。