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So, to summarise before we continue, we now have our key answer...
所以，在我们继续之前，先总结一下，我们现在有了关键答案...
studying this subject is important because without geographical knowledge, we would know very little about our surroundings and we wouldn't be able to identify all the problems that relate to them.
学习这门学科很重要，因为如果没有地理知识，我们对周围环境的了解就会很少，我们就无法识别与之相关的所有问题。
So, by definition, we wouldn't be in an informed position to work out how to solve any of them.
所以，根据定义，我们不可能知道如何解决这些问题。
Okay, now for some practicalities. What do geographers actually do?
好了，现在来看一些实际问题。地理学家实际上是做什么的？
Well, we collect data to begin with! You'll be doing a lot of that on your first field trip!
首先，我们要收集数据！在你的第一次实地考察中，你会做很多这样的事情！
How do we do this? There are several means.
我们该怎么做呢？有好几种方法。
We might, for example, conduct a census -- count a population in a given area perhaps.
例如，我们可能会进行一次人口普查--对某一特定地区的人口进行统计。
We also need images of the earth's surface which we can produce by means of computer-generation technology or with the help of satellite relays.
我们还需要地球表面的图像，我们可以通过计算机生成技术或卫星中继的帮助来生成这些图像。
We've come a very long way from the early exploration of the world by sailing ships when geographers only had pens and paper at their disposal.
从早期用帆船探索世界到现在，我们已经走了很长一段路，那时地理学家只能使用笔和纸。
After we've gathered our information, we must analyse it!
在我们收集了信息之后，我们必须分析它！
We need to look for patterns, most commonly those of causes and consequences.
我们需要寻找模式，最常见的是因果关系。
This kind of information helps us to predict and resolve problems that could affect the world we live in.
这类信息帮助我们预测和解决可能影响我们生活的世界的问题。
