1.infer v.推论，推断(to derive as a conclusion from facts or premises)

例：Biologists can infer how species are related evolutionarily by comparing DNA sequences.

派生词：inferential(a．推论性的)：inference(n．推论，结论)

2.inferior a．(to)次的，较差的( of less importance, value, or merit)

联想记忆：infer(推断)+ior--推断的东西是次要的，事实才是依据--次的

例：My strength is inferior to that of a younger man.

3.infest v.大批滋生，蔓延(to spread over in a troublesome manner)

词根记忆：in（进入）+fest(匆忙)--（繁殖）得很快--大批滋生

例：The newly developed pesticide is effective against the insects that have infested cotton crops.

派生词：infestation(n.群袭，横行)

同根词：festive(a．欢庆的)：festinate(a．仓促的)

4.infirmary n.医院，医务室(a place where the infirm or sick are lodged for care and treatment)

词根记忆:in(不)+firm(结实的)+ary--柔弱的人常去的地方--医院

5.inflammation n．发炎(the act of inflaming)；炎症(the state of being inflamed)

联想记忆：in(使…)+flam(火焰)+m+ation(名词后缀)--发炎像火烧似的疼痛--发炎

例：Asthma, a bronchial condition, is a much less common ailment than hay fever, an allergic inflammation of the nasal passages.

6.inflammatory a．煽动性的(tending to excite anger or disorder);发炎的(characterized or caused by inflammation)

词根记忆：in（进入）+flam(火)+matory--起火的--发炎的

例：The language used in newspaper headlines is inflammatory.//an inflammatory condition of the tonsils扁桃腺发炎

7.inflate v.充气(to fill with air or gas so as to make it swell)；抬高(物价)(to increase abnormally)；（通货）膨胀

词根记忆：in（进入）+flate(气)--让气进去--充气

例：inflate the tires给轮胎充气//inflate prices抬高价格

派生词：inflation(n．膨胀：通货膨胀)

同根词：deflate(v．放气)

8.inflation n．膨胀(an act of inflating)；通货膨胀(a continuing rise in the general price level)

词根记忆：来自inflate(v.膨胀)

例：It fits the rational expectations theory of inflation but not the inertia theory of inflation.

9.inflationary a．通货膨胀的(of, characterized by, or productive of inflation)

词根记忆：来自inflate(v.膨胀)

例：Many economists predict that the next recession will be caused by Federal Reserve action taken to prevent an inflationary upsurge.

同根词：inflatable(a.膨胀的；得意的)