第156句:
A 2008 study by two Harvard economists notes that the "Iabor-market premium to skill"-or the amount college graduates eamed that's greater than what high-school graduate earned-decreased for much of the 20th centurlf, but has come back with a vengeance (报复性地) since the 1980s.
两位哈佛经济学家在一份2008年的研究中指出,“劳力市场给予技术的补贴”—或者说,大学毕业生与高中毕业生的收入差距——在20世纪大多数时间里缩小了,但从20世纪80年代起这种差距又报复性地拉大了。
六级词汇讲解:
本句的主干是...study...notes that...。第一个that引导的宾语从句that the“labor-market...”...since the 1980s作notes的宾语。该从句中又包含多重从句,其主干为the“labor-market premium to skill" decreased, but has come back;两个破折号之间的内容则对labor-market premium to skill进行补充说明,在该部分中,两个定语从句college graduates eamed和that's greater than what high-school graduate eamed均修饰the amount。
premium意为“酬金,额外费用”。vengeance意为“报仇,复仇”。 decrease意为“下降,减少”。如:
Our company tries to decrease the costs.
我们公司设法降低成本。
六级考点归纳:
decrease、lessen、diminish和reduce这组动词的一般含义为“减少”。decrease和lessen比较普通,一般可以代替这组词中的任何其他词。
decrease强调数目逐渐减少或情感逐渐减退。如:
My interest in online shopping gradually decreases.
我对网上购物的兴趣逐渐减退。
lessen与decrease近义,指数目、程度、价值、实力等的减少。如:
The cancer patient has to take painkillers/turn to drugs to lessen his pain.
癌症病人靠吃止痛药来减轻痛苦。
diminish表示减少损失。如:
We must diminish the cost ofproduction.
我们必须缩减生产成本。
reduce可以表示尺寸、数量、程度或强度的减少,也可以表示地位、处境、状况的降低。如:
The landlady won't reduce the rent of our house.
女房东不肯减收我们的房租。
The bankrupt was reduced to despair.
破产者陷入了绝望。