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Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of
hunting behavior. Viewing biologically, the modernS1. __________
footballer is revealed as a member of a disguised hunting
pack. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football
and his prey into a goal-mouth. If his aim is inaccurate and heS2. __________
scores a goal, enjoys the hunter’s triumph of killing his prey.
To understand how this transformation has taken place weS3. __________
must briefly look up at our ancient ancestors. They spent over aS4. __________
million year evolving as co-operative hunters. Their very survivalS5. __________
depended on success in the hunting-field. Under this pressure
their whole way of life, even if their bodies, became radicailyS6. __________
changed. They became chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers,
throwers and prey-killers. They co-operate as skillful male-groupS7. __________
attackers.
Then, about ten thousand years ago, when this immenselyS8. __________
long formative period of hunting for food, they became
farmers. Their improved intelligence, so vital to their old
hunting life, were put to a new use—that of penning (把S9. __________
……关在圈中), controlling and domesticating their prey. The
food was there on the farms, awaiting their needs. The risks and
uncertainties of farming were no longer essential for survival.S10.__________
