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汉译英练习（一）
Ⅰ、比较结构
（一）比较对比的短语：
与…比较，与…相比compared with…, in comparison with
与…形成鲜明对照in contrast with（或to）
(1) _______________ （与我成长的地方相比）, this town is more prosperous and
exciting. [2008.06/90]
(2) _______________ （和同龄的其他孩子相比）, Robert is very tall.
（二）平级比较as…as；not as… as；not so much …as …（与其说…不如说…）；the
same …as
(3) They will contact us _______________（尽快）.
(4) He is _______________（与其说他是位学者）as a writer.
（三）more than…；more and more；the more…the more…
(5) In my sixties, one change I notice is that _______________（我比以前更容易累了）.
(6) I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because
___________________（它更加方便和省时）.
(7) Once we were off the main freeway _______________（这趟旅行更像是度假）.
(8) As the disease worsened （他感到走路越来越困难）.
(9) The more you explain, （我越糊涂）.
(10) The more preparation you do now, （考试前你就越不会紧张）.
（四）否定词+比较级nothing more… than；no less than…不亚于…
(11) Since my childhood I have found that （没有什么比读书对我更
有吸引力）.
(12) （她的勤奋不亚于）than her sister.
（五）倍数增减的表示法
(13) Force N1 _______________(比力N2大2.5倍).
(14) This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍).
(15) The earth _______________(是月球大小的49倍).
(16) The landlord _______________(想将租金提高三分之一).
Ⅱ、倒装句
（一）Only引导的状语从句位于句首，句子要倒装
(1) Only then (那个医生才意识到他的病人需要手术).
(2) Only when you adjust down your price (我们才能做
成这笔买卖)
（二）句首出现带有否定意义的词位，句子要倒装
(3) At no time （允许吸烟）in the meeting-room.
(4) （直到他完成使命）did he realize that he was seriously ill.
（三）固定结构Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner…than
(5) Scarcely had she fallen asleep (一阵敲门声就把她吵醒).
(6) No sooner had Anne arrived (就生病了).
Ⅲ、强调句
(1) (正是Jefferson写下了)the Declaration of Independence.
(2) (正是因为水涨了)we could not cross the river.
(3) (直到我告诉她) Mrs. Williams knew anything about it.
汉译英练习（一）参考答案
Ⅰ、比较结构
(1)Compared with the place where I grew up
(2) Compared with other children of the same age
(3) as soon as possible
(4) not so much a scholar
(5) I am more likely to get tired than before
(6) it is more convenient and time-saving
(7) the trip felt more like a vacation
(8) he found walking more and more difficult
(9) the more confused I am/get/become
(10) the less nervous you’ll be before the exam
(11) nothing is more attractive to me than reading/nothing attracts me more than reading
(12) She is no less diligent/hardworking than her
(13) is 2.5 times greater than Force N2
(14) reacts 3 times as fast as the other one
(15) is 49 times the size of the moon
(16) wants to raise the rent by a third
Ⅱ、倒装句
(1) did the doctor realize that the patient needed an operation
(2) can we close the deal/conclude the business
(3) is smoking permitted
(4) Not until he had finished his mission
(5) when a knock at the door awakened her
(6) than she fell ill
Ⅲ、强调句
(1) It was Jefferson who wrote
(2) It was because the water had risen that
(3) It was not until I told her that
汉译英练习（二）
Ⅳ、虚拟语气
（一）非真实句的虚拟
基本形式（主要考与过去和现在将来相反的虚拟语气）,特别注意时间状语(混合时间虚
拟)
（1）The victim _______________________ (本来会有机会活下来) if he had been
taken to hospital in time.
（2）If I hadn’t _______________________ (警告你，你就可能丧命了).
（3）If _______________________ (如果我是你), I shouldn’t be worried.
（4）If you ________________ (在那里住上一段时间，你就会改变对那地方的看法了).
（5）If I _______________________ (昨天跟他说了，现在我就知道该怎么办了).
（6）If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _____________
_______________ (你就不可能像现在这么笑了).
在非真实条件句中如果有were, had, should这三个词，可以省去if，采用主谓语倒装的形
式来表示条件
（7）Were you in my place, _______________________ (你也会这样干的).
（8）Had it not been for their opposition, _________________ (这项法案早就通过了).
（9）Should there be another war, ____________________ (人类的生存就会有
危险).
otherwise(要不然，否则), but for(若不是，若非)经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语
（10）But for his help, _________________ (我们就不会以这么低的价格租到房子了).
（11）Mary couldn’t have received my letter, _____________（否则她上周就该回
信了）.
wish/if only（但愿，真希望，要是…就太好了）
（12）If only I _______________________ (能通过大学英语四级考试)!
（13）Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ___________________(听你的).
（14）Sometimes I wish I _____________________ (生活在一个不同的时间和空间).
（15）Jack wishes that ______________________ (他在大学学的是商务而不是历史).
（二）would rather, It’s (about/high) time(该是…的时候了), as if / as though后引导的从
句虚拟
（16）I would rather _________________________ (你明天来).
（17）Hugh usually talks _________________________ (仿佛他是老板似的).
（18）It’s (high) time that something ______________ (采取措施解决交通堵塞的问题).
（三） (should)+动词原形(一般式/被动式/否定式)
信号词：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词和名词．．．．．；带有感情色彩的形容词．．．；连词．．lest
（19）The professor required that _______________________ (我们交研究报告).
（20）We insist that _______________________ (让杰克立刻进医院).
（21）We are going to discuss his suggestion that ________________ (取消期中考试).
（22）It is ridiculous that __________________ (我们在一个总是下雨的国家还缺水).
（23）It is absolutely unfair that these children ____________________ (被剥夺了受
教育的权利).
（24）It is essential that ______________________ (每个人都为紧急情况做好准备).
（25）It is a shame that _____________________ (他竟然欺骗了那个可怜的小女孩)!
（26）He walked lightly _______________________ (以免惊醒婴儿).
（27）Take your raincoat _______________________ (以防下雨).
Ⅴ、情态动词
（1）Some psychologists claim that people ___________ (出门在外时可能会感到孤单).
（2）The phone is ringing, but there is no answer. ________________(她一定不在家).
（3）You screamed in your sleep last night. __________(你一定梦见什么可怕的东西了).
（4）_______________________ (我没必要穿上我最好的套装) to go to the party;
most of the guests were wearing jeans and sweaters.
汉译英练习（二）参考答案
Ⅳ、虚拟语气
（1） would have survived
（2） warned you, you could have been killed
（3） I were you
（4） lived there for a while, you would change your mind about that place
（5） had spoken to him yesterday, I should know what to do now
（6） you couldn’t be smiling like this now
（7） you would do the same
（8） this act would have been passed much earlier
（9） the existence of the human race would be in jeopardy
（10） I could not have rent a house at such a low price
（11） otherwise she would have replied to me last week
（12） I could pass the CET-4
（13） had followed your advice
（14） were living in a different time and space
（15） he had studied business instead of history when he was in university
（16） you came tomorrow
（17） as if/though he were the boss
（18） were done to solve the problem of traffic jam
（19） we (should) hand in our research report
（20） Jack (should) be sent to hospital right now
（21） The mid-term exam (should) de cancelled
（22） we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always raining
（23） these children (should) be deprived of the right to receive education
（24） everyone (should) be prepared for emergency
（25） he should deceive that poor little girl
（26） lest he should awaken the baby
（27） in case it should rain
Ⅴ、情态动词
（1） might feel lonely when they are away from home
（2） She can’t be at home
（3） You must have dreamed of something terrible
（4） I needn’t have put on my best suit to go to the party
