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Violent crime decreased in the United States in 2023, a new report from the Federal Bureau of Investigation says.
美国联邦调查局的一份新报告称，2023年美国的暴力犯罪有所减少。
The FBI released its report Monday.
美国联邦调查局周一发布了这份报告。
The report shows violent crime dropped an estimated three percent in 2023 from the year before.
报告显示，2023年暴力犯罪估计比前一年下降了3%。
Murders dropped almost 12 percent.
谋杀案下降了近12%。
Here is what the Associated Press (AP) said about the FBI report: Crime increased sharply during the coronavirus pandemic, with homicides increasing by nearly 30 percent in 2020 from the year before.
以下是美联社(AP)对FBI报告的评论：在新冠病毒大流行期间，犯罪率急剧上升，2020年凶杀案比前一年增加了近30%。
That was the largest one-year increase since the FBI began keeping records.
这是自联邦调查局开始记录以来增幅最大的一年。
Experts said possible reasons for the rise include the huge disruption of the pandemic, gun violence, worries about the economy and intense stress.
专家表示，犯罪率上升的可能原因包括疫情的巨大破坏、枪支暴力、对经济的担忧以及巨大的压力。
The FBI data show that, in 2022, violent crime across the U.S. decreased to levels near those before the pandemic.
联邦调查局的数据显示，2022年，美国各地的暴力犯罪率下降到接近大流行前的水平。
Crime continued to decrease last year from 377 violent crimes per 100,000 people in 2022 to 364 per 100,000 people in 2023.
去年，犯罪率继续下降，从2022年的每10万人377起暴力犯罪下降到2023年的每10万人364起。
Deputy Assistant Director Brian Griffith of the FBI’s Criminal Justice Information Services Division said that rate is a little higher than the 2019 rate.
联邦调查局刑事司法信息服务部副助理局长布莱恩·格里菲斯表示，这一比率略高于2019年的比率。
“Are we looking at crime rates at a return to pre-pandemic levels? I think a reasonable person would look at that and say, ‘Yes, that’s what has happened,’” Griffith told the AP.
“我们看到犯罪率是否正在恢复到大流行前的水平？我认为一个正常人看到这些数据会觉得，‘是的，正是如此，’”格里菲斯告诉美联社。
The largest cities, those with populations of one million or more, recorded the biggest drop in violent crime at almost seven percent.
最大的城市，即那些人口在100万或更多的城市，暴力犯罪率的降幅最大，达到近7%。
Agencies in communities of 250,000 to almost 500,000 people reported an increase of .3 percent, between 2022 and 2023.
在2022年至2023年期间，25万至近50万人社区的机构报告犯罪率增长了0.3%。
Rape decreased more than nine percent while aggravated assault decreased nearly three percent.
强奸下降了9%以上，而严重袭击下降了近3%。
Overall, property crime decreased two percent, but automobile stealing increased 13 percent.
总体而言，财产犯罪减少了2%，但汽车盗窃增加了13%。
There were about 319 motor vehicle thefts per 100,000 people in 2023.
2023年，每10万人中约有319起机动车被盗事件。
That was the largest increase since 2007.
这是自2007年以来的最大增幅。
The FBI collects data through its Uniform Crime Reporting Program.
联邦调查局通过其统一犯罪报告计划收集数据。
Not all law enforcement agencies in the U.S. take part in the reporting.
并不是美国所有的执法机构都参与了这份报告。
The 2023 report is based on data from more than 16,000 agencies, or more than 85 percent of those agencies in the FBI's program.
这份2023年的报告是基于1.6万多个机构的数据，占联邦调查局项目中此类机构的85%以上。
The agencies included in the report protect almost 316 million people across America.
报告中包括的机构为全美近3.16亿人提供保护。
And every agency with at least one million people in its jurisdiction provided a full year of data to the FBI, the report said.
报告称，每个在其管辖范围内至少有100万人的机构都向联邦调查局提供了全年的数据。
“What you’re not seeing in that number are a lot of very small agencies," Griffith said.
格里菲斯说：“这些数据中没有包括的机构都是些非常小的机构。”
The FBI’s findings are similar to the findings of the independent, nonprofit group, Council on Criminal Justice based in Washington, D.C.
联邦调查局的调查结果与总部设在华盛顿特区的独立非营利性组织刑事司法委员会的调查结果相似。
Earlier this year, it examined crimes rates across 39 U.S. cities.
今年早些时候，该委员会调查了美国39个城市的犯罪率。
The group said that most violent crimes are at or below 2019 levels.
该组织表示，大多数暴力犯罪达到或低于2019年的水平。
It said that there were 13 percent fewer homicides across 29 cities that provided data during the first half of 2024 compared to the same period in 2023.
报告称，与2023年同期相比，2024年上半年提供数据的29个城市的凶杀案减少了13%。
Another Justice Department report, the National Crime Victimization Survey, was released earlier this month.
司法部的另一份报告《全国犯罪受害调查》于本月早些时候发布。
It said that the violent crime victimization rate rose from about 16 per 1,000 people in 2020 to 22.5 last year.
报告称，暴力犯罪受害者比例从2020年的每千人约16人上升到去年的22.5人。
The report said that the rate last year was not statistically different from the rate in 2019.
报告称，去年的增长率与2019年的增长率在统计上没有差异。
It said the rate has dropped a lot since the 1990s.
它说，自20世纪90年代以来，这一比率下降了很多。
The FBI report and the Crime Victimization Survey use different study methods and collect different kinds of information.
联邦调查局的报告和犯罪受害者调查使用不同的研究方法，收集不同类型的信息。
The victimization survey is carried out every year. It questions about 240,000 people.
受害情况调查每年进行一次。它询问了大约24万人。
The FBI's data only includes crimes reported to police.
联邦调查局的数据只包括向警方举报的犯罪。
The victimization study aims to record crimes that people did not report to police.
而受害研究旨在记录人们没有向警方报告的犯罪行为。
The victimization survey does not include data on murder or crimes against children under 12 years old.
受害情况调查不包括谋杀或针对12岁以下儿童的犯罪的数据。
I’m Caty Weaver.
我是凯蒂·韦弗。
