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An instrument has launched from the United States to measure the world’s carbon and methane levels in an effort to help fight climate change.
美国发射了一种仪器，用于测量世界上的碳和甲烷水平，以帮助应对气候变化。
The instrument is attached to a satellite called Tanager-1.
该仪器被安装在一颗名为Tanager-1的卫星上。
It was launched August 16 by a public-private partnership called the Carbon Mapper Coalition.
该项目于8月16日由一个公私合作组织“碳测绘联盟”发起。
The satellite was carried to space aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from the Vandenberg Space Force Base in California.
这颗卫星是由SpaceX猎鹰9号火箭从加利福尼亚州范登堡太空部队基地运载到太空的。
Ground controllers reported they successfully established communications with the satellite shortly after launch.
地面控制人员报告说，他们在发射后不久就成功地与卫星建立了通信。
A statement from NASA said the satellite is equipped with a gas-seeking instrument powered with “imaging spectrometer technology.”
美国国家航空航天局的一份声明说，这颗卫星配备了一个气体探测仪器，采用了 “成像光谱仪技术”。
A spectrometer is an instrument used to study the chemical composition and structures of substances.
光谱仪是一种用于研究物质化学成分和结构的仪器。
NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) developed the imaging spectrometer instrument.
美国国家航空航天局的喷气推进实验室（JPL）开发了成像光谱仪仪器。
The joint project also involved other organizations, including Planet Labs PBC.
该联合项目还涉及其他组织，包括PlanetLabsPBC。
The private company helped build the Tanager-1 satellite.
这家私人公司帮助建造了Tanager-1卫星。
Tanager-1 is one of two satellites developed by the Carbon Mapper Coalition. The other satellite has not yet been launched.
Tanager-1是碳测绘联盟开发的两颗卫星之一。另一颗卫星目前尚未发射。
The coalition says it aims to support the collection of detailed data on methane and carbon dioxide emissions worldwide.
该联盟表示，其目标是支持收集全球范围内甲烷和二氧化碳排放的详细数据。
The coalition hopes to use the data to drive reductions in methane and carbon pollution.
该联盟希望利用这些数据来推动减少甲烷和碳污染。
Scientists have linked carbon and methane emissions to warming temperatures on Earth.
科学家已将碳和甲烷的排放与地球温度升高联系起来。
Many climate experts blame most of the warming on pollution caused by human activities.
许多气候专家将大部分变暖归咎于人类活动造成的污染。
NASA says the instrument aboard Tanager-1 measures “hundreds of wavelengths of light that are reflected by Earth’s surface.”
美国国家航空航天局表示，Tanager-1上的仪器可以测量“地球表面反射的数百种波长的光”。
This method permits the instrument to find sources of carbon and methane based on the light wavelengths they show.
这种方法允许仪器根据它们显示的光波长找到碳和甲烷的来源。
The process produces “fingerprints” that the imaging spectrometer can identify, NASA said.
美国国家航空航天局（NASA）表示，该过程会产生成像光谱仪可以识别的“指纹”。
This data can be used to provide highly detailed information on where the world’s carbon and methane come from.
此数据可用于提供关于世界上的碳和甲烷来自何处的高度详细信息。
The level of detail is so exact, it can even identify “individual facilities and equipment,” the space agency added.
航天局补充说，其细节水平精确度之高甚至可以识别“单个设施和设备”。
Laurie Leshin is director of the JPL, which is based in Pasadena, California.
劳里·莱欣是喷气推进实验室的主任，该实验室位于加利福尼亚州的帕萨迪纳。
She said in a statement the imaging spectrometer technology is the product of more than 40 years of development at NASA.
她说，在一份声明中，成像光谱仪技术是美国国家航空航天局40多年发展的产物。
Leshin said such detailed emissions data can help policymakers, governments and environmental organizations worldwide.
莱欣说，这样详细的排放数据可以帮助全世界的政策制定者、政府和环保组织。
When fully operational, Tanager-1 will aim to capture data across 130,000 square kilometers of Earth’s surface each day.
当全面投入运行时，Tanager-1每天将致力于捕获地球表面13万平方公里的数据。
This will permit scientists to identify specific gas clouds releasing carbon dioxide and methane.
这将允许科学家识别释放二氧化碳和甲烷的特定气体云。
NASA said the collected data will be publicly available online at the Carbon Mapper data portal.
美国国家航空航天局表示，收集到的数据将在CarbonMapper数据门户网站上公开提供。
NASA says about half of methane emissions worldwide are caused by human activities.
美国国家航空航天局表示，全球约一半的甲烷排放是由人类活动造成的。
The biggest polluters are called “super emitters,” said Carbon Mapper Coalition chief executive Riley Duren.
碳测绘联盟首席执行官莱利·杜伦称，最大的污染者被称为“超级排放者”。
He told the Reuters news agency that super emitters produce more than 100 kilograms of methane per hour.
他告诉路透社，超级排放者每小时产生超过100公斤的甲烷。
This level of release could add up to 20 to 60 percent of an area’s total emissions in some industries, Duren said.
杜伦说，在一些行业中，这种程度的排放可能占到一个地区总排放量的20%至60%。
In addition, the agency noted, “There is now 50 percent more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere than there was in 1750, an increase largely due to the extraction and burning of coal, oil, and (natural) gas.”
此外，该机构指出，“现在大气中的二氧化碳含量比1750年增加了50%，这一增长主要是由于煤炭、石油和（天然）气的开采和燃烧。”
Duren said in a statement the Carbon Mapper Coalition is a good example “of how organizations from different sectors are uniting around a common goal of addressing climate change.”
杜伦在一份声明中表示，碳测绘联盟是一个很好的例子，“说明来自不同部门的组织如何围绕应对气候变化的共同目标团结起来。”
He added that having the ability to exactly identify the sources of carbon and methane “can drive significant action around the world to cut emissions now.”
他补充说，拥有准确识别碳和甲烷来源的能力“现在可以推动世界各地采取重大行动来减少排放。”
The launch of Tanager-1 came after NASA’s February deployment of the PACE satellite.
Tanager-1 发射之前，美国国家航空航天局于2月部署了PACE卫星。
It is designed to closely study the world’s oceans and atmosphere.
该卫星旨在紧密研究世界的海洋和大气。
PACE stands for Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, Ocean Ecosystem.
PACE代表浮游生物、气溶胶、云、海洋生态系统。
The satellite will spend at least three years studying the environment from an orbit 676 kilometers above the Earth’s surface.
这颗卫星将至少花费三年时间，从距离地球表面676公里的轨道上研究环境。
I’m Bryan Lynn.
我是布莱恩·林恩。
