评论
打印
People who grow their own food are familiar with planting tomatoes, peppers, squash, herbs, berries and other common fruits and vegetables.
自己种菜的人对种植西红柿、辣椒、南瓜、香草、浆果和其他常见水果和蔬菜并不陌生。
However, they may not think of growing plants for drinks.
然而，他们可能不会想到种植植物来制作饮品。
Gardening expert Jessica Damiano recently wrote about plants you can grow to make tea.
园艺专家杰西卡·达米亚诺最近写了一篇关于你可以种植用茶树的文章。
Damiano, who writes for the Associated Press, says that growing your own tea plants in the garden can provide enough leaves and flower buds to keep your tea pot filled year-round.
为美联社撰稿的达米亚诺说，在花园里种植自己的茶树可以提供足够的茶叶和花蕾，让你的茶壶一年四季都充满茶香。
And the plant to grow, she says, is camellia sinensis (var. sinensis), also known as the “tea plant.”
而且这种植物，她说，是茶树（变种：中国茶树），也被称为“茶植物”。
These evergreen plants are easy to grow in any amount of sunlight, from deep shade to full sun.
这些常绿植物易于生长，在任何阳光照射量下都能生长，从深荫到全日照。
However, ideal growing conditions are part sun to light shade.
然而，理想的生长条件是部分阳光，部分阴凉。
They require well-draining soil with a slightly acidic pH.
种植茶树需要排水良好的土壤，且pH值略呈酸性。
Young plants will take about two years to produce enough leaves for tea.
幼株需要大约两年的时间才能长出足够的叶子来制作茶叶。
In five years, one plant should provide enough for an average tea drinker.
五年后，一株植物应该能为一个普通的饮茶者提供足够的茶叶。
If you need more tea, Damiano says to plant more camellia sinensis.
如果你需要更多的茶叶，达米亚诺说要种植更多的茶树。
Camellia sinensis is called the “tea plant” because white, green, black, and oolong teas all come from this plant.
茶树被称为“茶植”，因为白茶、绿茶、红茶和乌龙茶都来自这种植物。
Their differences come from harvesting practices and after-harvest treatments.
它们之间的差异来自于收获方法和收获后的处理。
For white tea, pick the flower buds before they fully open.
对于白茶，要在它们完全开放之前采摘花蕾。
Heat the buds in a pan over low heat, moving them often for about 10 minutes. Cool them and store in an airtight container.
将嫩芽放入平底锅中，用小火加热，反复翻炒大约10分钟。冷却后放入密封容器中储存。
For green, black and oolong tea, pick two or three of the youngest leaves from each stem, along with the leaf bud from each stem tip.
对于绿茶、红茶和乌龙茶，从每根茎上挑选两三片最嫩的叶子，以及每根茎尖的叶芽。
Do this every 10 to 12 days as new growth develops.
随着新的生长周期，每隔 10 到 12 天进行一次这样的操作。
Preparing green, oolong, or black tea all have different processes.
准备绿茶、乌龙茶或红茶都有不同的过程。
For making green tea, briefly steam leaves over boiling water.
制作绿茶时，将茶叶放在沸水上短暂蒸一下。
Then put the leaves on a clean towel and let them sit for five minutes.
然后把叶子放在一条干净的毛巾上，让它们静置五分钟。
Roll up the leaves in the towel gently to remove extra water.
将叶子轻轻地卷在毛巾里，以去除多余的水分。
Remove the leaves from the towel, separate them, and place them on a baking sheet.
从毛巾上取下叶子，将它们分开，并将它们放在烤盘上。
Heat in an oven or toaster oven set to 148 degrees Celsius (300 degrees Fahrenheit) for 10 to 15 minutes or until the leaves are completely dry.
在烤箱或烤面包机中以148摄氏度（300华氏度）加热10到15分钟，或直到叶子完全干燥。
Brew immediately or cool and keep them in an airtight container for future use.
立即冲泡，或冷却后放入密封容器中以备将来使用。
For making oolong tea, put the leaves in one layer on a baking tray. Put the tray in a sunny outdoor spot to let the leaves wilt.
制作乌龙茶时，将茶叶单层放置在烤盘上。把托盘放在阳光充足的户外，让叶子枯萎。
After 30 to 60 minutes, move the tray into the shade and move the leaves every hour for 8 to 10 hours.
30至60分钟后，将托盘移到阴凉处，每小时移动一次叶子，持续8至10小时。
Next, place the leaves in a wide pan and cook them over low heat for 15 minutes, moving gently as needed to prevent burning. Let the leaves cool.And roll each leaf individually to keep its oils and flavors.
接下来，将叶子放在一个宽平底锅中，用小火煮15分钟，根据需要轻轻移动以防止烧焦。让叶子冷却。并将每片叶子单独卷起来，以保持其油分和风味。
They should be completely dry before storing in an airtight container.
它们在存放在密封容器中之前应该完全干燥。
To make black tea, place leaves on a baking sheet in the sun for 10 to 12 hours to remove only 50 to 75 percent of the water.
制作红茶，首先将茶叶放在烤盘上，在阳光下放置10到12小时，仅去除50%到75%的水分。
Then, cut the leaves into long pieces and roll into small balls.
然后，将叶子切成长条，再卷成小球。
Place the balls in a warm room between 25 and 26 degrees Celsius (78 to 80 degrees F) that is not too dry of a room until they turn reddish-black.
将球放在温暖的房间里，温度在25到26摄氏度（78到80华氏度）之间，房间不要太干燥，直到它们变成红黑色。
Then, dry them in an oven at 93 degrees Celsius (200 degrees F) for 5 minutes.
然后，将茶叶放入93摄氏度（200华氏度）的烤箱中干燥5分钟。
Lower heat to 60 degrees C (140 degrees F) and continue drying for an additional hour. Cool and store in an airtight container.
将温度降至60摄氏度（140华氏度），继续干燥一小时。冷却后存放在密封容器中。
Native to China, camellia sinensis var. sinensis is cold-hardy. That means it can survive in cold weather.
原产于中国的茶树变种茶树是耐寒的。这意味着它可以在寒冷的天气中存活。
However, it may need some protection to survive cold winters.
然而，它可能需要一些保护来度过寒冷的冬天。
The same is true for another variety of this flower, camelia sinensis var. assamica. Native to India, this kind is more like a tree.
这种花的另一个变种--山茶花变种也是如此。这种花原产于印度，更像一棵树。
You will have to research which kinds of camellia sinensis can grow in your area.
你将不得不研究哪种茶树可以在你所在的地区生长。
On its website, the International Camellia Society gives you suggestions for how to protect these plants during a cold weather.
在其网站上，国际茶花协会为您提供了在寒冷天气中如何保护这些植物的建议。
Mulching: Apply a thick layer of mulch around the base to protect the roots.
覆土：在基部周围施加一层厚厚的覆盖物以保护根部。
Covering: Use a cloth to cover the plant during extreme cold.
覆盖：在极寒天气时，使用布料覆盖植物。
Watering: Water the plant well before the first freeze.
浇水：在第一次冰冻之前，给植物充分浇水。
Location: Plant your camellia in a sheltered spot, such as near a building, to protect it from cold winds.
位置：将山茶花种植在有遮蔽的地方，例如靠近建筑物的地方，以保护它免受寒风侵袭。
Pruning: Avoid pruning late in the season. New growth may not survive colder weather.
修剪：避免在季节后期修剪。新生长的部分可能无法在较冷的天气中存活。
I’m Anna Matteo. And I’m Andrew Smith.
我是安娜·马特奥。我是安德鲁·史密斯。
