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Experienced gardeners have likely learned to look out for poison ivy, a common plant found across North America, Europe and East Asia.
经验丰富的园丁可能已经学会了如何提防毒藤。毒藤是北美、欧洲和东亚常见的一种植物。
While this green, leafy plant is not life-threatening, it can cause severe skin reactions in many people.
虽然这种绿叶植物不会危及生命，但它会让很多人发生严重的皮肤反应。
Associated Press gardening writer Jessica Damiano recently wrote that while she personally has not had any bad experiences with poison ivy, many gardeners she knows have.
美联社园艺作家杰西卡·达米亚诺最近写道，虽然她本人没有被毒藤影响过，但她认识的许多园丁都有过这种经历。
So in an effort to help gardeners – or people who simply enjoy spending time outdoors – deal with this plant, Damiano has come up with some suggestions for how to find and safely get rid of it.
因此，为了帮助园丁--或者只是喜欢在户外消磨时间的人--处理这种植物，达米亚诺提出了一些如何找到并安全地处理这种植物的建议。
The official name for poison ivy is Toxicodendron radicans.
毒常春藤的正式名称是毒漆藤。
The plant contains oily chemical compounds, called urushiols, in its leaves, stems and roots.
这种植物的叶、茎和根中含有油性化合物，称为漆酚。
The American Skin Association estimates about 85 percent of the U.S. population is allergic to urushiols.
根据美国皮肤协会估计，大约85%的美国人口对漆酚过敏。
Of those, between 10 to 15 percent are considered “highly allergic.”
其中，10%至15%被认为是“高度过敏”。
The group says this makes the plant concerning – and possibly dangerous – for about 50 million Americans affected each year.
该组织称，对每年都会受影响的约 5000 万美国人来说，这种植物令人担忧，甚至可能是危险的。
Damiano writes that this means poison ivy should be removed from gardens in most cases.
达米亚诺写道，这意味着在大多数情况下，应该把毒藤从花园里移除。
But that can be tricky; touching the plant to remove it can harm those involved.
但这可能很棘手；移除的时候触摸到它，可能会伤害到参与其中的人。
Identifying poison ivy plants can be difficult.
识别有毒的常春藤植物可能很有难度。
This is partly because the plant takes on different appearances at different times of the year.
这在一定程度上是因为这种植物在一年中的不同时间是不同的样子。
Most often, however, its leaves are made up of three leaflets each.
然而，最常见的情况是，它的叶子是由三片小叶组成的。
The middle stem is longer than the stems of the side leaflets.
中间的茎比侧生小叶的茎长。
Young leaves usually appear shiny, while older leaves do not.
幼叶通常看起来有光泽，而较老的叶子则不会。
Larger, older vines, especially those climbing up trees, are hairy.
更大、更老的藤本植物，特别是那些爬树的藤本植物，是有毛的。
Leaf color can be green, red, pink-tinged, yellow or orange.
叶子的颜色可以是绿色、红色、粉红色、黄色或橙色。
Some leaf ends are smooth, while other have toothed edges.
一些叶子的末端是光滑的，而另一些则有齿状的边缘。
Damiano admitted that even she has trouble spotting poison ivy.
达米亚诺承认，即使是她也很难辨认出有毒的常春藤。
She has misidentified the plant in the past.
她过去曾认错过这种植物。
She said some people might want to seek advice from a poison ivy expert or do research online.
她说，有些人可能想要咨询一下毒藤专家，或者上网研究。
Local agriculture organizations can also be helpful in confirming a poison ivy identification.
当地农业组织也可以帮助确认有毒常春藤。
When dealing with poison ivy, people should wear protective clothing for their hands, arms, legs and eyes.
在处理毒藤时，人们在手、胳膊、腿和眼睛部分穿好防护服。
Avoid touching anything in the process, especially the face.
避免触摸过程中的任何东西，尤其是脸部。
Remember the plant can pass on its poison through clothing or tools.
记住，植物可以通过衣物或工具传递毒素。
The best way to completely remove poison ivy is to pull it up by its roots.
彻底清除有毒常春藤的最好方法是将其连根拔起。
For gardeners living in a four-season area, the job will be easiest in early spring, when the ground is softer.
对于生活在四季地区的园丁来说，这项工作在初春最容易，因为那时地面比较柔软。
The main roots of the plant can grow down about 30 centimeters and runner roots can spread outward in lengths up to six meters.
这种植物的主根可以向下生长约30厘米，而藤本植物的根可以向外扩展，长度最长可达6米。
Both of these root systems must be removed to avoid future growth.
必须移除这两个根系统，才能避免未来毒藤再生。
All parts of the poison ivy plant must be effectively removed.
毒藤植物的所有部分都必须被有效地移除。
This material should be placed in a tightly sealed, heavy black plastic bag and set out for waste removal.
要把它放在一个密封严密的沉重的黑色塑料袋中，然后再开始清理垃圾。
Poison ivy should never be burned. That is because the smoke is known to contain harmful substances that could be deadly if breathed in.
毒藤不可以烧毁。目前已知其烟雾中含有有害物质，如果吸入可能会致命。
After completing removal operations, do not touch anything.
移除毒藤之后，请勿触摸任何东西。
The plant’s poisons can remain.
这种植物的毒物可以保留下来。
First, wash your hands with one of several specialty products made to completely remove all poisons from the plant.
首先，用几种特殊产品中的一种洗手，这种产品可以完全清除植物中的所有有毒物质。
Avoid using your normal soap because these can spread the plant’s oils to other parts of the body.
避免使用普通肥皂，因为这些肥皂会将植物的油脂扩散到身体的其他部位。
After removing all clothes, take a shower with the same specialty cleanser.
脱掉所有衣服后，用相同的专用清洁剂洗澡。
I’m Bryan Lynn.
我是布莱恩·林恩。
