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Hi there.
嗨，你好啊。
This week on Ask a Teacher, we will answer a question about the difference between “environment” and “climate.”
本周《名师答疑》，我们回答关于environment和climate有什么区别的问题。
Hello, VOA learning English, my name is Sukhwant, and I am from India.
您好，美国之音英语学习栏目，我的名字是苏克旺特，我来自印度。
I have a question about the difference between “environment” and “climate.”
我想请教environment和climate有什么区别。
Thank you so much, Sukhwant.
非常感谢，苏克旺特。
Thank you, Sukhwant, for this important question!
苏克旺特，谢谢你提出这个重要的问题！
“Climate” is part of the “environment.”
“气候”是“环境”的一部分。
Let’s look at the meanings of each.
让我们来看看每一个词的意思。
Let’s start with “environment.”
首先从environment说起。
“Environment” has many meanings.
environment有很多含义。
Your “environment” can be everything that surrounds you.
你身处的“环境”可以是你周围的一切。
Different conditions and objects make up your environment.
不同的条件和物体构成了你所在的环境。
My home environment is a peaceful place that includes my husband and my pets.
我的家庭环境是在一个宁静的地方，家里有我的丈夫和我的宠物。
“Environment” can also be social and cultural elements that contribute to your life or a community.
“环境”也可以是对你的生活或社区有影响的社会和文化元素。
The phrase “nature or nurture” describes the debate about whether your biology or your environment shapes you.
“先天还是后天”这个短语就是关于是生物因素还是环境因素塑造了你的争论。
When we are talking about science, the “environment” is all the physical, biological and chemical conditions around you.
当我们谈论科学时，“环境”就是你周围所有的物理、生物和化学条件。
The “environment” includes things like climate, geography, diversity of plants and animals and many other things.
“环境”包括气候、地理、动植物的多样性和许多其他方面。
The environment affects the condition and survival of the things within it.
环境影响着身处其中的事物的状况和生存。
And those things, likewise, affect the environment.
同样，这些事物也会影响环境。
Deserts are environments with land features like sand or dry ground and extreme temperatures of hot and cold.
沙漠是指具有沙子或干燥地面等地面特征，以及极端高温和寒冷的环境。
We must protect our environment.
我们必须保护环境。
Note that the word “environment” can be used in specific professions like computer science and linguistics, or the study of language.
请注意，“环境”一词可用于特定的专业，如计算机科学和语言学（研究语言的学科）。
Let’s move onto “climate.”
接着讲“气候”。
“Climate” has several different meanings.
climate有几种不同的意思。
In science, “climate” is the overall weather pattern for an area over time.
在科学上，“气候”是一个地区长期的整体天气模式。
Climate includes amounts of rain and snow, temperatures and other weather conditions.
气候包括雨雪量、温度和其他天气条件。
Climate is part of the environment.
气候是环境的一部分。
“Climate” also can describe an area that has a certain kind of climate.
climate也可以描述具有某种气候的地区。
She moved to the southern US last year for the warmer climate.
她去年搬到了美国南部，那里的气候更温暖。
And lastly, “climate” can mean a general atmosphere or situation in a place or period.
最后，“气候”可以指一个地方或一个时期的普遍气氛或形势。
The political climate of 1950s in the United States was marked by fears about the spread of communism.
美国20世纪50年代的政治气氛以对共产主义蔓延的担忧为标志。
Please let us know if these explanations and examples have helped you, Sukhwant.
苏克旺特，请让我们知道这些解释和例子是否对你有帮助。
And that’s Ask a Teacher.
以上就是本期《名师答疑》。
I’m Faith Pirlo.
我是费思·皮尔洛。
