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Hello!
大家好!
This week on Ask a Teacher, we will answer a question about the difference between “haven” and “sanctuary.”
本周《名师答疑》，我们回答关于haven和sanctuary之间有什么区别的问题。
Hello teacher, I am Ghulammohammad from Afghanistan.
老师您好，我是来自阿富汗的古拉姆穆罕默德。
I am confused by the words “haven” and “sanctuary.”
我被haven和sanctuary这两个词搞糊涂了。
Thanks, Ghulammohammad.
谢谢解答，古拉姆穆罕默德。
Dear Ghulammohammad, thanks for writing to us.
亲爱的古拉姆穆罕默德，谢谢你的来信。
These words can mean the same thing, but they also have their own meanings and uses.
这些词可以表达相同的意思，但它们也有自己的含义和用法。
Let’s explore each of them with some examples.
让我们用一些例子来逐个探讨。
“Haven” is a noun and it has several different meanings.
haven是一个名词，它有几种不同的意思。
In the past, a “haven” was a harbor for ships that was protected from the sea.
在过去，haven是船只的避风港，可以躲避海上的风浪。
Over the centuries, this meaning has fallen out of use.
几个世纪以来，这个意思已经不再使用了。
But you might see it used as a part of a name of a place near a harbor.
但你可能会看到，港口附近的某个地名可能有这个词。
It is helpful to know the past meaning of haven to understand the current usage of the word.
了解haven过去的意思有助于理解这个词的现在用法。
The modern meaning of “haven” is a place that provides safety or refuge.
haven的现代含义是指提供安全或避难所的地方。
For example: Mother birds use a nest as a haven for their baby birds.
例如：鸟妈妈用鸟巢作为幼鸟的避风港。
We often use “haven” with the adjective “safe,” as in “safe haven.”
我们经常把haven与形容词safe连用，即safe haven。
The local youth center provides a safe haven for children after school.
当地的青少年中心在放学后为孩子们提供了一个安全避风港。
It can also be used to describe a place that offers a lot of opportunities for certain kinds of people.
haven还可以用来描述为某些类型的人提供大量机会的地方。
For example: The restaurant is a haven for local artists to share their work.
例如：这家餐厅是当地艺术家交流作品的地方。
Now, let’s turn to “sanctuary.”
现在，让我们转到sanctuary。
“Sanctuary” is a noun with several different meanings.
这是一个有几种不同意思的名词。
In religion, a “sanctuary” is a holy place or room for religious services.
在宗教中，sanctuary是进行宗教仪式的圣地或房间。
For example: The leader of the church addresses the attendees from the sanctuary.
例如，教会领袖在圣殿向与会者发表讲话。
Members of the choir sit near the church sanctuary.
唱诗班成员坐在教堂圣殿附近。
Over time, the meaning and use has changed.
随着时间的推移，这个词的含义和用法都发生了变化。
Churches have at times permitted people to seek shelter and refuge inside the building.
教堂有时允许人们在教堂内寻求庇护或避难。
This created the idea of the sanctuaries as being safe places.
这就使sanctuary有了安全地方的意思。
So now, “sanctuary” means a place where someone or something is protected or given shelter.
所以现在，sanctuary指的是某人或某物受到保护或得到庇护的地方。
It can also mean a place where one can find peace.
也可以表示一个人可以找到内心宁静的地方。
The garden was her sanctuary after work, a place where she was able to relax.
花园是她下班后的避难所，在这里她可以放松下来。
A “sanctuary” is also a protected space for animals to live freely and away from danger.
sanctuary也是动物自由生活、远离危险的受保护的空间。
There are many wildlife sanctuaries around the world.
世界各地有许多野生动物保护区。
Lions and tigers have been placed in big cat sanctuaries where they are free and are not hunted.
狮子和老虎被安置在大型猫科动物保护区，在那里它们是自由的，不会被猎杀。
Lastly, as an adjective, “sanctuary” is used to describe areas in the United States where local law enforcement has a limited ability to oversee federal laws related to immigration.
最后，作为形容词，sanctuary被用来描述美国的一些地区，这些地区的当地执法部门有一定的权力，可以负责与移民相关的联邦法律问题。
States like California, New Mexico, New York, and Vermont are all sanctuary states.
加利福尼亚州、新墨西哥州、纽约州和佛蒙特州都是避难州。
This means that undocumented people will not be asked about their immigration status.
在这些州，没有证件的人不会被问及他们的移民身份。
Please let us know if these explanations and examples have helped you!
请让我们知道这些解释和例子是否对你有帮助！
And that’s Ask a Teacher.
以上就是《名师答疑》。
I’m Faith Pirlo.
我是费思·皮尔洛。
