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Hello!
大家好!
This week on Ask a Teacher, we answer a question about the difference between “woods,” “forests,” and “jungles.”
本周《名师答疑》，我们回答woods、forests和jungles之间有什么区别。
Hello Teacher! This is Sumaira from Pakistan.
老师，您好！我是来自巴基斯坦的苏美拉。
I have been listening to the podcast since August 2022.
从2022年8月开始，我就一直在听播客。
I am so glad that it helps me to improve my listening skills.
我很开心这帮助我提高了听力能力。
I want to ask you about the difference between the words "woods,” “forest” and “jungle.”
我想问一下woods、forests和jungles之间有什么区别。
Thanks, Sumaira.
谢谢你，苏美拉。
Thanks for writing to us, Sumaira.
谢谢你的来信，苏美拉。
I love this question because I grew up playing in the woods a lot as a child.
我喜欢这个问题，因为我小时候经常在树林里玩耍。
Let’s start with the word “woods”.
我们先讲woods这个词吧。
Woods are areas covered with tall growing trees.
woods是长满了高大树木的地区。
They are smaller than a forest.
woods（树林）比forest（森林）面积更小。
The word appears in the singular form, “a wood,” especially in British English.
尤其是在英式英语中，这个词以单数形式出现。
The main difference between “woods” and a “forest” is the size of the land area and the amount of ground fully covered by trees called the canopy.
woods（树林）和forest（森林）之间的主要区别在于土地面积的大小，以及被树冠完全覆盖的地面的面积。
There are several definitions for a forest.
森林有几种不同的定义。
The U.S. National Vegetation Classification system classifies a forest as having 60 to 100 percent of the land covered by the tree canopy.
美国国家植被分类系统将森林分类为60%至100%的土地被树冠覆盖。
The same system says “woods” are classified as having only 25 to 60 percent of the land covered by the tree canopy.
这个系统也说，“树林”被归类为只有25%到60%的土地被树冠覆盖。
A wood can be small so long as it is bigger than a grouping of trees.
一片树林的面积可以很小，只要比聚集在一起的一片树大就行。
A “forest” is a larger area where tall trees grow close together largely covering the ground below.
“森林”是一个更大的区域，高大的树木紧密地生长在一起，覆盖大部分地面。
There are three main kinds of forests found around the world.
世界上有三种主要的森林。
The first are temperate deciduous forests.
第一类是温带落叶林。
Deciduous means that the trees’ leaves turn different colors and fall off each year.
落叶指树木的叶子会变成不同的颜色，并且每年都会凋落。
These forests exist where the climate has four seasons and the temperature changes throughout the year.
这类森林存在于四季分明、全年温度有变化的地方。
Many forests in Europe, the United States and parts of Canada are temperate deciduous forests.
欧洲、美国和加拿大部分地区的许多森林都是温带落叶林。
Animals that you would find in these forests include bears, deer, squirrels, owls and snakes.
你可以在这些森林里找到熊、鹿、松鼠、猫头鹰和蛇等动物。
Boreal forests are found in colder climates that often have freezing temperatures.
北方森林在气候较冷的地方，这些地方经常有冰点以下的温度。
They are found in places around the Baltic Sea, Siberia, Northern Canada and Alaska.
这类森林分布在波罗的海、西伯利亚、加拿大北部和阿拉斯加等地。
Animals you would find in a boreal forest include reindeer, moose, Artic hares, wolves and wolverines.
你可以在北方森林中找到驯鹿、驼鹿、北极野兔、狼和貂熊等动物。
Tropical forests are found near the equator in warmer, more humid climates.
热带森林分布在赤道附近，那里气候更温暖潮湿。
These forests experience two seasons, a rainy season and a dry season.
热带森林有雨季和旱季两个季节。
In some tropical forests, the trees’ leaves will fall off in the dry season just like deciduous forests.
在一些热带森林中，树木的叶子在旱季会像落叶林一样凋落。
Tropical forests are found in places like India, Northern Australia, parts of Mexico and Bolivia and and in northwestern South America, on the Pacific Coast.
热带森林分布在印度、澳大利亚北部、墨西哥和玻利维亚的部分地区，以及南美洲西北部的太平洋海岸。
This brings us to our next word, which is “jungle.”
这就引出了下一个词，就是“丛林”。
The word “jungle” is a common term, not a scientific one, for forests found in the tropics.
“丛林”这个词是一个常见的术语，不是科学术语，指的是热带的森林。
They are very dense and have a lot of undergrowth which means many of the plants and vegetation grow close to the ground.
丛林非常茂密，有很多下层灌木丛，下层灌木丛指的是许多植物和植被都离地面很近。
This undergrowth becomes tangled together and is extremely difficult to walk through.
这些灌木丛枝叶纠缠，极其难以穿行。
Animals you would find in a tropical jungle include primates like gorillas and monkeys; birds like parrots; and reptiles like tropical snakes and lizards.
你可以在热带丛林中找到大猩猩和猴子等灵长类动物，鹦鹉等鸟类，以及热带蛇和蜥蜴等爬行动物。
Sometimes the word “jungle” is used to describe a rainforest.
有时“丛林”这个词被用来描述雨林。
But a rainforest is another kind of forest.
但雨林是另一种森林。
It has high rainfall throughout much of the year.
它一年中的大部分时间降雨量都很大。
The largest tropical rainforest is the Amazon Rainforest in South America.
最大的热带雨林是南美洲的亚马逊雨林。
There are also temperate rainforests in the Pacific Northwest in the United States.
美国西北部太平洋沿岸也有温带雨林。
Please let us know if these explanations and examples have helped you, Sumaira.
苏美拉，请让我们知道这些解释和例子是否对你有帮助。
And that’s Ask a Teacher.
以上就是《名师答疑》。
I’m Faith Pirlo.
我是费思·皮尔洛。
